LIGATION APPARATUS WITH TUBULAR CONDUIT AND AIRFLOW-CONTROLLED ACTUATOR

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a lightning protection apparatus (100) for a ship, comprising a dome-shaped member (102) having a central aperture (104), wherein said dome-shaped member (102) secures an electric pole (106). A lightning rod (108) is positioned within said central aperture (104) and is configured with a height-adjustment unit. A sensor array (110) is disposed on said dome-shaped member (102), wherein said sensor array (110) detects atmospheric changes. A ground conductor (112) extends from said lightning rod (108) and is coupled to said electric pole (106). A control unit (114) is operatively connected to said sensor array (110), wherein said control unit (114) adjusts the height of said lightning rod (108) based on data received from said sensor array (110). Dated 11 November 2024 Jigneshbhai Mungalpara IN/PA- 2640 Agent for the Applicant

Specification

Description:Ligation Apparatus with Tubular Conduit and Airflow-Controlled Actuator
Field of the Invention
[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to lightning protection systems. Further, the present disclosure particularly relates to a lightning protection apparatus for a ship.
[0001]
Background
[0002] The background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[0003] In recent years, there has been an increased focus on ensuring the safety of marine vessels, particularly large ships. Lightning strikes pose a significant risk to the structural integrity and electronic systems of such vessels. Severe lightning strikes can lead to disruptions of electrical systems, damage to equipment, and, in extreme cases, structural harm to the vessel. To mitigate these risks, systems have been developed that employ mechanisms to channel lightning strikes away from sensitive areas on ships. Such systems aim to reduce the risks associated with high-voltage strikes and prevent damage that could compromise the safety of the vessel and its crew. However, various methods currently employed for lightning protection lack adaptive capabilities, resulting in an inability to optimally respond to changes in atmospheric conditions.
[0004] One well-known method to protect ships from lightning involves installing a fixed lightning rod on the highest point of the vessel. Such a lightning rod is typically connected to the grounding system of the ship to channel high-voltage currents away from critical areas. However, this conventional method lacks adaptability, as the lightning rod remains in a fixed position and height. Consequently, under varying atmospheric conditions, such as during an approaching storm, fixed lightning rods cannot effectively respond to changes in the likelihood of lightning strikes. Moreover, the fixed height of the lightning rod may not always optimize protection against strikes, particularly in cases where adjustments based on atmospheric changes could provide enhanced safety.
[0005] Another method commonly utilized for lightning protection in marine vessels includes integrating sensor arrays to monitor atmospheric conditions. Such sensor arrays often detect changes in humidity, pressure, and electric field intensities that indicate a higher probability of lightning events. However, these sensor arrays typically operate independently of the lightning rods and cannot interact with the lightning rod's position. As a result, despite the capability of detecting atmospheric changes, conventional systems do not provide a mechanism to adjust the height of the lightning rod based on real-time atmospheric data. Therefore, the lack of integration between sensor arrays and lightning rods results in limited responsiveness to changing atmospheric conditions, diminishing the overall effectiveness of the lightning protection system.
[0006] Furthermore, other systems exist that attempt to use height-adjustable lightning rods. Such systems typically employ mechanical or manual adjustment methods to modify the height of the lightning rod based on environmental factors. However, these systems often require manual intervention, making them less responsive in emergency situations, and they lack the automation necessary to make real-time adjustments. Additionally, mechanical adjustment methods may not respond swiftly to sudden atmospheric changes, which is particularly critical when storms approach rapidly. Such limitations contribute to suboptimal protection of the ship and expose it to higher risks of lightning damage.
[0007] In light of the above discussion, there exists an urgent need for solutions that overcome the problems associated with conventional systems and/or techniques for protecting marine vessels against lightning strikes.
[0008] All references, including publications, patent applications, and patents, cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each reference were individually and specifically indicated to be incorporated by reference and were set forth in its entirety herein.
[0009] It also shall be noted that as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. This invention can be achieved by means of hardware including several different elements or by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims that list several means, several ones among these means can be specifically embodied in the same hardware item. The use of such words as first, second, third does not represent any order, which can be simply explained as names.
Summary
[00010] The following presents a simplified summary of various aspects of this disclosure in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements nor delineate the scope of such aspects. Its purpose is to present some concepts of this disclosure in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[00011] The following paragraphs provide additional support for the claims of the subject application.
[00012] The present disclosure generally relates to lightning protection systems. Further, the present disclosure particularly relates to a lightning protection apparatus for a ship.
[00013]
[00014] In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a lightning protection apparatus for a ship, comprising a dome-shaped member with a central aperture, wherein the dome-shaped member secures an electric pole. A lightning rod is positioned within the central aperture and configured with a height-adjustment unit. A sensor array is disposed on the dome-shaped member to detect atmospheric changes, while a ground conductor extends from the lightning rod and is coupled to the electric pole. A control unit is operatively connected to the sensor array and adjusts the height of the lightning rod based on data received from the sensor array.
[00015] The electric pole is positioned to engage the dome-shaped member at an oblique angle, creating a resilient linkage that enhances structural stability against lateral forces. The lightning rod is axially aligned with the electric pole through the height-adjustment unit, which provides optimal vertical reach, thus facilitating early detection and redirection of lightning. The sensor array is equidistantly arranged around the central aperture in a radial configuration, achieving uniform atmospheric monitoring and enhancing data accuracy.
[00016] Further, the ground conductor overlaps with the dome-shaped member to provide an efficient discharge path, minimizing electromagnetic interference between the electric pole and the control unit, thereby enabling uninterrupted operational control. The control unit is concentrically positioned relative to the dome-shaped member, streamlining data transfer from the sensor array and maintaining structural alignment with the lightning rod, thereby enhancing operational integrity in varying atmospheric conditions.
