LOW MAINTENANCE TWO-WHEELED ELECTRIC VEHICLE

Abstract

LOW MAINTENANCE TWO-WHEELED ELECTRIC VEHICLE ABSTRACT A two-wheeled electric vehicle (100) is disclosed. The two-wheeled electric vehicle (100) includes a hub motor assembly (202) with a modular construction. The two-wheeled electric vehicle (100) includes a detachable rim system (204) that comprises a single-piece rim structure (128) configured for radial detachment from the hub motor assembly (202). The two-wheeled electric vehicle (100) further includes an ergonomic backrest assembly (214) comprising a bidirectional sliding mechanism configured to adjust a backrest position back and forth horizontally within a defined range for accommodating different rider torso lengths and an integrated rotation mechanism configured to adjust a backrest angle in a predefined range relative to a seat base for optimizing riding posture across different riding conditions without impacting load distribution on the single-piece rim structure. Furthermore, the two-wheeled electric vehicle (100) includes a predictive maintenance system (218) comprising multiple sensor arrays (220) for monitoring vehicle performance parameters. FIG. 1

Specification

Description:TECHNICAL FIELD
The present disclosure relates to two-wheeled electric vehicles designed to facilitate modular construction and ease of maintenance. Moreover, the present disclosure relates to systems and methods for predictive maintenance, ergonomic design elements, and improved serviceability of vehicle components.
BACKGROUND
Two-wheelers are increasingly becoming a preferred mode of transportation in urban and rural areas due to their mobility advantages and cost-effectiveness. However, maintenance costs remain a significant concern for two-wheeler owners, particularly in cases of component damage or regular servicing requirements.
In conventional electric two-wheelers, several design limitations contribute to elevated maintenance costs. One significant issue is the integration of the rim with the hub motor assembly. Current designs typically feature an integral rim-hub motor configuration, wherein damage to the rim necessitates the replacement of the entire wheel assembly, including the costly motor component. This design approach results in unnecessarily high replacement costs for what might be simple rim damage.
Storage compartments in existing two-wheelers also present maintenance challenges. Traditional front glove boxes are typically designed as integral parts of the front panel, usually constructed in two pieces, and offer limited repairability options. Similarly, utility boxes and body panels are often designed as separate components with minimal repair possibilities, requiring complete replacement when damaged.
The seating comfort system in current two-wheelers commonly employs fixed backrest designs, which not only limit adaptability to different rider preferences but also require complete replacement when damaged. This fixed design approach increases maintenance costs and reduces user comfort customization options.
Furthermore, current two-wheeler maintenance systems generally lack predictive capabilities. Without advanced data analytics and proactive maintenance alerts, vehicle owners often face unexpected breakdowns, leading to higher repair costs and increased vehicle downtime.
Therefore, there exists a need for an improved two-wheeler design that addresses these limitations while significantly reducing maintenance costs.
SUMMARY
The present disclosure provides a low-maintenance two-wheeled electric vehicle. The present disclosure provides a solution to the existing problem of how to enhance serviceability and reduce maintenance costs of the two-wheeled electric vehicle. An objective of the present disclosure is to provide a solution that overcomes at least partially the problems encountered in the prior art and provides an improved design that allows independent servicing of individual components without requiring the replacement of entire assemblies. Additionally, the solution offers a predictive maintenance system that monitors vehicle performance, enabling timely alerts and preventive servicing, thereby minimizing downtime and unexpected breakdowns.
One or more objectives of the present disclosure are achieved by the solutions provided in the enclosed independent claims. Advantageous implementations of the present disclosure are further defined in the dependent claims.
In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a two-wheeled electric vehicle. The two-wheeled electric vehicle includes a hub motor assembly with a modular construction. The two-wheeled electric vehicle further includes a detachable rim system that comprises a single-piece rim structure configured for radial detachment from the hub motor assembly. Further, the two-wheeled electric vehicle includes an ergonomic backrest assembly comprising a bidirectional sliding mechanism configured to adjust a backrest position back and forth horizontally within a defined range for accommodating different rider torso lengths and an integrated rotation mechanism configured to adjust a backrest angle in a predefined range relative to a seat base for optimizing riding posture across different riding conditions without impacting load distribution on the single-piece rim structure. Furthermore, the two-wheeled electric vehicle includes a predictive maintenance system comprising multiple sensor arrays for monitoring vehicle performance parameters.
