STABILITY ASSISTIVE DEVICE FOR INJURY REHABILITATION

Abstract

A stability assistive device for injury rehabilitation, comprising a pair of wearable bodies 101 developed to be secured on the user's legs via a pair of straps 102, which are fastened by a motorized roller 103, multiple laser sensors detects leg dimensions, a sensing module comprising gyro sensors, accelerometers, and pressure sensors, detects imbalance, an artificial intelligence-based imaging unit 104 locates nearby fixed surfaces, multiple dual-axis motorized hinges 106 connected with multiple plates 105 deploy and tilt the plates 105 to provide support, multiple pneumatic pins 108 get extend to grip moist surfaces detected by a moisture sensor, an inflatable member 110 with miniature air compressor 111, absorb shock upon falling, a PPG sensors monitors vital signs, sending alerts to caretakers via an IOT-based communication module, an EMG sensors detects inappropriate muscle activity, a GPS module tracks user location, displayed on a computing unit.

Specification

Description:FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a stability assistive device for injury rehabilitation that is capable of offering physical support to an injured user by helping the user in maintaining balance and stability while walking or standing, which ensures that the user is able to move around confidently as well as anticipating and responding to potential fall risks by providing proactive support, reducing the likelihood of accidents and related injuries.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Most of individuals worldwide suffer from mobility impairments due to injuries, surgeries, or chronic conditions such as arthritis, stroke, or neurological disorders. These impairments significantly impact daily life, limiting independence and increasing the risk of falls and related injuries. The World Health Organization estimates that over 1 billion people globally live with some form of disability, with mobility impairments being a leading contributor. This staggering figure encompasses individuals with orthopedic conditions, such as arthritis and osteoporosis, neurological conditions like stroke, Parkinson's, and multiple sclerosis, traumatic injuries including spinal cord injuries and amputations, and chronic conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

[0003] These impairments significantly impact daily life, limiting independence, and increasing the risk of falls and related injuries. Simple tasks, such as walking, bathing, or dressing, become daunting challenges. Mobility impairments also have far-reaching consequences, including decreased quality of life, emotional distress, and economic burden on individuals and healthcare systems. Furthermore, traditional assistive devices and rehabilitation programs often fall short, highlighting the need for innovative solutions that address the complex needs of individuals with mobility impairments.

[0004] In past, individuals with mobility impairments have relied on traditional assistive devices such as canes, walkers, and crutches. While these devices provide some stability, they lack personalized support, require manual adjustment, and can be cumbersome or awkward. Moreover, these devices often fail to adapt to changing environments, making everyday activities challenging. Orthotics and prosthetics offer improved support but come with their own set of limitations. Custom-made devices can be expensive and inaccessible, require frequent adjustments, and causes discomfort or skin irritation. Furthermore, their functionality is often limited, and they may not address specific balance or stability needs.

[0005] Rehabilitation programs aim to improve mobility through therapy and exercise. However, these programs are time-consuming and labor-intensive, are able to not address specific balance or stability needs, and often require ongoing supervision. Additionally, these programs might lack in providing real-time support or feedback, leaving individuals vulnerable to falls and injuries. Caregiver assistance is another crucial aspect of mobility impairment management. Family members or caregivers provide essential support, but it's emotionally and physically demanding. Caregivers might not provide specialized care or expertise, limit user independence, and may not available 24/7.

[0006] US20170231856A1 discloses a mobility assistance apparatus includes first and second frames positioned on left and right sides of a user; a hinge arm mechanism coupled to the first and second frames; and a securing unit or a walking seat coupled to the frames to transfer at least a portion of the user's body weight from the legs and to transfer weight through the user's hip or pelvis to the first and second frame enabling the user to stand or work for an extended period without requiring the user's arms to hold the frame. Although US'856 discloses an apparatus that is for providing assistance to those users who are suffering from mobility issues to enable the user to stand or walk for long period of time in an automated manner, however it is inefficient in tracking the user's vital signs (e.g., heart rate, blood flow) while walking or standing, which affects the user's health.

[0007] US20100229903A1 discloses a walking assistance device is disclosed that includes a support member having a first end and a second end. Attached to the support member is a hand grip, and attached to the second end is a base member. The base member includes a rounded surface that is configured to rotatably pivot relative to a walking surface as a user walks. The base member may further include a foot portion that has a toe and a heel. The toe and the heel may be the same length, or alternatively they may have varying lengths. Additionally, a pad is optionally attached to the foot portion and may be configured with tread to engage the walking surface in a way that provides traction to the walking assistance device. Although US'903 discloses a device that provide assistance to a user in walking, however it is only limited to those users who are perfectly fine and not to those whose suffering from mobility or flexibility issues.