[00017] The lightning rod includes a secondary shielding layer along its length to dissipate excess electrical charge, thereby protecting against erosion due to repeated strikes. The sensor array further comprises pressure sensors positioned to detect air pressure variations around the central aperture, transmitting pressure data to the control unit, thereby enabling dynamic adjustment of the lightning rod in anticipated lightning-prone conditions. The ground conductor includes a corrosion-resistant coating to maintain conductivity and extend operational lifespan in marine environments. Additionally, the control unit comprises a memory unit that stores predefined atmospheric threshold data, allowing immediate elevation adjustments of the lightning rod when sensed conditions surpass stored thresholds, thereby increasing preemptive lightning mitigation.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[00018] The features and advantages of the present disclosure would be more clearly understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
[00019] FIG. 1 illustrates a lightning protection apparatus (100) for a ship, in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 illustrates a sequence diagram for a lightning protection apparatus 100 designed for a ship, detailing the interaction and functional sequence between the components in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
[00020] In the following detailed description of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which is shown, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. In the drawings, like numerals describe substantially similar components throughout the several views. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to claim those skilled in the art to practice the invention. Other embodiments may be utilized and structural, logical, and electrical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined only by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
[00021] The use of the terms "a" and "an" and "the" and "at least one" and similar referents in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. The use of the term "at least one" followed by a list of one or more items (for example, "at least one of A and B") is to be construed to mean one item selected from the listed items (A or B) or any combination of two or more of the listed items (A and B), unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. The terms "comprising," "having," "including," and "containing" are to be construed as open-ended terms (i.e., meaning "including, but not limited to,") unless otherwise noted. Recitation of ranges of values herein are merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range, unless otherwise indicated herein, and each separate value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., "such as") provided herein, is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of the invention.
[00022] Pursuant to the "Detailed Description" section herein, whenever an element is explicitly associated with a specific numeral for the first time, such association shall be deemed consistent and applicable throughout the entirety of the "Detailed Description" section, unless otherwise expressly stated or contradicted by the context.
[00023] The present disclosure generally relates to lightning protection systems. Further, the present disclosure particularly relates to a lightning protection apparatus for a ship.
[00024]
[00025] Pursuant to the "Detailed Description" section herein, whenever an element is explicitly associated with a specific numeral for the first time, such association shall be deemed consistent and applicable throughout the entirety of the "Detailed Description" section, unless otherwise expressly stated or contradicted by the context.
[00026] As used herein, the term "lightning protection apparatus" refers to any apparatus specifically designed for protecting marine vessels from lightning strikes by effectively channeling and grounding high-voltage currents. This includes apparatuses that employ components such as lightning rods, grounding conductors, sensor arrays, and control units, which work in unison to detect atmospheric changes, adjust lightning rod positioning, and safely direct lightning currents away from critical areas of the vessel. Additionally, it is to be understood that the "lightning protection apparatus" includes apparatuses that may incorporate automated height-adjustment mechanisms for the lightning rod, sensor arrays for monitoring environmental conditions, and a central control unit for processing data and adjusting components based on detected atmospheric parameters. Such an apparatus may be installed on various types of ships, including commercial vessels, passenger liners, and military ships, each requiring enhanced lightning protection to maintain operational safety and prevent damage to both electronic and structural components.
[00027] As used herein, the term "dome-shaped member" refers to a structural component in the form of a dome, which is designed to secure an electric pole and provide a stable base for the apparatus. The dome-shaped member includes a central aperture through which the lightning rod is positioned and may serve as a mounting structure for additional components, such as the sensor array. Additionally, it is to be understood that the "dome-shaped member" is typically constructed from electrically non-conductive materials to prevent interference with the lightning current and to isolate the apparatus's components from the grounded pole. The dome-shaped member may be positioned at an elevated point on the ship, ensuring optimal placement of the lightning rod and sensor array for effective lightning detection and redirection. Such positioning enables the apparatus to withstand various atmospheric conditions while maintaining structural integrity against lateral forces from wind and weather.
[00028] As used herein, the term "central aperture" refers to an opening positioned centrally within the dome-shaped member, through which the lightning rod is inserted. The central aperture provides a passageway that allows the lightning rod to extend vertically while being supported by the dome-shaped member. Additionally, it is to be understood that the "central aperture" facilitates secure positioning of the lightning rod and alignment with the electric pole, ensuring that the rod can be adjusted in height without compromising stability. The central aperture may also allow the integration of sealing elements to protect the internal components of the apparatus from exposure to water and other environmental elements. By enabling the placement of the lightning rod within a centralized and aligned position, the central aperture enhances the apparatus's capability to effectively detect and redirect lightning strikes.
[00029] As used herein, the term "electric pole" refers to a structural support member designed to engage with the dome-shaped member and secure the lightning rod in an upright position. The electric pole serves as a conduit for grounding the lightning rod and is typically constructed from conductive materials capable of safely channeling high-voltage currents to the ground conductor. Additionally, it is to be understood that the "electric pole" is positioned at an oblique angle relative to the dome-shaped member, creating a structurally resilient linkage that enhances stability against lateral forces exerted by atmospheric conditions. The electric pole may be coated or treated to withstand marine environments, thereby ensuring durability and maintaining grounding efficiency. Such a configuration allows the electric pole to provide support and grounding functions critical to the operation of the lightning protection apparatus on a ship.
[00030] As used herein, the term "lightning rod" refers to a conductive rod positioned within the central aperture of the dome-shaped member, designed to attract and intercept lightning strikes. The lightning rod includes a height-adjustment unit that enables its vertical positioning to be modified based on detected atmospheric conditions, enhancing its exposure for early lightning detection and redirection. Additionally, it is to be understood that the "lightning rod" may be axially aligned with the electric pole, providing optimal structural alignment and facilitating maximum atmospheric exposure. In some embodiments, the lightning rod includes a secondary shielding layer along its length, offering an additional resistive barrier to dissipate excess electrical charge and protect against erosion from repeated strikes. This alignment and adjustability allow the lightning rod to efficiently attract lightning discharges, thereby minimizing the risk of damage to the ship.