The two-wheeled electric vehicle includes a hub motor assembly with modular construction, facilitating the integration of the detachable rim system. The hub motor assembly and the detachable rim system function dependently, with the radial detachment mechanism of the single-piece rim structure enabling independent servicing while ensuring precise alignment with the rotational axis hub motor of the hub motor assembly. The interconnection ensures that rim replacements or repairs can be performed without disrupting the operational integrity of the hub motor assembly, reducing maintenance complexity. Additionally, the hub motor assembly incorporates alignment guides and weather-sealed interfaces that work in tandem with the single-piece rim structure to prevent misalignment or environmental damage, ensuring consistent performance. The ergonomic backrest assembly further interacts with the hub motor assembly and the single-piece rim structure through a bidirectional sliding mechanism and rotational adjustment capability, allowing the backrest to adapt to different rider postures. The dynamic adjustment ensures optimal load distribution across the structure of the two-wheeled electric vehicle, accommodating shifts in rider position without affecting the motor's balance or rim alignment during movement. The design maintains rider comfort across varying conditions while preserving motor efficiency and vehicle stability. The predictive maintenance system, comprising multiple sensor arrays, enhances the interdependence of components the two-wheeled electric vehicle by monitoring parameters such as vibration patterns in the wheel assembly, backrest position and usage frequency, and load distribution across utility compartments. Data collected by the multiple sensor arrays is analysed to predict potential failures and optimize maintenance schedules. For instance, the predictive maintenance system ensures early detection of misalignment between the single piece rim structure and the hub motor assembly and generates alerts to avoid performance degradation. Furthermore, backrest movement data is analysed to prevent load imbalances that could affect wheel alignment or motor operation over time. The relationship among the hub motor assembly, the detachable rim system, the ergonomic backrest assembly, and the predictive maintenance system creates a seamless user experience, ensuring both operational efficiency and ease of maintenance.
It is to be appreciated that all the aforementioned implementation forms can be combined.
It has to be noted that all devices, elements, circuitry, units, and means described in the present application could be implemented in the software or hardware elements or any kind of combination thereof. All steps that are performed by the various entities described in the present application as well as the functionalities described to be performed by the various entities are intended to mean that the respective entity is adapted to or configured to perform the respective steps and functionalities. Even if, in the following description of specific embodiments, a specific functionality or step to be performed by external entities is not reflected in the description of a specific detailed element of that entity that performs that specific step or functionality, it should be clear for a skilled person that these methods and functionalities can be implemented in respective software or hardware elements or any kind of combination thereof. It will be appreciated that features of the present disclosure are susceptible to being combined in various combinations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
Additional aspects, advantages, features, and objects of the present disclosure would be made apparent from the drawings and the detailed description of the illustrative implementations construed in conjunction with the appended claims that follow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The summary above, as well as the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments, is better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. To illustrate the present disclosure, exemplary constructions of the disclosure are shown in the drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to specific methods and instrumentalities disclosed herein. Moreover, those in the art will understand that the drawings are not to scale. Wherever possible, elements have been indicated by identical numbers.
Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of example only, concerning the following diagrams wherein:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side view of a low-maintenance two-wheeled electric vehicle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a block diagram of the low-maintenance two-wheeled electric vehicle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In the accompanying drawings, an underlined number is employed to represent an item over which the underlined number is positioned or an item to which the underlined number is adjacent. A non-underlined number relates to an item identified by a line linking the non-underlined number to the item. When a number is non-underlined and accompanied by an associated arrow, the non-underlined number is used to identify a general item at which the arrow is pointing.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
The following detailed description illustrates embodiments of the present disclosure and ways in which they can be implemented. Although some modes of carrying out the present disclosure have been disclosed, those skilled in the art would recognize that other embodiments for carrying out or practicing the present disclosure are also possible.