[0008] Conventionally, there exists many devices that are capable of providing stability and support to an injured user, however these existing devices are fails in providing a means to adjusting in accordance with the user's requirement to enable them to move more comfortably around.

[0009] In order to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, there exists a need in the art to develop a device that is need to be capable of offering a customizable experience to a user by getting adjust as per the user's need without restricting the user from walking comfortably around. Furthermore, the developed device required to be potent enough of performing in different situations or environments (such as uneven surface and moisture) without reducing confidence of the user and keeps inform caregiver about real-time conditions of the user.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

[0010] The principal object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.

[0011] An object of the present invention is to develop a device that is capable of providing stability assistance to an injured user to enable them to walk safely without any risk of potential falls, accidents and related injuries.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is to develop a device that is capable of adapting to the user's needs and providing a comfortable and secure fit that ensures effectiveness, thereby allowing the user to move around confidently without constant assistance.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to develop a device that is capable of reducing risk of falls and injuries by detecting and responding to changing environments (e.g., uneven surfaces, moisture) to maintain user stability, adapting different environments, thereby making it proactive support, which minimizes accident risks.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to develop a device that is capable of providing real-time monitoring and alerts caregivers to potential health issues by continuously tracking the user's vital signs (e.g., heart rate, blood flow), thereby caregivers stay informed about users' well-being.

[0015] Yet another object of the present invention is to develop a device that is capable of cushioning impact of potential falls to provide comprehensive support to promote user's confidence and reduces caregiver worries.

[0016] The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become readily apparent upon further review of the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0017] The present invention relates to a stability assistive device for injury rehabilitation that is a personalized stability and safety companion for an injured user or with mobility issues, which provides physical support and balance assistance to the user to prevent falls, while continuously monitoring their vital signs and alerting caregivers to potential health concerns as well as also capable of adapting to changing environments, such as uneven surfaces or moisture, to maintain the user's stability and provides cushion impact in case of a fall.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a stability assistive device for injury rehabilitation comprises of a pair of wearable bodies secured to the user's legs via a pair of straps, which are fastened by a motorized roller embedded with each of the bodies controlled by a microcontroller, multiple laser sensors arranged with the bodies to detect leg dimensions, ensuring a snug fit, a sensing module installed with each of the bodies, comprising gyro sensors, accelerometers, and pressure sensors, detects imbalance and triggers an artificial intelligence-based imaging unit installed on one of the bodies to locate nearby fixed surfaces, multiple dual-axis motorized hinges connected with multiple plates on the bodies in stowed state that deploy and tilt the plates to provide support and a motorized slider configured with each of the bodies for translating the plates towards the detected location of fixed surface.

[0019] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the proposed device further comprises of multiple suction cups on plates ensure secure contact with surfaces, providing comprehensive support and safety for injured users while pneumatic pins equipped with multiple slots carved on base portion of the bodies to get extend to grip on moist surfaces detected by a moisture sensor positioned on the body, an inflatable members, paired with miniature air compressors, absorb shock upon falling, a PPG sensors installed with the bodies monitors vital signs, sending alerts to caretakers via an IOT-based communication module (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GSM) if thresholds are breached, an EMG sensors arranged with the each of the bodies to detect inappropriate muscle activity, prompting hinge deployment, a GPS module assembled with one of the bodies to track user location, displayed on a computing unit and battery is associated with the device to supply power to electrically powered components which are employed herein.

[0020] While the invention has been described and shown with particular reference to the preferred embodiment, it will be apparent that variations might be possible that would fall within the scope of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with regard to the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings where:
Figure 1 illustrates an isometric view of a stability assistive device for injury rehabilitation.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0022] The following description includes the preferred best mode of one embodiment of the present invention. It will be clear from this description of the invention that the invention is not limited to these illustrated embodiments but that the invention also includes a variety of modifications and embodiments thereto. Therefore, the present description should be seen as illustrative and not limiting. While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative constructions, it should be understood, that there is no intention to limit the invention to the specific form disclosed, but, on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, alternative constructions, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

[0023] In any embodiment described herein, the open-ended terms "comprising," "comprises," and the like (which are synonymous with "including," "having" and "characterized by") may be replaced by the respective partially closed phrases "consisting essentially of," consists essentially of," and the like or the respective closed phrases "consisting of," "consists of, the like.