[00031] As used herein, the term "sensor array" refers to an array of sensors disposed on the dome-shaped member to monitor atmospheric changes, such as electrical field intensity, air pressure, and humidity. The sensor array detects variations in environmental conditions that may indicate an increased likelihood of lightning strikes. Additionally, it is to be understood that the "sensor array" may be arranged equidistantly around the central aperture, forming a radial configuration with respect to the lightning rod, which enhances uniform monitoring and data accuracy. The sensor array may include specialized sensors, such as pressure sensors, that transmit atmospheric data to the control unit for real-time adjustment of the lightning rod. This configuration allows the sensor array to provide critical atmospheric information, enabling preemptive adjustments in response to lightning-prone conditions.
[00032] As used herein, the term "ground conductor" refers to a conductive pathway extending from the lightning rod and coupled to the electric pole, designed to safely channel intercepted lightning currents to the ground. The ground conductor provides an efficient discharge path that minimizes the risk of electrical interference within the apparatus. Additionally, it is to be understood that the "ground conductor" may be disposed in an overlapping arrangement with the dome-shaped member, ensuring optimal grounding continuity and reducing electromagnetic interference with the control unit. The ground conductor may incorporate a corrosion-resistant coating to maintain conductivity and extend its operational lifespan in the marine environment. By enabling effective grounding, the ground conductor protects the ship's systems from the destructive effects of lightning strikes.
[00033] As used herein, the term "control unit" refers to an operational component that receives data from the sensor array and adjusts the height of the lightning rod based on real-time atmospheric information. The control unit processes environmental data to ensure that the lightning rod is positioned for maximum effectiveness in attracting and redirecting lightning. Additionally, it is to be understood that the "control unit" may be concentrically positioned relative to the dome-shaped member, thereby enabling streamlined data transfer from the sensor array and maintaining alignment with the lightning rod. The control unit may include a memory unit that stores predefined atmospheric threshold data, allowing for automatic elevation adjustments of the lightning rod when sensed conditions exceed stored thresholds. This configuration enables the control unit to enhance the responsiveness and operational integrity of the lightning protection apparatus.
[00034] FIG. 1 illustrates an lightning protection apparatus (100) for a ship, in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure. The present disclosure provides a lightning protection apparatus for a ship, referred to as the apparatus 100. The apparatus 100 includes a dome-shaped member 102 that is configured to provide a stable base and support structure for the lightning protection components of the system. The dome-shaped member 102 features a central aperture 104, which allows certain components of the apparatus 100, such as the lightning rod 108, to be positioned centrally for optimal performance. In the present embodiment, the dome-shaped member 102 is designed to secure an electric pole 106, which functions as a structural support for the apparatus 100 and assists in grounding high-voltage currents generated by lightning strikes. The dome-shaped member 102 may be manufactured from materials that are resistant to environmental factors commonly encountered in marine environments, such as corrosion, UV radiation, and saltwater exposure, to ensure long-term durability and reliable performance. Additionally, the dome-shaped member 102 may be fabricated from electrically non-conductive materials to reduce the risk of interference with the lightning discharge process and to provide isolation between the electric pole 106 and other components of the apparatus 100. The central aperture 104 within the dome-shaped member 102 is dimensioned to provide secure and stable support to the lightning rod 108 while allowing for its vertical adjustment through a height-adjustment unit. By centering the lightning rod 108 within the dome-shaped member 102, the apparatus 100 achieves an optimal configuration that enhances its ability to attract and safely redirect lightning strikes, thereby protecting critical areas of the ship.
[00035] The lightning rod 108 is positioned within the central aperture 104 of the dome-shaped member 102 and is configured with a height-adjustment unit that enables vertical positioning of the rod based on atmospheric data received from the sensor array 110. The lightning rod 108 serves as a primary interception point for lightning strikes and is aligned with the central aperture 104 to maximize its exposure to atmospheric conditions. In one embodiment, the lightning rod 108 is constructed from conductive materials with high corrosion resistance, ensuring its functionality and durability even in challenging marine environments. The height-adjustment unit associated with the lightning rod 108 allows the rod to be raised or lowered, enabling the apparatus 100 to adapt to varying atmospheric conditions that may increase the likelihood of lightning strikes. For example, the control unit 114 may adjust the height of the lightning rod 108 in response to detected changes in electric field intensity, air pressure, or humidity, which are indicative of an approaching storm. Additionally, the lightning rod 108 may be equipped with a secondary shielding layer that provides a resistive barrier to dissipate excess electrical charge, thereby protecting the rod itself from erosion or damage due to repeated lightning strikes. The alignment of the lightning rod 108 within the dome-shaped member 102 and the vertical adjustability provided by the height-adjustment unit enable the apparatus 100 to maintain an effective interception and grounding path for lightning discharges, thereby minimizing the risk of damage to the ship's structure and electronic systems.
[00036] The apparatus 100 further includes a sensor array 110, which is disposed on the dome-shaped member 102 to monitor atmospheric conditions around the lightning protection apparatus. The sensor array 110 comprises a plurality of sensors, such as electric field sensors, pressure sensors, and humidity sensors, which are configured to detect environmental changes that may precede a lightning strike. The sensor array 110 is strategically positioned on the dome-shaped member 102, which allows it to monitor the immediate area around the lightning rod 108 and to provide real-time data regarding atmospheric variations. In one embodiment, the sensors within the sensor array 110 are equidistantly arranged around the central aperture 104 in a radial configuration, which facilitates uniform monitoring of the atmospheric conditions from all directions around the lightning rod 108. This arrangement enhances the accuracy of environmental data acquisition and enables the control unit 114 to make precise adjustments to the height of the lightning rod 108. The sensor array 110 may include specialized sensors capable of detecting changes in electric field strength, which can indicate an increased likelihood of a lightning event. Additionally, the array may contain pressure sensors that detect shifts in air pressure around the central aperture 104, further refining the apparatus 100's ability to predict lightning-prone conditions. The data collected by the sensor array 110 is transmitted to the control unit 114, which processes the information and initiates adjustments to the lightning rod 108 as needed. This real-time monitoring and adjustment capability significantly enhances the responsiveness and efficacy of the apparatus 100 in mitigating the risks associated with lightning strikes.