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side view of a low-maintenance two-wheeled electric vehicle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. With reference to FIG. 1, there is shown a two-wheeled electric vehicle 100 designed for urban transportation and having low maintenance costs. The two-wheeled electric vehicle 100 includes the battery system 102, a seat 114 mounted on the top portion of a chassis 118 and located directly above the battery system 102 compartment. In some implementations, the seat 114 is securely fastened to the chassis 118 and rear support is connected to a backrest 116. In the illustrated embodiment, the backrest 116 is part of an ergonomic backrest assembly. The ergonomic backrest assembly provides the backrest 116 with a bidirectional sliding mechanism. The chassis 118 serves as the primary structural framework, forming the backbone of the backrest 116 to two-wheeled electric vehicle 100 and extending from front to rear. The battery system 102 is integrated into the chassis 118, with the seat 114 mounted directly above it on the top portion of the chassis 118. The seat 114 is secured through front mounting brackets to the chassis 118 and includes rear support that connects to the backrest 116. The seat 114 and the backrest 116 are securely fastened to the chassis 118 for stability and safety.
The backrest 116 is connected to the rear portion of seat 114 and is supported by vertical frame members that attach to the rear chassis structure, ensuring proper rider support and comfort. At the front of the two-wheeled electric vehicle 100, the handlebar assembly 122 connects to the chassis 118 through a head tube and steering column. A front mirror 124 attaches directly to a handlebar assembly 122, clamped or bolted in place and positioned for optimal visibility. A modular front storage system is mounted to the upper portion of the handlebar assembly 122 and the front section of the two-wheeled electric vehicle 100, secured through mounting brackets and a support structure. Further, the chassis 118 is connected to a single-wall construction utility box 130 in proximity to the battery system 102.
The ground engaging members 120 connect to the chassis 118 at multiple locations. The ground engaging members 120, in this case two wheels, are mounted to the chassis 118 by a suspension system. The suspension system may include suspension springs, forks, shock absorbers, and the like for mobility of the two-wheeled electric vehicle 100 relative to the road surface. In the illustrated embodiment, each of the two wheels includes a single-piece rim structure 128. The single-piece rim structure 128 is part of a detachable rim system.
The two-wheeled electric vehicle 100 includes an electric powertrain for the production and transmission of motive power. The electric powertrain includes an electric motor connected to a power source. The electric powertrain may further include a controller, drive shaft, and other known drive components for transmission of motive power from the electric motor to the ground engaging members 120. It should be appreciated that while this embodiment describes a two-wheeled electric vehicle 100, the principles of the battery system 102 may be applied to various types of electric vehicles, including but not limited to electric scooters, electric motorcycles, and other light electric vehicles designed for urban mobility.
The battery system 102 is a comprehensive assembly of interconnected components designed to store, manage, and distribute electrical energy to power a device or vehicle. The battery system 102 typically includes the battery pack for energy storage, a housing that holds the battery system 102 securely, and mechanisms such as hinges and locks to facilitate easy access and replacement. The battery system 102 may also feature electrical connectors for seamless energy transfer and safety interlocks to prevent accidental removal or disconnection during operation.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a block diagram for the two-wheeled electric vehicle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is described in conjunction with elements from FIG.1. With reference to FIG. 2, there is shown a block diagram 200 for the two-wheeled electric vehicle 100. The two-wheeled electric vehicle 100 includes a hub motor assembly 202. The hub motor assembly 202 includes a detachable rim system 204 that comprises the single-piece rim structure 128 configured for radial detachment from the hub motor assembly 202. The detachable rim system 204 further includes a circumferential tire support surface 206, radially oriented quick-release fasteners 208, precision alignment elements 210, and weather-sealed interfaces 212.
