SOLAR-POWERED WIRELESS CHARGING SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES

Abstract

Abstract The present invention discloses a solar power based wireless charging system for electric vehicles (EVs) that enables on-the-move charging. The system (1) utilizes solar panels (2) to charge a battery (3) via a charge controller, storing energy in the form of direct current (DC). This stored DC power is then converted to alternating current (AC) using a transformer (4) and regulated before being transmitted through copper coils embedded in the road. As an EV drives over these coils, energy is wirelessly transferred to a receiving coil mounted beneath the vehicle. The induced AC is converted back to DC using an AC to DC converter (10), enabling the EV battery to charge while in motion. The system also incorporates a microcontroller (9) to measure and display the input voltage on an LCD (8), providing real-time monitoring. This innovative approach to wireless EV charging offers a sustainable solution that can be integrated into road infrastructure, facilitating continuous and efficient energy transfer to electric vehicles.

Specification

Description:SOLAR-POWERED WIRELESS CHARGING SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES

Field of Invention
The present invention relates to the solar power-based charging system. More particularly, a solar-power based wireless charging system for electric vehicles (EVs) that enables on-the-move charging.

Background of the Invention
Charging systems for hybrid and electric vehicles are essential for powering the batteries of such vehicles, enabling them to operate efficiently. Both electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles require an EV charger to keep the battery full, just like any chargeable device or electronic. At its most basic, an EV charger pulls an electrical current from 240v power and delivers that electricity to the vehicle, just like any other appliance or device you charge by plugging into the wall.
The prior art related to the proposed solar-powered wireless charging system for electric vehicles (EVs) includes existing wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies and systems designed for static or quasi-dynamic EV charging. Research journals and conference proceedings, such as: "Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicles: Technology and Implementation" (IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2018): These works focus on dynamic charging systems where EVs can charge while in motion. However, the primary problem with these prior systems is their reliance on external power supplies, often requiring extensive grid connections and infrastructure, which limits their deployment in remote or off-grid areas.
Technical Drawback: One significant drawback of the prior art is the dependency on grid infrastructure, which makes these systems less suitable for deployment in remote locations where power availability is limited. This limitation can result in higher installation and operational costs, reduced system efficiency, and less flexibility in integrating renewable energy sources, such as solar power. The proposed invention overcomes this drawback by utilizing solar panels to generate power, making it independent of external grid connections and enhancing the system's sustainability and scalability.
US Patent No. 9,079,804: This patent describes a wireless power transfer system for EVs using inductive coupling. The system includes a primary coil embedded in the roadway and a secondary coil in the vehicle for energy transfer.
US Patent Application No. 2021/0273875: This application relates to an inductive charging system that uses both stationary and dynamic charging techniques to power electric vehicles.
Technical Drawback: One significant technical drawback of the prior art is the limited efficiency of energy transfer during dynamic charging. Many existing systems suffer from significant energy losses due to the gaps between the transmitter and receiver coils and misalignment issues. Additionally, some systems require complex infrastructure changes and external power sources, which can be costly and challenging to integrate into existing roadways.
The present invention addresses the following problems in prior art:
1. Long Charging Times: By enabling on-the-move charging, the system eliminates the need for vehicles to stop and wait during the recharging process. This addresses the issue of lengthy charging durations that typically require 1-3 hours.
2. Limited Availability of Charging Stations: The system's integration into road infrastructure means that vehicles can be charged continuously while driving, mitigating the problem of charging station availability in off-city and remote areas.
The present invention ensures that electric vehicles can receive power efficiently and sustainably without requiring frequent stops or relying on fixed charging locations.

Objectives of the Invention
The prime objective of the present invention is to provide a solar-power based wireless charging system for electric vehicles (EVs) that enables on-the-move charging.

Another object of this invention is to provide the solar-power based wireless charging system for electric vehicles (EVs) that involves integrating copper coils into roadways to wirelessly transfer energy to EVs as they drive, facilitating continuous charging without the need for stopping.
Another object of this invention is to provide the solar-power based wireless charging system for electric vehicles (EVs) where the system includes a transformer and regulator circuitry to convert stored DC power to AC for transmission, and then back to DC for charging the EV battery.
Another object of this invention is to provide the solar-power based wireless charging system for electric vehicles (EVs) where the system harnesses solar energy to power the entire charging process, reducing reliance on external power sources and promoting sustainability, the solar panels charge a battery, which stores energy for use in wireless transmission.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide the solar-power based wireless charging system for electric vehicles (EVs) where the system operates independently of external power sources, relying solely on solar energy and stored power, which enhances its versatility and applicability in remote or off-grid locations.
These and other objects of the present invention will be apparent from the drawings and descriptions herein. Every object of the invention is attained by at least one embodiment of the present invention.