[00037] The ground conductor 112 extends from the lightning rod 108 and is coupled to the electric pole 106, providing a conductive pathway that safely channels intercepted lightning currents to the ground. The ground conductor 112 is a critical component of the apparatus 100, as it ensures that high-voltage currents from lightning strikes are effectively directed away from sensitive areas of the ship. In one embodiment, the ground conductor 112 is disposed in an overlapping arrangement with the dome-shaped member 102, thereby creating a continuous grounding path that minimizes the risk of electromagnetic interference within the apparatus 100. The overlapping configuration also serves to reduce interference between the electric pole 106 and the control unit 114, allowing for uninterrupted operational control during lightning events. The ground conductor 112 may be fabricated from materials with high conductivity and corrosion resistance, such as copper alloys or stainless steel, to ensure its durability and performance in the marine environment. In an optional embodiment, the ground conductor 112 includes a corrosion-resistant coating that further enhances its longevity and maintains conductivity efficiency, even when exposed to saltwater and other environmental factors typical of marine applications. By providing a direct path for lightning current to discharge safely into the ship's grounding system, the ground conductor 112 prevents potentially damaging electrical surges from affecting critical onboard systems, thereby contributing to the overall safety and integrity of the vessel.
[00038] The control unit 114 is operatively connected to the sensor array 110 and is responsible for adjusting the height of the lightning rod 108 based on the data received from the sensor array. The control unit 114 processes real-time information collected by the sensor array 110, such as changes in electric field intensity, air pressure, and humidity, to determine the optimal positioning of the lightning rod 108 in anticipation of a potential lightning strike. In one embodiment, the control unit 114 is concentrically positioned relative to the dome-shaped member 102, which facilitates streamlined data transfer from the sensor array 110 and maintains structural alignment with the lightning rod 108. This centralized positioning allows the control unit 114 to operate efficiently without interference, thereby ensuring reliable control over the lightning rod's height-adjustment unit. Additionally, the control unit 114 may include a memory unit that stores predefined atmospheric threshold data, which enables it to make immediate elevation adjustments to the lightning rod 108 when sensed conditions exceed stored thresholds. This preemptive adjustment capability increases the apparatus 100's likelihood of intercepting lightning and safely redirecting it away from critical areas of the ship. In an optional embodiment, the control unit 114 is configured to automatically lower the lightning rod 108 to a baseline height when atmospheric conditions are stable, thereby conserving energy and minimizing wear on the height-adjustment unit. The integration of the control unit 114 with the sensor array 110 and the height-adjustment unit allows the apparatus 100 to respond dynamically to changing atmospheric conditions, thereby providing a robust and adaptable solution for lightning protection on marine vessels.
[00039] FIG. 2 illustrates a sequence diagram for a lightning protection apparatus 100 designed for a ship, detailing the interaction and functional sequence between the components in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The sensor array 110, positioned on a dome-shaped member, monitors atmospheric conditions around the apparatus and detects variations such as changes in electric field intensity, humidity, and air pressure. This atmospheric data is transmitted to the control unit 114, which processes the information to evaluate potential lightning risks. Based on the data received, the control unit 114 adjusts the height of the lightning rod 108 using a height-adjustment mechanism, positioning the rod at an optimal elevation for lightning interception. Once in position, the lightning rod 108 intercepts lightning strikes and channels the current to the ground conductor 112, which is operatively connected to the lightning rod 108. The ground conductor 112 facilitates the safe discharge of the lightning current by directing it through to the electric pole 106, which ultimately grounds the energy away from sensitive ship components. This sequence enables real-time response and preemptive protection of the ship from lightning-related damage, ensuring robust and efficient lightning management through coordinated interactions between the components.
[00040] In an embodiment, the electric pole 106 is positioned to engage the dome-shaped member 102 at an oblique angle, creating a structurally resilient linkage between the dome-shaped member 102 and the electric pole 106. The oblique positioning provides a strengthened mechanical connection that enhances stability against lateral forces encountered in variable atmospheric conditions, such as high winds or turbulent weather commonly experienced at sea. The angled engagement effectively distributes stress across the contact area, preventing detachment or misalignment of the electric pole 106 from the dome-shaped member 102. Such a configuration enables the apparatus 100 to maintain consistent operational positioning and structural integrity, even under adverse environmental forces. The oblique angle also aids in channeling the lightning strike energy from the lightning rod 108 directly through the electric pole 106 to the grounding system, facilitating a more direct path for current flow, thereby improving the efficiency of lightning discharge. Furthermore, the structural resilience imparted by the angled linkage reduces the need for additional support components, simplifying the design of the apparatus 100 while maintaining durability. The angled arrangement minimizes material fatigue by reducing concentrated stress points, contributing to a longer operational lifespan of the electric pole 106 and the dome-shaped member 102, which is particularly beneficial in harsh marine environments where reliability and longevity of lightning protection systems are essential.
[00041] In an embodiment, the lightning rod 108 is axially aligned with the electric pole 106 through a height-adjustment unit, enabling optimal vertical positioning for maximum atmospheric exposure. The axial alignment allows the lightning rod 108 to achieve a straight,

uninterrupted path from the highest point of the apparatus 100 down through the electric pole 106, thereby facilitating early interception of lightning strikes and efficient current transfer to the ground. This vertical reach maximizes the exposure of the lightning rod 108 to atmospheric conditions, improving its likelihood of attracting and redirecting lightning discharges away from the vessel. The alignment also minimizes lateral forces on the lightning rod 108, allowing the height-adjustment unit to function smoothly and effectively. The height-adjustment unit allows controlled extension and retraction of the lightning rod 108 based on atmospheric data, positioning the rod at the most effective height depending on changing environmental conditions. This adjustment capability is particularly useful in responding to detected variations in electric field intensity, which indicate an increased likelihood of lightning. The axial alignment with the electric pole 106 ensures that current flow remains concentrated along the intended grounding path, reducing the risk of current diversion that could lead to electrical interference or structural damage. The arrangement also simplifies maintenance by ensuring that all components requiring periodic checks are centrally aligned and accessible from a single axis.