The two-wheeled electric vehicle 100 further includes an ergonomic backrest assembly 214 comprising a bidirectional sliding mechanism configured to adjust a backrest 116 position back and forth horizontally within a defined range for accommodating different rider torso lengths and an integrated rotation mechanism configured to adjust a backrest angle in a predefined range relative to a seat base for optimizing riding posture across different riding conditions without impacting load distribution on the single-piece rim structure 128. The two-wheeled electric vehicle 100 further includes a serviceable utility storage system 216, including the single-wall construction utility box 130. The two-wheeled electric vehicle 100 further includes the modular front storage system 126 having a unitary sheet metal front trunk with integrated mounting elements and removable fastening mechanisms enabling independent trunk replacement. Furthermore, the two-wheeled electric vehicle 100 further includes a predictive maintenance system 218 including multiple sensor arrays 220 and a controller 222.
The hub motor assembly 202 refers to a modular, self-contained hub motor integrated directly into a wheel hub of the two-wheeled electric vehicle 100. The hub motor eliminates the need for traditional drive chains or belts by delivering power directly to the wheel, ensuring smoother operation and reducing maintenance.
The detachable rim system 204 refers to an arrangement of different components that allows easy radial attachment and detachment of the rim from the hub motor assembly using quick-release fasteners. The detachable rim system 204 features precision alignment elements for correct positioning and weather-sealed interfaces to protect electrical components, simplifying maintenance while preserving wheel balance and motor efficiency.
The circumferential tire support surface 206 refers to the part of the rim that provides a continuous, rounded platform for securely mounting the tire. This surface ensures uniform distribution of the tire's load during operation, contributing to the overall stability and performance of the hub motor assembly 202.
The radially oriented quick-release fasteners 208 refers to a set of fasteners arranged in a circular pattern around the rim and allow for quick and easy attachment or removal of the rim from the hub motor assembly 202. The radial configuration of the radially oriented quick-release fasteners 208 enables efficient, tool-minimal maintenance, simplifying the process of replacing or servicing the rim without affecting the hub motor.
The precision alignment elements 210 refer to components designed to guide the rim into correct positions during installation. The precision alignment elements 210 ensure that the rim is mounted concentrically with the hub motor, preventing misalignment, and maintaining proper wheel balance.
The weather-sealed interfaces 212 refer to protective components designed to shield electrical and mechanical connections in the hub motor assembly 202 from environmental factors such as water, dust, and debris. The weather-sealed interfaces 212 prevent moisture and contaminants from reaching the hub motor and other sensitive parts, helping to maintain operational integrity, reduce corrosion, and extend the lifespan of the hub motor assembly 202.
The ergonomic backrest assembly 214 refers to a modular and adjustable backrest system designed to enhance rider comfort and flexibility. It can be configured to move forward or backward, catering to individual rider preferences, and supporting both the main rider and pillion passengers. The modular nature of the backrest allows for easy detachment, replacement, or customization, making it suitable for various use cases, including solo riding or carrying a passenger.
The serviceable utility storage system 216 refers to a modular and easily maintainable storage compartment integrated into the two-wheeled electric vehicle 100. The serviceable utility storage system 216 is designed to provide convenient storage while also being repairable or replaceable independently of the surrounding vehicle body. The serviceable utility storage system 216 may be detached or replaced if damaged, minimizing downtime and maintenance costs. The serviceable utility storage system 216 design allows quick access for servicing or upgrades without requiring significant labour, supporting long-term use.
The predictive maintenance system 218 refers to an integrated system designed to monitor the real-time condition and performance of key vehicle components. Utilizing data analytics, sensors, and algorithms, it anticipates potential failures or maintenance needs, ensuring proactive intervention to prevent unexpected breakdowns. The predictive maintenance system 218 tracks various parameters, including wear and tear of parts such as rims, powertrains, and utility boxes, along with battery health and rider usage patterns. Through this continuous monitoring, it generates alerts and service reminders via a dashboard or mobile app, guiding users to perform timely maintenance.