[0024] As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" designate both the singular and the plural, unless expressly stated to designate the singular only.

[0025] The present invention relates to a stability assistive device for injury rehabilitation that is capable of providing comprehensive support and protection to an injured user or with mobility challenges, ensuring their safety and independence, which mitigates fall risks and provides caregivers with valuable insights by offering real-time balance assistance, monitoring vital health parameters, and adaptive environmental responses.

[0026] Referring to Figure 1, an isometric view of a stability assistive device for injury rehabilitation is illustrated, comprising a pair of wearable bodies 101, a pair of straps 102 are installed with the bodies 101, a motorized roller 103 configured with each of the straps 102, an artificial intelligence-based imaging unit 104 mounted on one of the bodies 101, a set of plates 105 configured with each of the bodies 101 via plurality of dual axis motorized hinges 106, a motorized slider 107 configured with each of the bodies 101, plurality of pneumatic pins 108 embedded in plurality of slots 109 carved on base portion of the bodies 101, an inflatable member 110 configured with each of the bodies 101 and paired with a miniature air compressor 111 and multiple suction cups 112 attached with each of the plates 105.

[0027] The device disclosed herein, provides stability, comfort, and support to users with mobility impairments, injuries, or post-surgical rehabilitation needs. The device consists of a pair of wearable bodies 101 that are worn over the leg, ensuring a secure fit with a pair of straps 102 are installed with the bodies 101. The wearable bodies 101 are made of soft, waterproof material to prevent water from entering the bodies 101, breathable materials for comfort and are lightweight aluminum and breathable fabrics and durable. The adjustable straps 102 ensure a customized fit for various leg sizes.

[0028] For starting the process, the user simply accommodates the wearable bodies 101 over their legs and secure them with adjustable straps 102. For instance, after undergoing knee surgery, the user is able to wear the bodies 101 to provide additional stability and support during rehabilitation. Athletes who suffer injuries, such as ankle sprains, are also get benefit from it. Moreover, the user with mobility impairments, such as cerebral palsy, is also able to use it to enhance their mobility and balance.

[0029] Hence, offering a comprehensive solution for individuals requiring additional stability, comfort, and support. By providing real-time support and adjustments, the bodies 101 empowers individuals to move confidently and comfortably, enhancing their overall quality of life.

[0030] After the user wore the bodies 101, a caretaker of the user provides input commands regarding activation of the device through a computing unit, which is wirelessly linked with an inbuilt microcontroller of the device. Based on the provided input commands, the microcontroller activates multiple laser sensors embedded with the bodies 101 get activated to monitor the dimensions of the user's legs, including shape and size. The laser sensor activates and emits a focused and narrow beam toward the user's legs. When the laser beam strikes the surface of the user's legs, it gets reflected back towards the sensor. The receiver of the laser sensor captures the reflected light and employs a time-of-flight measurement principle to determine the dimensions of the user's legs.

[0031] The laser sensor precisely measures the time it takes for these laser pulses to travel to the user's leg and back to the sensor. This measurement is known as time-of-flight and as the laser sensor continues to emit laser pulses and measure their time-of-flight, it creates a dense point cloud of data points. Each data point corresponds to the shape and size of the user's leg. By combining the time-of-flight data from multiple laser beams at various angles, the laser sensor builds a detailed 3D (three-dimensional) map or point-of-cloud of the shape and size of the user's leg.

[0032] The generated point of the cloud map in then sent to a microcontroller which processes the data and determines the dimensions of the user's leg. Based on the detected dimensions of the user's leg, the microcontroller calculates the optimal strap 102 length for a secure fit and actuated a motorized roller 103 attached with each of the straps 102 to adjust the straps 102 accordingly, ensuring a comfortable and personalized fit.

[0033] The motorized roller 103 is a mechanical unit designed to rotate on its axis with the help of an integrated electric motor. The roller 103 tube serves as a surface for supporting, and fastening the straps 102. The motorized roller 103 is equipped with an electric motor that provides the rotational power necessary to turn the roller 103. The motor is connected to the roller 103 tube through a drive mechanism, which involves gears, belts to transfer the motor's rotational force to the roller 103, causing it to spin and fasten the straps 102 to secure the bodies 101 with the user's leg, which allows the user to walk over the ground surface.

[0034] For example, after knee surgery, a user requires to wear the bodies 101 for rehabilitation, which ensures a precise fit, eliminating manual adjustments. The laser sensors scan the user's legs, detecting dimensions and shape. The microcontroller processes data and adjusts motorized roller 103 to secure the wearable bodies 101.