[00042] In an embodiment, the sensor array 110 is equidistantly arranged around the central aperture 104, forming a radial configuration with respect to the lightning rod 108. This spatial arrangement allows the sensor array 110 to capture atmospheric data uniformly from all directions surrounding the lightning rod 108, ensuring comprehensive monitoring of environmental conditions. The equidistant placement of each sensor within the array improves the accuracy of data acquisition by reducing directional bias and providing balanced coverage. Sensors in the array 110 may include electric field sensors, humidity sensors, and pressure sensors, each contributing to a multi-dimensional assessment of the atmosphere. The radial configuration facilitates the detection of changes in atmospheric parameters that may signal an increased probability of lightning, enabling the control unit 114 to make real-time adjustments to the lightning rod 108's height for optimized lightning interception. The equidistant layout also reduces the risk of data gaps or blind spots, enhancing the reliability of the monitoring system. By maintaining uniform sensor spacing, the array 110 can track environmental changes with high precision, contributing to more informed adjustments and improved lightning protection. The radial configuration further ensures that no single sensor bears the full responsibility of data collection, reducing wear on individual sensors and extending the operational lifespan of the sensor array 110 as a whole.
[00043] In an embodiment, the ground conductor 112 is disposed in an overlapping arrangement with the dome-shaped member 102, establishing an efficient discharge path for lightning current. The overlapping arrangement provides continuity between the lightning rod 108 and the electric pole 106, allowing lightning energy to travel seamlessly from the rod to the grounding system, minimizing the likelihood of current diversion that could lead to electrical interference or damage to onboard systems. By overlapping with the dome-shaped member 102, the ground conductor 112 ensures consistent electrical contact, reducing the resistance in the discharge path and facilitating efficient current transfer during a lightning strike. The overlapping configuration minimizes electromagnetic interference between the electric pole 106 and the control unit 114, ensuring uninterrupted communication and control functions. This placement also shields the conductor from environmental exposure, thereby reducing the potential for corrosion and extending the longevity of the ground conductor 112. In an optional embodiment, the ground conductor 112 includes a corrosion-resistant coating, providing additional protection against saltwater and harsh marine conditions, further enhancing its durability. This strategic arrangement reduces the need for additional grounding components, simplifying the apparatus 100 design while maintaining effective lightning discharge capability.
[00044] In an embodiment, the control unit 114 is concentrically positioned relative to the dome-shaped member 102, enabling efficient data transfer from the sensor array 110 while maintaining structural alignment with the lightning rod 108. The concentric positioning simplifies wiring and reduces data transmission latency, allowing the control unit 114 to process real-time atmospheric data from the sensor array 110 and make prompt adjustments to the lightning rod 108's height. The alignment with the lightning rod 108 ensures that the control unit 114 can adjust the rod's position directly along its vertical axis, improving the responsiveness and accuracy of height adjustments. This positioning arrangement also allows the control unit 114 to occupy a central, protected location within the apparatus 100, reducing exposure to external environmental factors that could impact its performance. Additionally, the control unit 114 may include a memory unit that stores predefined atmospheric threshold data, enabling immediate elevation adjustments when sensed conditions exceed stored values, thereby increasing the likelihood of intercepting a lightning strike. By aligning the control unit 114 with the dome-shaped member 102 and the lightning rod 108, the apparatus 100 benefits from a streamlined design that enhances operational integrity under variable atmospheric conditions and minimizes the risk of structural or electrical interference between components.
[00045] In an embodiment, the lightning rod 108 includes a secondary shielding layer embedded along its length, providing an additional resistive barrier that dissipates excess electrical charge. This shielding layer protects the lightning rod 108 from potential erosion or damage due to repeated lightning strikes, maintaining its structural integrity and functional efficiency over prolonged periods. The shielding layer may be constructed from materials with high resistance to electrical conduction, such as composite or ceramic-based materials, effectively dispersing any residual charge along the surface of the lightning rod 108. This resistive layer reduces the risk of overheating or material degradation, which can occur as a result of frequent lightning exposure, especially in high-risk maritime environments. By incorporating the secondary shielding layer, the apparatus 100 gains a robust lightning rod that remains effective in attracting and redirecting lightning strikes without requiring frequent maintenance or replacement. The additional layer further contributes to the safety of the apparatus 100 by reducing the likelihood of unintended discharge paths that could impact nearby electrical systems or personnel.
[00046] In an embodiment, the sensor array 110 further comprises a plurality of pressure sensors positioned to detect air pressure variances around the central aperture 104. The pressure sensors enhance the capability of the sensor array 110 to identify changes in atmospheric conditions that may indicate an increased likelihood of a lightning event. By detecting fluctuations in air pressure, the sensor array 110 provides additional data points that enable the control unit 114 to make more precise adjustments to the lightning rod 108's height. Pressure data complements electric field and humidity readings, allowing for a multi-faceted assessment of environmental factors that contribute to lightning formation. The pressure sensors transmit their data to the control unit 114, which processes the information in real time, adjusting the lightning rod 108 to an optimal height as needed to mitigate lightning risks. This dynamic adjustment capability improves the responsiveness of the apparatus 100, allowing it to proactively adapt to atmospheric changes and maintain effective lightning protection even in rapidly changing weather conditions.
[00047] In an embodiment, the ground conductor 112 incorporates a corrosion-resistant coating, which maintains conductivity efficiency and extends operational lifespan in marine environments by minimizing exposure-related degradation. The coating may be applied to the conductor's surface through electroplating or a similar method, providing a durable, non-reactive layer that shields the conductive material from saltwater, humidity, and other corrosive elements typical of marine settings. The corrosion-resistant coating allows the ground conductor 112 to retain its effectiveness in channeling high-voltage currents safely to the grounding system without interruption. This protective layer also reduces maintenance requirements and prolongs the intervals between inspections or replacements, supporting long-term reliability of the apparatus 100. By enhancing the durability of the ground conductor 112, the corrosion-resistant coating ensures consistent performance of the lightning protection system, even in adverse environmental conditions that would typically accelerate wear and corrosion on unprotected conductive materials.