The multiple sensor arrays 220 refer to a network of sensors strategically integrated throughout the two-wheeled electric vehicle 100 to collect real-time data on various operational parameters. The multiple sensor arrays 220 track essential parameters such as temperature, pressure, speed, battery status, tire conditions, and environmental factors.
The controller 222 refers to an advanced electronic processing unit that functions as the central intelligence of the predictive maintenance system 218. The controller 222 continuously analyses real-time data from the multiple sensor arrays 220 distributed throughout the two-wheeled electric vehicle 100 using machine learning algorithms.:
In operations, when a rider 224 approaches the vehicle, the rider 224 initiates the power system, triggering the controller 222 of the predictive maintenance system 218 to perform comprehensive diagnostics. The comprehensive diagnostics include verifying battery status, checking system readiness, assessing component health, and confirming safety parameters. Once these checks are complete, the rider can access the modular front storage system 126 and serviceable utility storage system 216. The single-wall construction utility box 130 features tool-free access mechanisms, while the modular front storage system 126 actively monitors load distribution and maintains optimal vehicle balance through integrated sensors. The rider 224 then customizes the backrest position using the ergonomic adjustment features. The bidirectional sliding mechanism allows horizontal position adjustment for different torso lengths, while the integrated rotation mechanism enables angular adjustments for optimal posture. The system verifies comfort parameters and stores these settings in its position memory, with a single action locking system securing both sliding and rotational positions simultaneously.
Further, the hub motor assembly 202 responds to inputs of rider 224 by delivering controlled power through the detachable rim system 204. The detachable rim system 204 ensures stable power transfer while maintaining precise alignment through its precision alignment elements 210 and weather-sealed interfaces 212. The ergonomic backrest assembly 214 continuously maintains the preferred position of the rider 224 while adapting to dynamic riding conditions, ensuring consistent support and comfort throughout the journey. The ergonomic backrest assembly 214 employs a sophisticated combination of mechanical and electronic systems to provide optimal rider comfort. The precision linear guide rails facilitate smooth horizontal motion through ball-bearing carriages running on hardened steel surfaces. The precision linear guide rails incorporate integrated stops to define the movement range while maintaining perfect alignment during vehicle motion. The integrated position memory system actively absorbs vibrations and prevents binding during adjustments, ensuring consistent movement resistance throughout its operation. The integrated position memory system adds intelligence to the mechanical foundation, and electronic sensors continuously detect and store position settings, enabling the predictive maintenance system 218 to record and maintain rider preferences.
Further, the user-adjustable tension control system provides dynamic support through a variable pressure adjustment mechanism. Spring-loaded support elements and multi-point tension adjustment capabilities work in concert with force distribution controls to adapt to the weight of the rider 224 and compensate for varying riding conditions.
Furthermore, supporting the integrated position memory system and user-adjustable tension control are maintenance-free bearing surfaces constructed with self-lubricating materials and sealed bearing units. The wear-resistant surfaces and protected pivot points ensure consistent, smooth operation while minimizing friction. The design approach of the two-wheeled electric vehicle 100 significantly extends service life while eliminating routine maintenance requirements. During normal riding, the integrated operation of the ergonomic backrest assembly 214 maintains consistent comfort through multiple mechanisms. The precision linear guide rails preserve horizontal alignment while the bearings ensure smooth movement, and the tension system provides steady support as the integrated position memory system maintains preferred settings. The ergonomic backrest assembly 214 actively responds to road conditions by absorbing vibrations, adjusting to rider movement, maintaining optimal support angles, and compensating for load changes. The comfort optimization features of the predictive maintenance system 218 include real-time position monitoring, continuous support pressure regulation, and active vibration dampening. Weather-sealed components, protected mechanisms, and self-maintaining surfaces ensure long-term durability and reliable operation in various environmental conditions. The comprehensive integration of these features delivers multiple benefits: enhanced comfort through precise position control and consistent support, improved durability via maintenance-free components and protected mechanisms, and operational efficiency through quick adjustments and reliable operation.