ADVANTAGES
• Personalized fit for optimal support.
• Enhanced stability and balance.
• Reduced risk of injury or discomfort.
• Easy adjustment for changing need.
• Empowering individuals to focus on rehabilitation and recovery.

[0035] Each body 101 features a sensing module comprising a gyro sensor and an accelerometer to detect imbalanced conditions of the user. The gyro sensor measures orientation and angular velocity, while the accelerometer detects linear acceleration and movement. Both sensors collaborate to detect imbalanced conditions, such as stumbling or loss of balance. The gyro sensor uses the principle of angular momentum to maintain its orientation in space. It consists of a spinning wheel or rotor that resists changes in its orientation during motion.

[0036] The gyro sensor is coupled with the bodies 101 in a way that it is sensitive to changes in the orientation and angular velocity of the user. The gyro sensor continuously monitors the user's orientation by the microcontroller. Any deviation from this reference indicates a potential misbalanced conditions of the user. Synchronously, the accelerometers work by measuring acceleration or movement in the user. They consist of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) to detect and measure acceleration. These sensors are incredibly small and sensitive, allowing them to accurately capture even the slightest vibrations.

[0037] When the user experiences vibrations, the accelerometers detect the changes in acceleration and provide data on the intensity and frequency of the vibrations. Both sensors send these data to the microcontroller and after receiving these data, the microcontroller monitors the imbalanced condition of the user and in case the imbalanced detection is failed, then the microcontroller initiate further operation.

[0038] Conversely, if the user is detected to be imbalanced then the microcontroller actuates an artificial intelligence-based imaging unit 104 mounted on one of the bodies 101 to monitor location of a fixed surface in proximity to the user. The artificial intelligence-based imaging unit 104 is constructed with a camera lens and a processor, wherein the camera lens is adapted to capture a series of images of the surrounding present in proximity to the user. The imaging unit mentioned herein utilizes artificial intelligence and machine learning protocol to monitor location of the fixed surface near to the user. The processor carries out a sequence of image processing operations including pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification.

[0039] The image captured by the imaging unit 104 is real-time images of the user's surrounding environment. The artificial intelligence-based imaging unit 104 transmits the captured image signal in the form of digital bits to the microcontroller. The microcontroller upon receiving the image signals compares the received image signal with the pre-fed data stored in a database and constantly determines the location of a nearby fixed surface, such as a chair, for support.

[0040] For example, consider elderly user, who wears the wearable leg support while walking. Suddenly, he trips on a rug. The sensing module detects the imbalance, triggering the microcontroller. The artificial intelligence-based imaging unit 104 and processor activates and further capturing images of the surrounding environment. After capturing images, the microcontroller identifies the exact location of a nearby fixed surface, such as a chair, for support.

ADVANTAGES
• Enhanced fall detection and prevention.
• Increased user confidence and independence.
• Reduced risk of injury or harm.
• Real-time support and localization.

[0041] Upon detecting an imbalance, the microcontroller provides real-time support and localization, empowering users to regain balance and confidence, which redefines fall prevention and mobility assistance, enabling individuals to live independently and safely.

[0042] Synchronously, a pressure sensor configured with each of the bodies 101 get activated to monitor the user's foot pressure on the ground surface while walking, detecting uneven application of pressure. The pressure sensor contains a piezoelectric material, which generates a voltage in response to mechanical stress. When a pressure is applied by the user on the ground surface, it deforms the piezoelectric material. The pressure applied by the user on the ground surface causes the material to deform, creating a strain.

[0043] This strain results in the generation of an electric charge across the material, producing a voltage signal proportional to the applied pressure. The generated voltage is typically very small so the signal is amplified to make it suitable for further processing. The microcontroller continuously monitors the data from the pressure sensor when the applied pressure on the ground surface exceeds the optimum pressure value, the microcontroller actuates the imaging unit 104 to find a location to allow the user to take rest on a fixed surface.

ADVANTAGES
• Enhanced fall detection and prevention.
• Increased user confidence and independence
• Reduced risk of injury or harm.
• Real-time support and localization.

[0044] A set of plates 105 configured with the body 101 via multiple dual-axis motorized hinges 106, which is initially stored in a packed state, these plates 105 are designed for rapid deployment. If fixed surface is detected in nearby, then the microcontroller actuates a motorized slider 107 integrated with the bodies 101 to move the plates 105 to in proximity to the detected fixed surface. The motorized sliding unit consists of a motor, and a rail unit integrated with ball bearings to allow smooth linear movement.

