SMART MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE SEGREGATOR

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION The suggested smart solid waste segregator improves and automates trash segregation into three main categories: plastic, biological, and metal, using ultrasonic sensors. The system utilises an Arduino microcontroller to detect user approach. A servomotor opens the lid in reaction to sensor data, enabling touchless trash disposal. This hygienic design encourages cleaning and 10 reduces human connection. Including a three-dustbin system simplifies waste sorting even more, making recycling procedures easier and promoting appropriate disposal practices. In the end, this clever garbage segregator helps to manage waste in a sustainable way by reducing· the amount of waste that ends up in landfills, encouraging recyling programs, and encouraging eco-friendly behaviour in urban areas.

Specification

DESCRIPTION:
In order to effectively sort organic, inorganic, and metallic materials for
sustainable waste management, the smart municipal solid waste separator project
5 automates trash segregation using sensors, servo motors, and proximity sensing.
PRIOR ART AND BACKGROUND:
Comparative Study
1. US Patent no. US 1068854482 employs advanced waste conversion systems,
which is not simpler and cost-effective solution.
2. US Patent no. US1170228082 integrates multiple advanced sensors for detailed
waste monitoring, but not focusing on essential parameters for efficient waste
separation and cost reduction.
3. China Patent no. CN213942359U implements a kitchen waste recycling system
utilizing oil-water separation and filtration, but cannot be used for efficient waste
se·gregation in urban settings.
20 4. China Patent no. CN102189094B utilizes a multi-stage waste separation system
with gravity and cyclone separators for efficient sorting, which is not costeffective
solution for municipal areas.
5. US Patent no. US939356982 utilizes automated shredding and decontamination
for medical waste, but does not employ for effective waste segregation in urban
25 and municipal environments.
6. South Korea Patent no. KR20200068853A emphasizes advanced image
recognition and RFID technolqgy for waste classification, which is very complex
by comparing the process through mechanical sorting methods. ·
30 OBJECTIVE:
The objective is to provide a practical solution through an automated smart
municipal solid waste segregator specifically designed for efficient waste management
o in urban environments. This involves analyzing current solid waste management
35 challenges in Tamil Nadu's municipalities and implementing innovative waste
community awareness on proper waste segregation practices, promoting sustainability
at the municipal level. The system will focus on enhancing the efficiency of separating
municipal solid waste into categories like organic, plastic, and metallic.
5 SUMMARY:
(0004) Solid Waste Management (SWM) has become a crucial issue for many urban
local bodies (ULBs) in India due to rapid urbanization, industrialization, and economic
growth. As cities continue to expand, municipal solid waste (MSW) generation has
10 increased significantly, creating a challenge for effective waste management. The
complexity of addressing sustainable SWM is compounded by India's diverse religious
groups, cultures, and traditions. Currently, urban India generates about 62 million ton of
MSW annually, with approximately 43 million ton being collected. However, only 20% is
treated, while nearly 50% disposed of in landfills. With increasing economic growth and
15 changing consumption patterns, the annual MSW generation is expected to rise to 165
million ton by 2030. This project outlines various waste management strategies and
technologies employed to tackle this issue, focusing on waste segregation, disposal,
and innovative methods like smart waste bins.
DETAILED TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION:
(0005) The three primary categories of waste separated by the smart solid waste
segregator are plastic, biological, and metal, with the goal of enhancing waste
management. To automate and mo.nitor the segregation process, it makes use of
ultrasonic sensors that are installed
touch less waste disposal
in trash cans. The requirement for effective and
is met by this clever method.
The system features object detection using Arduino, with an ultrasonic sensor sensing
the approach of a person. Touchless and hygienic functioning is made possible by a
servomotor that opens the lid in response to a signal from the sensor to the Arduino
microcontroller. Upon disposing of the waste, the lid shuts automatically.
(0008) Clean waste disposal is ensured by this touchless method, which also promotes
oN cleanliness by minimising human interaction with the trash. The system is smart and
N> . responsive thanks to the ultrasonic sensors, which make it a useful tool for
To further expedite garbage sorting, the system uses a three-dustbin design in addition
to automation. Sorting waste into three categories-plastic, organic, and metallicmakes
recycling easier. This source-to-source separation reduces physical labour and
promotes ethical trash disposal.
[0009] In the end, this intelligent waste segregator encourages more sustainable and
environmentally friendly waste management techniques. It tackles the problems
associated with contemporary waste management by putting cutting-edge technology
into practice, promoting environmentally responsible behaviours, lessening the burden
1 o on landfills, and enhancing recycling initiatives.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING:
15 [001 OJ The Arduino Uno microcontroller functions as the central processing unit of the
smart waste segregation system. It is in charge of deciphering data from numerous
sensors and directing the servomotors to separate garbage into predetermined· groups.
The ATmega328P-based board has several digital and analogue inpuUoutput pins that
-enable the installation of actuators and sensors. For example, the servo motors that
20 physically sort the waste are triggered by inputs from sensors like the inductive
proximity sensor. An external power source, usually a 9V battery or USB connection,
powers the system. The allocated 5V and GND pins supply power to the Arduino board,
sensors, and servomotors, enabling the efficient operation of the waste segregation
components. This power source makes it possible for all of the eleCtronic components
25 to function together, which is essential for the system to operate consistently.
[0011] The system uses a variety of sensors to identify various trash categories. By
creating a magnetic field and alerting the microprocessor, the inductive proximity sensor
detects metallic objects and sorts the. metal trash correspondingly. In order to determine
how full the bins are, ultrasonic sensors measure the distance. They then send signals
30 to the Arduino to trigger waste collection alarms. Furthermore, organic trash is identified
by IR sensors by the use of infrared radiation emissions, which directs the
microcontroller to classify the_ garbage into the appropriate organic container.
[0012] Because they regulate the dustbin lids' opening and shutting, servo motors are
crucial to the operation of the system. PWM pins of the Arduino are attached to them,
enabling precise control. The Arduino generates signals to the servo motor that
· 5 corresponds to the type of waste-plastic, metallic, or organic-so that the motor
rotates and opens the . corresponding dustbin. The servo ensures hygiene and
minimises physical intervention by returning the .lid to its closed position when the trash
is disposed of. The circuit as a whole run smoothly because of its well-defined flow. The
sensors identify the sort of waste when it is placed close to the disposal device, and the
10 Arduino then processes this information. The appropriate bin is then opened by turning
on the corresponding servomotor. The motor closes the lid to prepare it for the
subsequent operation after the waste has been disposed of. The waste management
procedure is now much more hygienic and efficient thanks to this automated routine.