During prediction analysis, the multiple sensor arrays 220 continuously monitor various parameters including riding style, usage patterns, comfort levels, and component performance. The controller 222 processes this data in real-time, adapting vehicle response characteristics to optimize performance and ensure safety. The vehicle response characteristics includes customizing power delivery, adjusting comfort parameters, and maintaining optimal operational efficiency based on rider behaviour and preferences. The system employs predictive maintenance algorithms to analyse component wear patterns and usage data, generating timely maintenance alerts and service recommendations. The controller 222 specifically monitors wheel assembly vibration patterns, storage compartment load distribution, backrest position usage, and thermal conditions across critical components to detect anomalies and predict potential failures. Based on the data analysis, The controller 222 generates predictive maintenance alerts and optimizes service scheduling, enabling proactive maintenance interventions before critical failures occur, thereby reducing maintenance costs and enhancing vehicle reliability. The controller 222 accomplishes the through real-time monitoring, pattern recognition, component health prediction, and automated alert generation capabilities, creating a comprehensive vehicle health management system. Active protection features include continuous monitoring of component health, performance parameters, and safety thresholds. Weather-sealed interfaces protect critical components while ensuring reliable operation in various environmental conditions. The system generates preventive maintenance notifications based on actual usage patterns and component wear predictions, optimizing service timing, and reducing maintenance costs. The comprehensive approach results in extended component life, sustained performance, and enhanced reliability over the vehicle's operational lifetime. By operating together, the multiple sensor arrays 220 deliver comprehensive insights into the health and performance of the vehicle's components, supplying data to systems like the predictive maintenance system 218. This enables accurate detection of wear, faults, or irregularities. Furthermore, the sensor arrays enhance safety features, optimize performance, and provide user feedback by triggering alerts or adjustments based on the conditions they detect.
The predictive maintenance system 218 employs sophisticated vibration sensors strategically placed around the hub motor assembly 202 and detachable rim system 204. The sensors continuously monitor vibration patterns, detecting subtle changes that might indicate developing issues. During normal operation, the sensors analyse frequency patterns to identify early signs of bearing wear, rim misalignment, or potential imbalances. The system establishes baseline vibration signatures for optimal performance and continuously compares real-time data against these benchmarks. When variations exceed predetermined thresholds, the system alerts the controller 222 for predictive maintenance analysis. Load sensors integrated within the modular front storage system 126 and serviceable utility storage system 216 provide real-time monitoring of weight distribution and stress patterns. The predictive maintenance system 218 tracks how loads are distributed across mounting points, analysing stress concentrations and load variations during different riding conditions. The sensors work in concert to ensure that storage usage remains within design parameters, preventing structural fatigue and potential mounting point failures. The system actively monitors load patterns during vehicle operation, detecting any unusual stress distributions that might indicate mounting wear or structural concerns. The ergonomic backrest assembly 214 incorporates position sensors that track both the frequency and patterns of adjustments. These sensors monitor the bidirectional sliding mechanism's movement and the integrated rotation mechanism's angular positions. The system learns rider preferences over time, creating usage profiles that help predict component wear patterns. It analyses the stress on bearing surfaces, monitors the effectiveness of the locking mechanisms, and tracks the performance of the position memory system. This comprehensive monitoring helps maintain optimal comfort while predicting maintenance needs for the backrest's mechanical components. Temperature sensors distributed across critical components provide continuous thermal mapping of the vehicle's operating conditions. These sensors monitor heat patterns in the hub motor assembly 202, electronic control systems, and high-stress mechanical components. The system establishes normal operating temperature ranges for different riding conditions and alerts the controller 222 when thermal patterns indicate potential issues. This thermal monitoring is crucial for preventing overheating-related failures and optimizing component performance. All the monitoring systems feed data to the controller 222, which uses advanced algorithms to analyse the information holistically. The controller correlates data from different sensor networks to build a comprehensive picture of vehicle health. For example, it might identify how load distribution in storage compartments affects hub motor assembly 202 vibration patterns or how backrest usage patterns impact overall vehicle balance. The controller 222 processes this multi-source data using machine learning algorithms to identify trends and patterns that might indicate developing issues. The controller 222 It generates maintenance alerts based on actual usage patterns rather than fixed schedules, considering factors for example, frequency and severity of vibration anomalies, load stress patterns and durations, component usage intensity and patterns, thermal stress frequency and duration.