[0045] As the motor rotates the rotational motion of the motor is converted into linear motion through a pair of belts and linkages. This linear motion provides a stable track and allows the movement of the plates 105 near to the detected location of the fixed surface. After position the plates 105 in proximity to the fixed surface, the microcontroller actuates the hinges 106 to deploy and tilt the plates 105 to position the plates 105 in contact with the surface this time to support the user and eliminate the chances of falling get injured again.

[0046] The dual-axis hinges 106 mentioned herein above consists of two independent stepper motors controlling movement along each axis (X and Y), gears (ratio 10:1 to 100:1) transmitting motor rotation, bearings (type liner) enabling smooth movement, guide rails maintaining alignment, and position sensors tracking hinges 106 position. The internal mechanism involves X-axis movement controlled by one motor and Y-axis movement controlled by the second motor. Both motors work together for diagonal or complex movements, allowing for precise control.

[0047] The microcontroller processing commands, motor drivers amplifying signals, and a feedback loop providing real-time position feedback, which enables accurate and synchronized movement to place the plates 105 in contact with the fixed surface to support the user and save the user from falling. Conversely, if the imaging unit 104 fails in detecting the fixed surface in proximity, then the microcontroller still actuates the hinges 106 to tilt and deploy the plates 105 but this time with the ground surface for providing support the user even in that condition when its unable to detect the fixed surface in proximity.

[0048] The plates 105 mentioned herein are attached with multiple suction cups 112 to fix the plates 105 over the ground surface or fixed surface to prevent slippage of the user. The suction cups 112 are used to create a vacuum seal between the ground surface/fixed and the plates 105. When the suction cups 112 are pressed against the surface, the initial contact creates a seal between the cups 112 and the surface, this seals off the area within the suction cups 112. The suction cups 112 is designed to maintain a relatively airtight seal.

[0049] Multiple pneumatic pins 108 are embedded in slots 109 carved on the base portion of each wearable body 101 to ensure user safety by providing extra grip on slippery surfaces, wherein, a moisture sensor, positioned on the base portion, detect moisture on the ground surface. The core of the moisture sensor consists of two metal probes that is positioned in contact with the ground surface that interacts with the surface's moisture content. Moisture on the ground surface acts as an electrical conductor. Dry surface has high electrical resistance, while wet has low electrical resistance due to the presence of ions in the water.

[0050] A low voltage electrical current is applied in the metal probes. One probe serves as the positive electrode and the other serves as the negative electrode. The resistance between the probes is measured which is indicative of the surface's moisture content. The data interpreted by the sensor is then compared with the threshold level of moisture stored in the database. If the moisture content of the soil recedes the threshold value, the microcontroller linked with the moisture sensor allows the user to walk over the ground surface.

[0051] If the moisture is detected on the ground surface, then the microcontroller actuates the pneumatic pins 108 to extend, providing additional grip for the user. The pins 108 as mentioned herein are powered by a pneumatic unit that utilizes compressed air to extend and retract the pins 108. The process begins with an air compressor 111 which compresses atmospheric air to a higher pressure. The air cylinder of the pneumatic unit contains a piston that moves back and forth within the cylinder.

[0052] The cylinder is connected to one end of the pins 108. The piston is attached to the pins 108 and its movement is controlled by the flow of compressed air. To extend the pins 108 the piston activates the air valve to allow compressed air to flow into the chamber behind the piston. As the pressure increases in the chamber, the piston pushes the pins 108 to the desired length for ensuring gripping of the pins 108 on the slippery surface while walking on the surface and preventing the user from falling.

[0053] For example, a user busy professional, wears the bodies 101 while walking to work on a rainy day, as he approaches a wet floor, moisture sensors detect water, the microcontroller activates pneumatic pins 108, extending them for extra grip, which prevents him from slipping, ensuring his safety. By detecting moisture and extending pneumatic pins 108, the bodies 101 provides proactive safety measures, which empowers individuals to navigate challenging environments with confidence.

ADVANTAGES
• Enhanced grip on slippery surfaces.
• Reduced risk of falls and injuries.
• Increased user confidence.
• Real-time adaptation to changing environments.

[0054] While the user is walking and if the imaging unit 104 and sensing module detects falling of the user, then transmits the signal of falling conditions of the user to the microcontroller, which then activates a miniature air compressor 111 configured with the bodies 101 to inflate an inflatable member 110 also attached with the bodies 101 to absorb shock upon impact. The air compressor 111 which extracts the air from surrounding and increases the pressure of the air by reducing the volume of the air and which is further injected in the member 110. Further, the inflatable member 110 are laminated of multiple thin polymeric films, when air is inserted in the inflatable member 110 by means of air compressor 111, the films are puffed and the member 110 becomes soft and absorb shock upon impact.