CLAIM:
1/WE Claim,
1. A smart waste segregation system, comprising:
a. An Arduino Uno microcontroller, 1 in Fig 1 for efficient control in smart waste
segregation;
b. Proximity sensor interfacing with the microcontroller for accurate waste
1 o detection and classification;
c. Servo motors, 2 in Fig 1 adapted for precise sorting of waste materials in
compact environments;
d. An automated control system enabling real-time data processing for optimal
sorting operations;
15 e. AC motors providing reliable power for conveyor systems in waste sorting
facilities;
f. A user-friendly interface for monitoring system status and performance metrics;
g. Integrated storage compartments for sorted waste to prevent overflow;
h. A power management system optimizing energy consumption during
20 operations;
L An alert system notifying operators of maintenance needs or operational issues;
j. Compatibility with mobile applications for remote monitoring and control;
2. For the system of claim 1, wherein the proximity sensors utilize advanced detection
algorithms for enhanced identification of recyclable materials.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the servo motors are programmed for variable
movement patterns to accommodate different waste types and sorting requirements.
4. The system of claim 1, further incorporating an efficient waste storage mechanism to
minimize overflow and enhance operational efficiency.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the microcontroller features real-time monitoring and
optimization capabilities for improved sorting accuracy and speed.
and monitoring.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the AC motors are equipped with overload protection
features to ensure safe and continuous operation.
8.' The system of claim 1, wherein the user interface includes customizable settings for
sorting criteria based on user preferences.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the automated control system integrates machine
learning algorithms for adaptive sorting strategies based on historical data.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the entire waste segregation process can be monitored through real time analytics, providing insights into waste types and volumes.

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