Summary of the Invention
In one of the aspects of the invention, it provides the solar-power based wireless charging system for electric vehicles (EVs) that enables on-the-move charging, eliminating the need for vehicles to stop for recharging.
In one of the aspects of the present invention, the system comprises of a solar panel, battery, transformer, regulator circuitry, copper coils, AC to DC converter, microcontroller and LCD display to develop the system.
In another aspect of the invention, the charging system uses the microcontroller and LCD display to measure and display the input voltage in real-time, this feature provides immediate feedback and monitoring capabilities, enhancing system reliability and user experience.
Brief Description of Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Further objectives and advantages of this invention will be more apparent from the ensuing description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and wherein:
Figure 1 illustrates the block diagram according to preferred embodiment of the present invention.

DETAIL DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification which follow, the word "comprise" and variations thereof, such as, "comprises" and "comprising" are to be construed in an open, inclusive sense that is as "including, but not limited to".
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be noted that the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and/or" unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
The embodiments are in such detail as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

The headings and abstract of the invention provided herein are for convenience only and do not interpret the scope or meaning of the embodiments. Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
The present invention discloses a solar-power based wireless charging system for electric vehicles (EVs) that enables on-the-move charging. It involves integrating copper coils into roadways to wirelessly transfer energy to EVs as they drive, facilitating continuous charging without the need for stopping.
In describing the preferred embodiment of the present invention, reference will be made herein to like numerals refer to like features of the invention.
According to preferred embodiment of the invention, referring to Figure 1, the solar-power based wireless charging system (1) for electric vehicles (EVs) comprises of solar panel (2), battery (3), transformer (4), regulator (5), transmitter (6), receiver (7), display (8), microcontroller (9), AC to DC converter (10).
The microcontroller (9) is a highly versatile and widely used component in embedded systems and electronic projects. It serves as the brain of a system, controlling various functions by executing programmed instructions stored in its memory.
A battery (3) is a critical component in electrical and electronic systems, serving as a portable energy storage device that provides power to various devices and applications. It functions by converting stored chemical energy into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions, enabling devices to operate independently of a fixed power source.
A transformer (4) is an essential electrical device used to transfer electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. Its primary function is to change the voltage levels in an alternating current (AC) system, either stepping up (increasing) or stepping down (decreasing) the voltage as needed.
An AC to DC converter (10) converts an alternate signal into a direct current which can be used to drive electrical equipment.
A solar panel (2) is a key component in solar energy systems, responsible for converting sunlight into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect.
LCDs (8) are available to display arbitrary images (as in a general-purpose computer display) or fixed images with low information content.
Transmitter (6) and receiver (7) coils are essential components in wireless power transfer (WPT) systems, functioning as the primary means for transferring energy between two points without physical connections. The transmitter coil (6) generates an alternating magnetic field when an alternating current (AC) flows through it. This magnetic field then induces a corresponding current in the receiver coil, which is positioned nearby. The receiver coil (7) converts the magnetic energy back into electrical energy, which can be used to power or charge electronic devices. The efficiency of this energy transfer depends on the alignment, distance, and frequency between the coils.
A voltage regulator (5) is a crucial component in electronic circuits that ensures a stable and consistent output voltage, regardless of variations in input voltage or changes in load conditions.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the solar-power based wireless charging system (1) for electric vehicles (EVs) works in the following steps:
• The solar panel (2) is used to power the battery (3) through a charge controller;
• The battery (3) is charged and stores dc power, this DC power now needs to be converted to AC for transmission through AC to DC converter (10), for this purpose a transformer (6) is used;
• The power is converted to AC using transformer (6) and the regulated using regulator circuitry (5);
• This power is now used to power the copper coils that are used for wireless energy transmission, a copper coil is also mounted underneath the electric vehicle;
• When the vehicle is driven over the coil's energy is transmitted from the transmitter coil (6) to the receiver coil (7) of Electric Vehicle, (Please note the energy is still DC current that is induced into this coil);
• this DC power is used to convert again so that it can be used to charge the EV battery, an AC to DC conversion circuitry (10) is used to convert it back to DC current,
• Now the input voltage is measured using microcontroller (9) and display this on an LCD display (8);
Thus, the system (1) demonstrates a solar powered wireless charging system for electric vehicle that can be integrated in the road.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the solar-power based wireless charging system (1) for electric vehicles (EVs) can be charged while moving on road, eliminating the need to stop the vehicle for charging.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the solar-power based wireless charging system (1) for electric vehicles (EVs) has industrial application is its integration into public transportation networks. By embedding the charging coils within bus lanes or dedicated transport corridors, public buses equipped with receiving coils could continuously charge while in motion, reducing downtime and the need for frequent charging stops. It would support the broader adoption of electric public transport solutions by addressing key limitations associated with charging infrastructure.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the solar-power based wireless charging system (1) for electric vehicles (EVs) has following advantages:
1. On-the-Move Charging Capability: Unlike conventional charging systems that require vehicles to stop, this system allows EVs to charge while driving over embedded coils, providing continuous energy transfer without interrupting the vehicle's movement.
2. Integration with Road Infrastructure: The system is designed to be integrated into roadways, utilizing copper coils embedded in the road surface. This seamless integration allows for practical and widespread deployment in existing road networks.
3. Solar-Powered Operation: The system harnesses solar energy to power the entire charging process, reducing reliance on external power sources and promoting sustainability. Solar panels charge a battery, which stores energy for use in wireless transmission.
4. AC to DC Conversion for Efficient Transmission: The system includes a transformer and regulator circuitry to convert stored DC power to AC for transmission, and then back to DC for charging the EV battery. This dual conversion process ensures efficient energy transfer and compatibility with existing EV charging systems.
5. Real-Time Voltage Monitoring: A microcontroller measures and displays input voltage on an LCD, providing real-time monitoring of the system's performance and ensuring accurate and reliable operation.
6. Wireless Energy Transfer: Utilizing copper coils for wireless energy transmission eliminates the need for physical connections between the road and the vehicle, enhancing convenience and reducing wear and tear on both infrastructure and vehicles.
7. No External Power Supply Needed: The system operates independently of external power sources, relying solely on solar energy and stored power, which enhances its versatility and applicability in remote or off-grid locations.
Although a preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it will at once be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention includes advantages and features over and beyond the specific illustrated construction. Accordingly, it is intended that the scope of the invention be limited solely by the scope of the hereinafter appended claims, and not by the foregoing specification, when interpreted in light of the relevant prior art.