[0055] For example, the user, who wore the bodies 101 while walking, the imaging unit 104 and sensing module detects the user's loss of balance and the microcontroller activates the air compressor 111, inflating the inflatable member 110. As the user falls, the inflated member 110 absorbs shock, reducing impact on his legs.

ADVANTAGES
• Reduced risk of serious injuries (fractures, sprains).
• Enhanced user safety and confidence.
• Real-time protection during falls.
• Compact and lightweight design.

[0056] Each body 101 features an EMG (Electromyography) sensor that monitors muscle activity in the user's leg muscles. The EMG (Electromyography) sensor detects abnormal muscle activity, such as muscle fatigue, weakness, spasticity, and irregular contractions. The EMG (electromyography) sensor measures electrical activity in muscles, providing insights into muscle function and control, which works by detecting the electrical signals generated when muscle fibers contract. The sensor typically consists of electrodes placed on the skin's surface or inserted into the muscle tissue.

[0057] When a muscle contracts, action potentials (small electrical signals) are generated. The EMG sensor captures these signals through the electrodes, converting them into a voltage signal. This electrical activity is then amplified, filtered, and digitized for analysis. The resulting data reflects muscle activation patterns, which can be used for various applications, such as rehabilitation, prosthetics control, and ergonomic assessments. The EMG sensors help in diagnosing neuromuscular disorders, monitor muscle fatigue, and improve athletic performance by providing feedback on muscle engagement.

[0058] Upon detecting inappropriate muscle activity, the microcontroller actuates the hinges 106 to tilt and deploy plates 105 for support. This process occurs rapidly, with plate 105 deployment times under one second.

[0059] For example, the user with muscle dystrophy, wears the bodies 101. As the user walks, EMG sensors detect abnormal muscle activity in her legs. The microcontroller responds by actuating hinges 106, tilting and deploying plates 105 to provide ground support and stabilize her legs.

ADVANTAGES
• Real-time support for muscle weakness.
• Enhanced stability and balance.
• Reduced risk of falls and injuries.
• Improved mobility and independence.

[0060] A PPG (Photoplethysmography) sensor embedded with the bodies 101 that emits light through the skin, measures changes in light absorption, and calculates blood flow rate and pulse rate, which provides accurate and continuous vital sign data. The PPG (Photoplethysmography) sensor uses a light emitting diode, typically in the red or infrared spectrum, to emit light. The emitted light travels through the skin of the user and underlying tissues.

[0061] The photodetector converts the received light into an electrical signal which is then processed to create a PPG waveform, which represents the variations in blood volume. This signal is then received. When the light encounters blood vessels, it interacts with the red blood cells. A photodetector captures the reflected or transmitted light. The PPG is capable of monitoring vital health parameters of the user like pulse rate and blood flow intensity, and even detects certain irregularities in the user's blood volume.

[0062] The microcontroller receives data from PPG sensor and continuously monitors vital signs. If the detected blood flow rate and pulse rate rises above a predefined limit, then the microcontroller initiate further operation. Conversely, if the detected blood flow rate and pulse rate fall below a threshold limit, the microcontroller sends an alert to the computing unit accessed by a caretaker. This prompt notification enables secure medical assistance. For example, a patient with cardiovascular disease, wears wearable leg support arrangement equipped with PPG sensors. When his blood flow rate and pulse rate suddenly drop, the microcontroller detects the change and sends an alert to his caretaker, Nurse Emma. Nurse Emma receives the alert and rushes to provide life-saving medical assistance.

[0063] The PPG-Based Vital Sign monitoring offers numerous benefits, including real-time vital sign monitoring, early detection of cardiovascular complications, prompt medical assistance, and enhanced user safety and peace of mind.

[0064] A GPS (Global Positioning System) module, installed in one of the wearable bodies 101, uses satellite signals to detect the user's location. The GPS (Global Positioning System) module consists of a receiver that communicates with the satellites to determine the exact location of the user. The GPS (Global Positioning System) module constantly receives signals from the satellites and calculates the coordinates. The GPS module works by receiving signals from multiple satellites orbiting the Earth.

[0065] The GPS module uses the timing of these signals and trilateration to calculate the precise location of the user. The microcontroller linked with the GPS (Global Positioning System) module processes the data received from the GPS (Global Positioning System) module and transmits the user's precise location data including the latitude and the longitude to the user. The real-time location coordinates of the user are then sent to the microcontroller and the microcontroller transmits this data to the computing unit, allowing caretakers to track the user's movements.