Modifications to embodiments of the present disclosure described in the foregoing are possible without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the accompanying claims. Expressions such as "including", "comprising", "incorporating", "have", and "is" used to describe, and claim the present disclosure are intended to be construed in a non-exclusive manner, namely allowing for items, components, or elements not explicitly described also to be present. Reference to the singular is also to be construed to relate to the plural. The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration". Any embodiment described as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or to exclude the incorporation of features from other embodiments. The word "optionally" is used herein to mean "is provided in some embodiments and not provided in other embodiments". It is appreciated that certain features of the present disclosure, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention, which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable combination or as suitable in any other described embodiment of the disclosure.
 
, Claims:CLAIMS
We Claim:
1. A two-wheeled electric vehicle (100) comprising:
a hub motor assembly (202) with a modular construction;
a detachable rim system (204) that comprises a single-piece rim structure (128) configured for radial detachment from the hub motor assembly (202);
an ergonomic backrest assembly (214) comprising a bidirectional sliding mechanism configured to adjust a backrest position back and forth horizontally within a defined range for accommodating different rider torso lengths and an integrated rotation mechanism configured to adjust a backrest angle in a predefined range relative to a seat base for optimizing riding posture across different riding conditions without impacting load distribution on the single-piece rim structure; and
a predictive maintenance system (218) comprising multiple sensor arrays (220) for monitoring vehicle performance parameters.
2. The two-wheeled electric vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detachable rim system (204) comprises a quick-release coupling mechanism enabling rim replacement independent of any disassembly of the hub motor assembly (202).
3. The two-wheeled electric vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detachable rim system (204) further comprises:
a circumferential tire support surface (206) to provide a secure mounting surface for a tire as well as to distribute load evenly around the rim;
radially oriented quick-release fasteners (208) to facilitate single-direction rim removal and re-installation through a tool-minimal coupling mechanism to maintain position integrity of the hub motor assembly (202) while enabling independent rim serviceability;
precision alignment elements (210) to guide rim into a predefined position during installation such that concentric mounting is executed with a hub motor of the hub motor assembly (202), and
weather-sealed interfaces (212) configured to implement a maintenance-reducing protection system that shields hub motor electrical components and contact points of the hub motor assembly from environmental exposure while preserving operational integrity.
4. The two-wheeled electric vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, comprises a modular front storage system (126) having a unitary sheet metal front trunk with integrated mounting elements and removable fastening mechanisms enabling independent trunk replacement.
5. The two-wheeled electric vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, comprises a serviceable utility storage system (216) that comprises a single-wall construction utility box (130), reinforced mounting points for secure attachment, and tool-free removal mechanisms for easy serviceability.
6. The two-wheeled electric vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 5, wherein the serviceable utility storage system (216) has an impact-resistant single-piece construction with integrated water management channels, quick-disconnect mounting interfaces, and defined mounting points enabling future upgrades.
7. The two-wheeled electric vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ergonomic backrest assembly (214) further includes a single-action locking system securing both sliding and rotational positions or adjustments.
8. The two-wheeled vehicle as claimed (100) in claim 1, wherein the ergonomic backrest assembly (214) comprises precision linear guide rails supporting smooth adjustment; integrated position memory system; user-adjustable tension control; and maintenance-free bearing surfaces.
9. The two-wheeled electric vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the predictive maintenance system (218) comprises distributed sensor networks monitoring: wheel assembly vibration patterns; storage compartment load distribution; backrest position and usage patterns; and thermal conditions across critical components.
10. The two-wheeled electric vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the predictive maintenance system (218) further comprises a controller (222) configured to:
analyze real-time performance data;
predict potential component failures;
generate preventive maintenance alerts; and
optimize maintenance scheduling.

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