List of Reference Numbers

1. Solar-power based wireless charging system 2. Solar panel
3. Battery 4. Transformer
5. Regulator 6. Transmitter
7. Receiver 8. Display
9. Microcontroller 10. AC to DC converter


, Claims:We Claim;
1. A solar-power based wireless charging system (1) for electric vehicles (EVs) comprises of a solar panel (2), a battery (3), a transformer (4), a regulator (5), a transmitter (6), a receiver (7), a display (8), a microcontroller (9), and an AC to DC converter (10), wherein the system integrates the copper coils into roadways to wirelessly transfer energy to EVs as they drive.
2. The solar-power based wireless charging system (1) for electric vehicles (EVs) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system (1) ids integrated on the road for charging of the vehicles.
3. The solar-power based wireless charging system (1) for electric vehicles (EVs) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electric vehicles (EVs) get charged while moving on road, without stopping the vehicles.
4. The solar-power based wireless charging system (1) for electric vehicles (EVs), as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system works in the following steps:
• The solar panel (2) is used to power the battery (3) through a charge controller;
• The battery (3) is charged and stores DC power, this DC power now needs to be converted to AC for transmission through the AC to DC converter (10);
• The power is converted to AC using the transformer (6) and regulated using the regulator circuitry (5);
• This power is now used to power the copper coils that are used for wireless energy transmission, a copper coil is also mounted underneath the electric vehicle;
• When the vehicle is driven over the coil's energy is transmitted from the transmitter coil (6) to the receiver coil (7) of Electric Vehicle, (Please note the energy is still DC current that is induced into this coil);
• this DC power is used to convert again so that it can be used to charge the EV battery, the AC to DC conversion circuitry (10) is used to convert it back to DC current,
• Now the input voltage is measured using the microcontroller (9) and display this on the LCD display (8);

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