[0066] The microcontroller transmits vital sign data, location information, and alerts to the computing unit via an IOT (Internet of Things)-based communication module. The IOT communication module typically consists of devices such as sensors and actuators, the microcontroller, a communication protocol stack, a transceiver, and a power source. The microcontroller processes data, executes instructions, and manages communication. The communication protocol stack handles data transmission and reception, while the transceiver sends and receives data over the chosen communication medium.

[0067] Based on the analysis, decisions are made, such as sending notifications or controlling actuators. The IoT communication modules use various protocols, including CoAP (constrained application protocol) MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport), and Bluetooth Low Energy. These protocols enable efficient communication between devices and manage data transmission, reception, and analysis.

[0068] This real-time data transmission enables prompt interventions and informed decision-making. The device utilizes various communication protocols, including Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) for high-speed data transfer, Bluetooth for low-power, short-range connectivity, and GSM (Global system for Mobile communication) for cellular network connectivity. This flexibility enables reliable data transmission in diverse environments.

[0069] When a mobile phone is turned on, it initializes communication with the nearest Base Transceiver Station (BTS) by sending an authentication request. The BTS receives this request and forwards it to the Mobile Switching Center (MSC), which then verifies the subscriber's identity with the Home Location Register (HLR). Once authenticated, the MSC updates the Visitor Location Register (VLR) with the subscriber's current location.

[0070] To make a call, the mobile phone sends a call setup request to the BTS, which forwards it to the MSC. The MSC then routes the call to the destination mobile phone or landline number. The MSC performs call setup, assigns a dedicated channel, and establishes a connection between the calling and called parties.

[0071] The BTS communicates with the mobile phone using radio frequency (RF) signals. The RF transceiver in the BTS sends and receives RF signals to and from the mobile phone. The signals are amplified by a power amplifier and transmitted through an antenna. The mobile phone receives the signals and decodes them using its baseband processor.

[0072] During a call or data session, the BTS transmits and receives data packets to and from the mobile phone. The data packets are formatted according to the GSM protocol and transmitted over the assigned channel. The mobile phone receives the packets, checks for errors, and reassembles the data.

[0073] GSM uses a combination of Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), and Time Division Duplex (TDD) to allocate channels. The BTS allocates a dedicated channel to each mobile phone, and the MSC manages channel allocation, handovers, and call drops.

[0074] When a mobile phone moves out of range of the current BTS, the MSC initiates a handover to a new BTS. The new BTS allocates a new channel, and the call continues uninterrupted. If the handover fails, the call is dropped. GSM employs various security features, including authentication, encryption, and IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) verification. The authentication process verifies the subscriber's identity, while encryption ensures confidentiality of data transmission.

[0075] The GSM network is managed by the Network Management System (NMS), which monitors network performance, detects faults, and configures network parameters. The NMS ensures smooth operation, optimizes network resources, and maintains quality of service.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

[0076] Key specifications include data transmission ranges of up to 100 meters via Bluetooth and unlimited via Wi-Fi and GSM, data transmission speeds of up to 100 Mbps via Wi-Fi and 2G/3G/4G via GSM, and low power consumption of less than 100Mw.

[0077] A battery is associated with the device to supply power to electrically powered components which are employed herein. The battery is comprised of a pair of electrode named as a cathode and an anode. The battery uses a chemical reaction of oxidation/reduction to do work on charge and produce a voltage between their anode and cathode and thus produces electrical energy that is used to do work in the device.

[0078] The present invention works best in following manner, where the pair of wearable bodies 101 secured to the user's legs via the pair of straps 102, which are fastened by the motorized roller 103 based on dimensions of user's legs as detected via the laser sensors ensuring the snug fit. The laser sensors are activated by a microcontroller upon receiving input commands from a caretaker through the computing unit. The sensing module, comprising gyro sensors, accelerometers, and pressure sensors, detects imbalance and actuates the artificial intelligence-based imaging unit 104 to locate nearby fixed surfaces, multiple dual-axis motorized hinges 106 connected with multiple plates 105 on the bodies 101 that deploy and tilt the plates 105 to provide support, the motorized slider 107 for translating the plates 105 towards the detected location of fixed surface. Simultaneously, multiple suction cups 112, ensure secure contact with surfaces, providing comprehensive support and safety for injured users while pneumatic pins 108 get extend to grip on moist surfaces detected by the moisture sensor, the miniature air compressor 111 fill air in inflatable member 110 to absorb shock upon falling. The PPG sensors monitor vital signs and sends alerts to caretakers via the IOT-based communication module on the computing unit of the caretaker, the EMG sensors to detect inappropriate muscle activity and accordingly prompting hinges 106 deployment and the GPS module to track the user's location, displayed on the computing unit and a battery to supply power to electrically powered components which are employed herein.

