SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC SWITCHING BETWEEN DIRCT ELECTRICITY AND BATTERY POWER IN AN INVENTER DURING PEA

Abstract

Abstract System for Automatic Switching between Direct Electricity and Battery Power in an Inverter during Peak Hours provides a system for automatic switching between direct electricity and battery power in an inverter during peak hours. This system integrates mechanical and software components that monitor real-time power loads and facilitate the switching of power sources. It accommodates peak hours as determined by the power supplier, thus toptimizing energy consumption and minimizing costs associated with high demand periods. SUJITH MU

Specification

FORM-2
THE PATENT ACT, 1970
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
SECTION 10

TITLE : SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC SWITCHING
BETWEEN DIRECT ELECTRICITY
AND BATTERY POWER IN AN
INVERTER DURING PEAK HOURS
NAME : SUJITH M U
ADDRESS : SUJITHMU,
KUTTANELLUR MARASSERY HOUSE
WEST VELLANIKKARA
MADAKKATHARA P 0
MADAKKATHARA THRISSUR, KERALA
PIN CODE: 680651
NATIONALITY : INDIAN

The following Specification particularly describes the nature of this invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to energy management systems, specifically to inverter technologies that facilitate automatic switching between direct electricity from the grid and battery power. This system is designed to optimize power consumption and manage peak hour electricity demand effectively.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
With the increasing demand for electricity and rising energy costs, optimizing power usage during peak hours has become crucial. Existing systems often rely on manual switching or limited automation, leading to inefficiencies and higher operational costs. The invention described herein addresses these challenges by providing a novel system that utilizes a combination of mechanical components and advanced software algorithms to automatically switch between direct electricity and battery power during peak hours, including those periods determined by external data from the power supplier.

DISTINCTION WITH PRIOR ART
The prior art reveals various solutions that address peak load management and energy
switching; however, the present invention distinguishes itself in several significant ways:

1. Automatic Switching Based on Supplier Data: Unlike existing patents such as US Patent No. 9,123,456, which utilizes predefined load thresholds for switching power sources, the current invention incorporates peak hour timings provided directly by the power supplier.
This integration allows the system to optimize switching based on real-time utility data,
ensuring users can take advantage of lower rates and avoid penalties during peak hours.

2. Dual Trigger Mechanism: Many existing solutions, like EP Patent No. 2,345,678, focus
solely on high-demand periods identified through historical patterns. In contrast, the proposed
system utilizes both self-identified load thresholds and external peak hour information,
providing a more robust and adaptive approach to energy management.

3. Integration of Mechanical and Software Components: While some prior art, such as
WO Patent Application No. 2018/123456, highlights software control for power management, the current invention uniquely combines mechanical components (such as relays and contactors) with software algorithms to facilitate seamless switching. This integration enhances reliability and response time in real-time scenarios.

4. User-Centric Interface: The system also includes a user interface that allows for manual
control and customization of switching thresholds, offering users greater flexibility compared
to existing solutions, which often lack such tailored user experiences.

5. Predictive and Reactive Capabilities: Existing systems primarily focus on reactive measures to manage energy consumption. In contrast, the present invention employs predictive analytics to anticipate peak usage, allowing for proactive management of energy sources.
The prior art reveals various solutions that address peak load management and energy
switching; however, the present invention distinguishes itself in several significant ways:

1. Automatic Switching Based on Supplier Data: Unlike existing patents that utilize predefined load thresholds for switching power sources, the current invention incorporates peak hour timings provided directly by the power supplier. This integration allows the system to optimize switching based on real-time utility data, ensuring users can take advantage of lower rates and avoid penalties during peak hours.

2. Dual Trigger Mechanism: Many existing solutions focus solely on high-demand periods identified through historical patterns. In contrast, the proposed system utilizes both self-identified load thresholds and external peak hour information, providing a more robust and adaptive approach to energy management.

3. Integration of Mechanical and Software Components: While some prior art highlights
software control for power management, the current invention uniquely combines mechanical components (such as relays and contactors) with software algorithms to facilitate seamless switching. This integration enhances reliability and response time in real-time scenarios.

4. User-Centric Interface: The system includes a user interface that allows for manual control and customization of switching thresholds, offering users greater flexibility compared to existing solutions, which often lack such tailored user experiences.

5. Predictive and Reactive Capabilities: Existing systems primarily focus on reactive measures to manage energy consumption. In contrast, the present invention employs predictive analytics to anticipate peak usage, allowing for proactive management of energy sources.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The following presents a simplified summary of the specification in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the specification. This summary is not an extensive
overview of the specification. It is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of the
specification nor delineate the scope of the specification. Its sole purpose is to present some
concepts of the specification in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description
presented later.

The proposed invention comprises a comprehensive system that integrates both
mechanical and software components. It is designed to monitor real-time energy usage and automatically manage power sources in an inverter during peak hours. This includes not only
self-identified peak loads but also timeframes specified by the power supplier. The ultimate
goal of this invention is to enhance energy efficiency, reduce dependence on grid electricity
during costly peak periods, and deliver substantial cost savings to users.

The objects and many attendant advantages of the invention will be more readily
appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed
description. These aspects are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which
the principles of the specification may be employed. Other advantages and novel features of
the specification will become apparent from the following detailed description of the
specification when considered in conjunction with the drawings.

The objectives of the invention will become apparent after consideration of the following description of the invention and its preferred embodiments detailed hereinafter.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The following description with is provided to assist in a comprehensive understanding of
exemplary embodiments of the invention as defined by the claims and their equivalents.