[00048] In an embodiment, the control unit 114 comprises a memory unit that stores predefined atmospheric threshold data, enabling immediate elevation adjustment of the lightning rod 108 when sensed atmospheric conditions surpass stored thresholds. The memory unit provides a reference database of environmental parameters that are associated with high-risk lightning conditions, such as specific electric field intensities or pressure values. When the sensor array 110 detects conditions matching or exceeding these thresholds, the control unit 114 initiates an automatic adjustment, raising or lowering the lightning rod 108 to an optimal height to attract or avoid potential lightning strikes. The ability to store and refer to predefined threshold data improves the responsiveness of the apparatus 100, allowing it to act preemptively in high-risk situations without requiring manual intervention. This automated response capability enhances the protection offered by the apparatus 100, making it capable of adapting quickly to sudden atmospheric changes that precede a lightning strike. The dome-shaped member (102), with its central aperture (104) and ability to secure an electric pole (106), provides a stable structural foundation that supports the entire apparatus. Said dome-shaped member (102) enhances stability and resilience of the lightning protection apparatus (100) against various atmospheric conditions, including wind and turbulent weather. The configuration of the central aperture (104) allows the lightning rod (108) to be centrally positioned, facilitating optimized lightning interception by elevating it away from critical ship areas. By securely engaging the electric pole (106), the dome-shaped member (102) ensures reliable support for the height-adjustable lightning rod (108), minimizing potential misalignment or dislodgement during dynamic weather conditions and thus increasing safety and operational continuity.
[00049] The lightning rod (108), equipped with a height-adjustment unit, provides flexibility in vertical positioning based on real-time atmospheric conditions, as determined by data from the sensor array (110). This adjustable configuration allows the apparatus (100) to optimize lightning interception by elevating the lightning rod (108) in response to electric field intensity and other storm-related parameters. The height-adjustment functionality enhances the effectiveness of the lightning protection system by enabling rapid adjustments that facilitate early lightning detection and targeted discharge away from the ship. This capability reduces the potential impact of lightning strikes on sensitive equipment and contributes to increased system reliability by allowing the apparatus (100) to adaptively position the lightning rod (108) for maximum efficiency.
[00050] The sensor array (110), arranged on the dome-shaped member (102), detects various atmospheric changes, providing critical data that enables the apparatus (100) to adaptively respond to lightning-prone conditions. Said sensor array (110), equidistantly positioned around the central aperture (104) in a radial configuration, enhances the accuracy and comprehensiveness of environmental monitoring, allowing the system to detect even minor fluctuations in atmospheric conditions. This uniform positioning enables 360-degree atmospheric monitoring and prevents data gaps, contributing to the reliable acquisition of environmental information. By supplying detailed data to the control unit (114), the sensor array (110) allows for precise, dynamic adjustments of the lightning rod (108) and helps reduce the likelihood of lightning-related damage by facilitating timely, targeted responses to incoming storms.
[00051] The ground conductor (112), extending from the lightning rod (108) and coupled to the electric pole (106), provides an efficient discharge path for safely directing lightning current to the ship's grounding system. The overlapping arrangement of said ground conductor (112) with the dome-shaped member (102) minimizes electrical resistance and ensures an uninterrupted path for high-voltage currents, thereby improving the efficiency of lightning discharge. This configuration minimizes electromagnetic interference, particularly between the electric pole (106) and the control unit (114), thus maintaining operational control without disruption during a lightning event. Additionally, the secure connection and conductivity of the ground conductor (112) increase the system's reliability, reducing the risk of electrical surges affecting sensitive ship components and contributing to a longer operational lifespan in marine environments.
[00052] The control unit (114) is operatively connected to the sensor array (110) and positioned concentrically with respect to the dome-shaped member (102), streamlining data transfer and aligning with the lightning rod (108) to optimize structural and operational integrity. This configuration enables rapid and efficient processing of data from the sensor array (110), allowing the control unit (114) to adjust the lightning rod (108)'s height responsively in varying atmospheric conditions. Such central positioning reduces latency in communication and minimizes the potential for misalignment during adjustments, enhancing the responsiveness and reliability of the system. By processing real-time environmental data and executing immediate adjustments, the control unit (114) contributes to preemptive lightning mitigation, reducing the risk of lightning-induced damage to the ship and ensuring robust protection even in rapidly changing weather conditions.
[00053] In one aspect, the oblique positioning of the electric pole (106) relative to the dome-shaped member (102) enhances structural resilience, as the angled linkage helps distribute stress and absorb lateral forces. This configuration stabilizes the apparatus (100) against high winds and turbulent maritime environments, reducing the likelihood of structural failure. The angled placement also optimizes the mechanical stability of the lightning rod (108), helping maintain alignment under varying weather conditions. This structural resilience supports continuous system operation without disruption, which is particularly beneficial in extreme maritime environments where system reliability is paramount.
[00054] The axial alignment of the lightning rod (108) with the electric pole (106), facilitated through the height-adjustment unit, maximizes vertical reach and atmospheric exposure, improving the lightning rod's ability to intercept lightning. This alignment creates a direct pathway for the discharge of intercepted lightning currents through the electric pole (106) and ground conductor (112), reducing the risk of electrical dispersion and enhancing discharge efficiency. By ensuring that the lightning rod (108) remains in optimal alignment with the grounding system, the configuration facilitates targeted lightning redirection, effectively channeling high-voltage energy away from critical ship areas.