[0079] Although the field of the invention has been described herein with limited reference to specific embodiments, this description is not meant to be construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications of the disclosed embodiments, as well as alternate embodiments of the invention, will become apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reference to the description of the invention. , Claims:1) A stability assistive device for injury rehabilitation, comprising:

i) a pair of wearable bodies 101, associated with said device, developed to be accommodated over leg by an injured user, wherein a pair of straps 102 are installed with said bodies 101 for securing said bodies 101 with said user user's leg;

ii) a set of laser sensors arranged with each of said bodies 101 for detecting dimensions of said user's legs, wherein based on said detected dimensions, a microcontroller linked with said laser sensors actuates a motorized roller 103 configured with each of said straps 102 to rotate for fastening said straps 102 in view of securing said bodies 101 with said user's legs to allow said user to walk over ground surface;

iii) a sensing module installed with each of said bodies 101 for detecting imbalanced condition of said user, wherein upon detection of said imbalanced condition, said microcontroller activates an artificial intelligence-based imaging unit 104 paired with a processor mounted on one of said bodies 101 for detecting exact location of a fixed surface near said user;

iv) a set of plates 105 configured with each of said bodies 101 via plurality of dual axis motorized hinges 106, and initially stored in a stowed state, wherein said microcontroller actuates a motorized slider 107 configured with each of said bodies 101 for translating said plates 105 towards said detected location of fixed surface, followed by deploying said plates 105 and tilting said plates 105 in contact with said fixed surface in view of providing support to said user and preventing said user from falling;

v) plurality of pneumatic pins 108 embedded in plurality of slots 109 carved on base portion of said bodies 101, wherein in case said microcontroller via a moisture sensor positioned on said base portion of each of said bodies 101 detect moisture over said ground surface, said microcontroller actuates said pins 108 to extend for providing grip to said user on said ground surface while walking over said ground surface, thus preventing said user from slipping;

vi) an inflatable member 110 configured with each of said bodies 101 and paired with a miniature air compressor 111, wherein in case said microcontroller via said imaging unit 104 and sensing module detects falling condition of said user, said microcontroller actuates said air compressor 111 for inflating said member 110 to absorb shock upon impact of said user's legs over said ground surface, thus preventing serious injuries to said user; and

vii) a PPG (Photoplethysmography) sensor positioned on each of said bodies 101 for detecting blood flow rate and pulse rate of said user, wherein in case said detected blood flow rate and pulse rate recedes a threshold limit, said microcontroller sends an alert on a computing unit accessed by a caretaker of said user to allow said caretaker to provide medical assistance to said user.

2) The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said sensing module includes a gyro sensor and an accelerometer that works in collaboration for detecting said imbalanced condition of said user.

3) The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pressure sensor is configured with each of said bodies 101 that works in synchronization with said sensing module for detecting said imbalanced condition of said user based on uneven application of pressure by said user's foot over ground surface while walking.

4) The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein in case of absence of said fixed surface, said microcontroller actuates said hinges 106 for tilting and positioning said plates 105 in contact with said ground surface in view of providing said support to said user.

5) The device as claimed in claim 1 and 4, wherein each of said plates 105 are equipped with plurality of suction cups 112 for adhering said plates 105 in contact with said fixed surface/ground surface in a secured manner.

6) The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said bodies 101 are made from waterproof material to prevent water from entering said bodies 101.

7) The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein in case said microcontroller via an EMG (Electromyography) sensor installed with each of said bodies 101 detect inappropriate muscle activity of said user's leg muscles, said microcontroller actuates said hinges 106 for tilting and deploying said plates 105 to provide support to said user on said ground surface.

8) The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a GPS (Global Positioning System) module is installed with one of said bodies 101 for detecting real-time location of said user, which is displayed over said computing unit for allowing said caretaker to track said user.

9) The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said microcontroller is wirelessly linked with said computing unit via an IOT (Internet of Things)-based communication module which includes, but not limited to Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity), Bluetooth module, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) module.

10) The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a battery is associated with said device for supplying power to electrical and electronically operated components associated with said device.

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