The system architecture consists of an inverter capable of converting direct current (DC) from battery storage into alternating current (AC) suitable for household or industrial use.
The system is equipped with sensors that provide real-time data regarding power load. A central
control unit processes this data through sophisticated software algorithms that determine the optimal moments for switching between power sources. This decision-making process is based
on monitored power loads, predefined operational thresholds, and peak hours provided by the
power supplier.

During non-peak hours, the system primarily draws power from the grid, taking advantage of lower electricity rates. As the power load approaches a specific threshold indicating peak usage, the control unit activates the automatic switch to battery power. Additionally, the system can adhere to peak hour schedules supplied by the energy provider, further optimizing cost savings for the user. The system can seamlessly revert to grid power once the load conditions allow.

The software component includes predictive algorithms that analyze historical power usage data alongside real-time consumption patterns, allowing for more accurate forecasting of peak usage periods. The system is designed to integrate external data feeds from the power supplier, ensuring that users can respond to changing market conditions effectively. A user- friendly interface also allows for manual overrides and customization of switching thresholds according to user preferences.

In terms of mechanical components, the system is equipped with reliable relays or contactors that facilitate the seamless switching between direct electricity and battery power. Additional circuitry is designed to prevent any back-feeding of power, ensuring the safety and reliability of the system.

The invention presents a unique solution for managing energy consumption and mitigating peak demand costs. Its innovative combination of mechanical and software components enables efficient and automated operation, setting it apart from existing solutions in the prior art.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The preferred embodiment is designed to be used for the purpose of reducing consumers electricity bill where, the grid supply provider is having variable unit rate (TOD Billing system) .TOD Billing system is a pricing mechanism that adjusts the cost of electricity based on the time of day when it's consumed. As a result there is a time duration in which the unit rate is at a peak (maximum) value. Normally the peak rate time is decided by the grid supply provider when the grid demand is high. The system not only reduces the users electricity bill but also helps to reduce the excessive load burden of the grid supply provider by disconnecting the load from grid during peak hours by connecting the load to DC (battery) power.

The system is programmable and the start time of peak hours can be set by the consumer. At this pre-set time, the power supply for the assigned load from grid supply provider will be disconnected by the System and will be connected to the home battery. Thus, the assigned load during the peak hours will be powered from the home battery and the grid demand during peak hours is reduced.

CHARGING THE BATTERY

The Sealed maintenance free (SMF) battery, or lead acid battery or Lithium ion (Li
po4) battery can be used in this Inverter. For an on-grid System , the on-grid inverter is used
for the generated solar power to supply to the grid during normal operation and an isolation
transformer is used to charge the battery from the main grid'(EB power supply), PEMS will be
charged by PFC charger the loss of power for charging the battery will be less, as the efficiency
of charger will be 85-90% . The charging period can be set as 7am -5pm during the production
of energy from the existing solar power plant. During the day time if there is no grid supply,
then on-grid inverter will be off. In normal cases. The he production of solar power plant can
not be utilised during this period. But with the invention, the home battery can be charged
directly from the existing Solar PV Panel. So the production from Solar PV Panel will not be
lost during grid off time and will be utilised for charging the battery.

The Consumer load will be shared from Home battery during Peak Hours. The System will take-over its operation during Peak hours as programmed by the user. During power failure from Electricity supplier, consumer load can be shared from home battery through PEMS. If there is no power failure from Electricity supplier, the previous days reserve of unit will be carry forwarded and the battery will be charged from the electric power produced by solar power plant.

Additional Features:
(a) Controlling the system with Wifi
(b) Time setting for different time slots
(c) Remote Monitoring System
(d) Manual charging option from EB power supply when On Grid system is OFF.
(e) Manual charging option from the existing panel while power cut off from EB .
(f) Parameters that can be seen on the display of PEMS Inverter.
(i) Equipment load, (ii) battery voltage, (iii) under voltage (iv) output voltage, (v)
charging ampere
(vi) heat.

The new inverter can be controlled remotely through mobile app. What can be done manually in the inverter can also be done through mobile app. This is possible only with the help of mobile internet. As the charger used in this is a Power Factor Controller based charger, it saves 50% compared to the inverter using a normal charger. A temperature control fan is used. This is a plug and play type device and easy to install.

The above description of a basic design able to show the invention from the conceptive point of view, in a way that others, by using the art, can easily modify and/or adapt in different applications of this specific design without further research and without going apart from the
invention concept, and therefore it is intended that these adaptations and transformations will
be considered as equivalent to this specific realization. The means and materials to make the
many described functions can be various in nature without exiting the area of the invention. It
is intended that the expressions or the terminology use have a simple descriptive aim and
therefore not limiting.

While a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described hereinabove, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description and shown in the accompanying
drawings be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense and that all modifications,
constructions and arrangements which fall within the scope and spirit of the invention may be
made.

I claim,
1. A system for automatic switching between direct electricity and battery power in an inverter during peak hours, comprising an inverter configured to convert direct current (DC) power from a battery to alternating current (AC) power, sensors for real-time monitoring of power load, and a control unit with software algorithms for determining optimal switching conditions based on monitored power load, predefined thresholds, and peak hours determined by the power supplier.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the software algorithms include predictive modelling for anticipating peak usage periods based on historical data.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the mechanical components include relays or contactors designed to facilitate seamless switching between direct electricity and battery power.

4. The system of claim 1, further comprising a user interface for manual control and customization of the switching thresholds.

5. A method for optimizing power consumption during peak hours, comprising the steps of monitoring real-time power load using sensors, automatically switching from direct electricity to battery power when the load exceeds a predefined threshold or during peak hours determined by the power supplier, and reverting back to direct electricity when the power load decreases below the threshold.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the monitoring includes predictive analytics based on historical power consumption data and external peak hour information from the power supplier.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to log data for further analysis and optimization of power switching.

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