[00055] In another embodiment, the secondary shielding layer embedded along the length of the lightning rod (108) acts as a resistive barrier to dissipate excess electrical charge, thus providing added protection against erosion from repeated lightning strikes. This shielding layer preserves the structural integrity of the lightning rod (108) over time, minimizing degradation that could affect its effectiveness. The resistive properties of the shielding layer also help reduce the risk of overheating, which can be crucial in sustaining the rod's functionality during multiple high-intensity lightning events. This protective measure extends the lifespan of the lightning rod (108), enhancing the long-term durability and performance of the entire lightning protection apparatus (100).
[00056] The addition of pressure sensors within the sensor array (110) enhances the system's capability to detect atmospheric pressure variations, providing another dimension of environmental data that contributes to improved lightning prediction accuracy. Pressure data, in conjunction with electric field and humidity readings, enables the control unit (114) to make more informed height adjustments of the lightning rod (108), ensuring optimal positioning for lightning interception. By incorporating this dynamic adjustment capability, the apparatus (100) can proactively respond to evolving weather patterns, offering enhanced adaptability and protection in lightning-prone conditions. The use of real-time pressure data ensures that adjustments can be made with high responsiveness, contributing to the accuracy and effectiveness of the lightning protection system.
[00057] In one embodiment, the corrosion-resistant coating applied to the ground conductor (112) provides long-lasting protection against exposure-related degradation in the marine environment, thus maintaining conductivity and operational efficiency over extended periods. This coating allows the ground conductor (112) to perform reliably without the need for frequent maintenance or replacement, which is critical for continuous lightning protection on marine vessels. The protective coating shields the conductor from saltwater, humidity, and corrosive elements, thereby sustaining the performance of the apparatus (100) and enhancing the overall operational integrity of the lightning protection system.
[00058] The control unit (114), equipped with a memory unit storing predefined atmospheric threshold data, allows for immediate elevation adjustments of the lightning rod (108) based on recognized high-risk lightning conditions. By referencing stored threshold data, the control unit (114) can quickly elevate the lightning rod (108) in response to detected atmospheric changes, facilitating early interception and discharge of lightning energy. This immediate adjustment capability enables the apparatus (100) to proactively address potential lightning threats, significantly enhancing its protective effectiveness. The stored data further enables the control unit (114) to respond autonomously to changes in weather conditions, minimizing the need for manual intervention and ensuring continuous, responsive lightning protection for the ship.
[00059]
[00060] Example embodiments herein have been described above with reference to block diagrams and flowchart illustrations of methods and apparatuses. It will be understood that each block of the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations, respectively, can be implemented by various means including hardware, software, firmware, and a combination thereof. For example, in one embodiment, each block of the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and flowchart illustrations can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be loaded onto a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks.
[00061] Throughout the present disclosure, the term 'Artificial intelligence (AI)' as used herein relates to any mechanism or computationally intelligent system that combines knowledge, techniques, and methodologies for controlling a bot or other element within a computing environment. Furthermore, the artificial intelligence (AI) is configured to apply knowledge and that can adapt it-self and learn to do better in changing environments. Additionally, employing any computationally intelligent technique, the artificial intelligence (AI) is operable to adapt to unknown or changing environment for better performance. The artificial intelligence (AI) includes fuzzy logic engines, decision-making engines, preset targeting accuracy levels, and/or programmatically intelligent software.
[00062] Throughout the present disclosure, the term 'processing means' or 'microprocessor' or 'processor' or 'processors' includes, but is not limited to, a general purpose processor (such as, for example, a complex instruction set computing (CISC) microprocessor, a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) microprocessor, a very long instruction word (VLIW) microprocessor, a microprocessor implementing other types of instruction sets, or a microprocessor implementing a combination of types of instruction sets) or a specialized processor (such as, for example, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a digital signal processor (DSP), or a network processor).
[00063] The term "non-transitory storage device" or "storage" or "memory," as used herein relates to a random access memory, read only memory and variants thereof, in which a computer can store data or software for any duration.
[00064] Operations in accordance with a variety of aspects of the disclosure is described above would not have to be performed in the precise order described. Rather, various steps can be handled in reverse order or simultaneously or not at all.
[00065] While several implementations have been described and illustrated herein, a variety of other means and/or structures for performing the function and/or obtaining the results and/or one or more of the advantages described herein may be utilized, and each of such variations and/or modifications is deemed to be within the scope of the implementations described herein. More generally, all parameters, dimensions, materials, and configurations described herein are meant to be exemplary and that the actual parameters, dimensions, materials, and/or configurations will depend upon the specific application or applications for which the teachings is/are used. Those skilled in the art will recognize, or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific implementations described herein. It is, therefore, to be understood that the foregoing implementations are presented by way of example only and that, within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereto, implementations may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described and claimed. Implementations of the present disclosure are directed to each individual feature, system, article, material, kit, and/or method described herein. In addition, any combination of two or more such features, systems, articles, materials, kits, and/or methods, if such features, systems, articles, materials, kits, and/or methods are not mutually inconsistent, is included within the scope of the present disclosure.













Claims
I/We Claim:
1. A lightning protection apparatus (100) for a ship, comprising:
a dome-shaped member (102) having a central aperture (104), said dome-shaped member (102) configured to secure an electric pole (106);
a lightning rod (108) positioned within said central aperture (104), said lightning rod (108) configured with a height-adjustment unit;
a sensor array (110) disposed on said dome-shaped member (102), said sensor array (110) detecting atmospheric changes;
a ground conductor (112) extending from said lightning rod (108) and coupled to said electric pole (106);
and a control unit (114) operatively connected to said sensor array (110), said control unit (114) adjusting the height of said lightning rod (108) based on data received from said sensor array (110).
Claim 2:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein said electric pole (106) is positioned in a manner engaging with said dome-shaped member (102) at an oblique angle, thereby creating a structurally resilient linkage between said dome-shaped member (102) and said electric pole (106), ensuring enhanced stability against lateral forces exerted by atmospheric conditions.
Claim 3:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 2, wherein said lightning rod (108) is axially aligned with said electric pole (106) through said height-adjustment unit, such that said alignment provides optimal vertical reach, facilitating maximum atmospheric exposure for early lightning detection and redirection.
