Sensor Based Compressive Dustbin

Abstract

The invention of this product is to compact the waste once it reaches a certain level inside the dustbin. To achieve this, an Ultrasonic Sensor (HC SR04) and a trash compactor have been utilized. The trash compactor and the Ultrasonic sensor are mounted on the top of the dustbin to detect if the waste has filled up to a certain limit. When the waste reaches this limit, the trash compactor is activated to compress the waste. Once the bin is full, a signal is sent to the user to empty the bin and the waste compression process is repeated until the sensor indicates that the dustbin is full. The Sensor-Based Compressive Dustbin has been successfully developed and tested.

Specification

Description:FIELD OF INVENTION
[001] The field of invention of sensor based compressive dustbin lies in waste management and environmental technology. It uses microcontrollers, sensors and actuators for waste management and waste disposal.
BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART
[002] Nowadays production of waste is increasing due to the rapid growth of urbanization. The overflow of waste from bins in the public places may lead to harmful diseases. To avoid all such hazardous scenarios and maintain public cleanliness and health this work is focused on a smart garbage system. One of the smart garbage system is a Sensor Based Compressive Dustbin. A sensor-based compressive dustbin is a type of waste bin that utilizes compression technology and sensors to compact and reduce the volume of trash. The main purpose of a sensor-based compressive dustbin is to increase the amount of waste that can be stored in a container. Sensor-based compressive dustbins use sensors to detect the level of waste in the bin and give a message to the user so that the waste can be manually compressed. Compressive dustbins are designed to compress waste materials, such as paper, plastic, cans, and other waste or recyclable materials.
[003] B. Raja Pandian, K. Madhanamohan, T. Tamilselvi, and R. Prithiga conducted an experiment on the Smart Dustbin, which uses an ultrasonic sensor to prevent garbage overflow and a gas sensor to detect bad odours. Their study found that the ultrasonic sensor accurately measures the amount of waste in the dustbin. When the waste exceeds a certain level, its status is reported to the local municipal authority. However, the dustbin's main limitation is that it lacks a compressor to compact the waste, potentially removing harmful substances and separating them from the rest of the waste.
[004] Mahesh Chandra Bhatt, Dharmendra Sharma, and Ashish Chauhan have developed a Smart dustbin with an ultrasonic sensor that notifies the user when the dustbin is full. The dustbin also features another ultrasonic sensor that automatically opens its lid when a person approaches. A third ultrasonic sensor, attached to the body of the dustbin, controls the movement of the lid and detects the waste up to its threshold point, alerting the user. Although this prototype uses ultrasonic sensors to open and detect the volume of waste, it lacks a compressor. Including a compressor could make this prototype more efficient by compressing the waste to create more space for storage.
[005] Anilkumar C.S and Suhas G have developed a smart dustbin equipped with an IR sensor, Bluetooth, an Android device, and a gas sensor. This Android application-controlled robot is connected to the device using a Bluetooth module and follows a path set by the user. The IR sensor is used to open the lid of the dustbin, and the gas sensor detects the presence of bad odors. The dustbin follows a user-defined path and sends a message to the designated person when it is full or when the odorous content is high. The prototype utilizes IR sensors to operate the lid instead of ultrasonic sensors and is controlled using an Android device. Similar to other prototypes, this one also does not use any compressors.
[006] Akshay Bandal, Pranay Nate, Rohan Manakar, and Rahul Powar proposed the idea of a smart dustbin. Whenever a person dumps waste in the bin, it displays a unique code that serves as the passcode to access free Wi-Fi. The dustbin is equipped with an ultrasonic sensor that checks whether it is full or not. This idea was proposed as it could contribute to the development of smart cities. However, the prototype has some limitations. Firstly, it only provides internet access at a speed of 100 mbps, which is relatively low compared to current standards. Additionally, since the Wi-Fi is open to everyone, there may be potential security threats such as hacking and exposure to harmful viruses for users' devices.
[007] After conducting prior art analysis of existing smart dustbins and their features, it has been noted that traditional techniques have some limitations. Conventional dustbins lack a waste compactor, which can potentially remove harmful substances and separate them from the rest of the waste. Therefore, the innovation in our developed model is the addition of a compressor to compact various waste materials such as paper, plastic, cans, and other recyclable materials in the smart dustbin. A prototype has been successfully developed and tested.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[008] Nowadays, the production of waste is increasing due to rapid urbanization. The overflow of waste from bins in public places may lead to harmful diseases. One type of smart garbage system is a Sensor-Based Compressive Dustbin. This type of waste bin utilizes compression technology and sensors to compact and reduce the volume of trash. The main purpose of a sensor-based compressive dustbin is to increase the amount of waste that can be stored in a container. Initially, a C code has been developed and this has been read by the Arduino Uno Board. Then a prototype of the Sensor-Based Compressive Dustbin has been developed using components like a dustbin, Arduino Uno Board, male and female wires, and an Ultrasonic Sensor (HC SR04). Compressive dustbins are designed to compress waste materials such as paper, plastic, cans, and other waste or recyclable materials. This could be achieved at a lower price for the dustbin.
BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF DRAWINGS:
[009] Figure 1- indicates the 2D CAD drawing of Sensor-Based Compressive Dustbin.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[010] The sensor based compressive dustbin is an innovative system that can reduce the volume of waste in the bin by the process of compression. It is built on a microcontroller - based platform such as an Arduino UNO board together with an ultrasonic sensor and an actuator(compressor). The ultrasonic sensor is attached just below the dustbin lid and the actuator and the Arduino board are attached to the top of the lid. Whenever the waste reaches its threshold limit the ultrasonic sensor sends signal to the Arduino board which in turn signals the actuator for automatic compression of the waste.
[011] HC SR04 - A sensor which can detect the distance of compressed trash. It sends out a sound wave from one terminal which goes back after colliding an object. Time of flight distance is calculated by (time/2)/29.1
[012] Arduino circuit board - A circuit board which is base of automation and uses C language to automate the opening and closing of lid and compression.
[013] Linear Actuator - A device which moves in a straight line. Used for compression process, can use up to 1500 N force and has low working temperature of -20oC to +63o C.
[014] Designed the code on how the sensor detects the distance of the compressed thrash. Once the trash is thrown, it compresses it, and the HC SR04 is activated, sends a signal and duration of flight of signal is calculated. Average is taken of three different signals. If the object is at a distance from the sensor, where n is total height of dustbin, then dustbin is considered full and light glows.
[015] Finally it concludes that a smart dustbin can be used in places where garbage collection is not simple. Since it houses a semi-automatic compressor that compresses trash, thereby increasing the dustbin's volume for usage. The trash can be stored in the dustbin for a few days before its emptied. , C , Claims:Claim 1-A semi-automatic compressor is developed to compresses trash, thereby increasing the dustbin's volume for usage.
Claim 2-A semi-automatic compressor as in claim 1, wherein said actuator is operated in accordance of the user.
Claim 3-A semi - automatic compressor as in claim 1, wherein the said actuator is attached to the top lid by means of a rivet.
Claim 4-A semi - automatic compressor as in claim 1, further comprising of a top layer covering of the lid made from stainless steel.
Claim 5-A semi - automatic compressor as in claim 2, wherein the said ultrasonic sensor is attached to the bottom of the lid, to measure the volume of the waste.

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