Claim 4:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 3, wherein said sensor array (110) is equidistantly arranged around said central aperture (104), forming a radial configuration with respect to said lightning rod (108), thereby achieving uniform atmospheric monitoring and enhancing the accuracy of environmental data acquisition.
Claim 5:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 4, wherein said ground conductor (112) is disposed in an overlapping arrangement with said dome-shaped member (102), providing an efficient discharge path, such that electromagnetic interference is minimized between said electric pole (106) and said control unit (114) for uninterrupted operational control.
Claim 6:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 5, wherein said control unit (114) is concentrically positioned relative to said dome-shaped member (102), enabling streamlined data transfer from said sensor array (110) while maintaining structural alignment with said lightning rod (108), thus enhancing operational integrity in variable atmospheric conditions.
The following claims further detail additional enhancements and functionality for improved technical performance:
Claim 7:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein said lightning rod (108) includes a secondary shielding layer embedded along its length, providing an additional resistive barrier that dissipates excess electrical charge, thereby protecting said lightning rod (108) from potential erosion due to repeated lightning strikes.
Claim 8:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 7, wherein said sensor array (110) further comprises a plurality of pressure sensors positioned to detect air pressure variances around said central aperture (104), said pressure sensors transmitting pressure data to said control unit (114), thereby enabling dynamic adjustment of said lightning rod (108) to anticipated lightning-prone conditions.
Claim 9:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 8, wherein said ground conductor (112) incorporates a corrosion-resistant coating, maintaining conductivity efficiency and extending operational lifespan in marine environments by minimizing exposure-related degradation.
Claim 10:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 9, wherein said control unit (114) comprises a memory unit storing predefined atmospheric threshold data, enabling immediate elevation adjustment of said lightning rod (108) when sensed atmospheric conditions surpass stored thresholds, thereby increasing the likelihood of preemptive lightning mitigation.




Dated 11 November 2024 Jigneshbhai Mungalpara
IN/PA- 2640
Agent for the Applicant



Ligation Apparatus with Tubular Conduit and Airflow-Controlled Actuator
Abstract
The present disclosure provides a lightning protection apparatus (100) for a ship, comprising a dome-shaped member (102) having a central aperture (104), wherein said dome-shaped member (102) secures an electric pole (106). A lightning rod (108) is positioned within said central aperture (104) and is configured with a height-adjustment unit. A sensor array (110) is disposed on said dome-shaped member (102), wherein said sensor array (110) detects atmospheric changes. A ground conductor (112) extends from said lightning rod (108) and is coupled to said electric pole (106). A control unit (114) is operatively connected to said sensor array (110), wherein said control unit (114) adjusts the height of said lightning rod (108) based on data received from said sensor array (110).


Dated 11 November 2024 Jigneshbhai Mungalpara
IN/PA- 2640
Agent for the Applicant




, Claims:Claims
I/We Claim:
1. A lightning protection apparatus (100) for a ship, comprising:
a dome-shaped member (102) having a central aperture (104), said dome-shaped member (102) configured to secure an electric pole (106);
a lightning rod (108) positioned within said central aperture (104), said lightning rod (108) configured with a height-adjustment unit;
a sensor array (110) disposed on said dome-shaped member (102), said sensor array (110) detecting atmospheric changes;
a ground conductor (112) extending from said lightning rod (108) and coupled to said electric pole (106);
and a control unit (114) operatively connected to said sensor array (110), said control unit (114) adjusting the height of said lightning rod (108) based on data received from said sensor array (110).
Claim 2:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein said electric pole (106) is positioned in a manner engaging with said dome-shaped member (102) at an oblique angle, thereby creating a structurally resilient linkage between said dome-shaped member (102) and said electric pole (106), ensuring enhanced stability against lateral forces exerted by atmospheric conditions.
Claim 3:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 2, wherein said lightning rod (108) is axially aligned with said electric pole (106) through said height-adjustment unit, such that said alignment provides optimal vertical reach, facilitating maximum atmospheric exposure for early lightning detection and redirection.
Claim 4:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 3, wherein said sensor array (110) is equidistantly arranged around said central aperture (104), forming a radial configuration with respect to said lightning rod (108), thereby achieving uniform atmospheric monitoring and enhancing the accuracy of environmental data acquisition.
Claim 5:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 4, wherein said ground conductor (112) is disposed in an overlapping arrangement with said dome-shaped member (102), providing an efficient discharge path, such that electromagnetic interference is minimized between said electric pole (106) and said control unit (114) for uninterrupted operational control.
Claim 6:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 5, wherein said control unit (114) is concentrically positioned relative to said dome-shaped member (102), enabling streamlined data transfer from said sensor array (110) while maintaining structural alignment with said lightning rod (108), thus enhancing operational integrity in variable atmospheric conditions.
The following claims further detail additional enhancements and functionality for improved technical performance:
Claim 7:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein said lightning rod (108) includes a secondary shielding layer embedded along its length, providing an additional resistive barrier that dissipates excess electrical charge, thereby protecting said lightning rod (108) from potential erosion due to repeated lightning strikes.
Claim 8:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 7, wherein said sensor array (110) further comprises a plurality of pressure sensors positioned to detect air pressure variances around said central aperture (104), said pressure sensors transmitting pressure data to said control unit (114), thereby enabling dynamic adjustment of said lightning rod (108) to anticipated lightning-prone conditions.
Claim 9:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 8, wherein said ground conductor (112) incorporates a corrosion-resistant coating, maintaining conductivity efficiency and extending operational lifespan in marine environments by minimizing exposure-related degradation.
Claim 10:
The lightning protection apparatus (100) as recited in claim 9, wherein said control unit (114) comprises a memory unit storing predefined atmospheric threshold data, enabling immediate elevation adjustment of said lightning rod (108) when sensed atmospheric conditions surpass stored thresholds, thereby increasing the likelihood of preemptive lightning mitigation.




Dated 11 November 2024 Jigneshbhai Mungalpara
IN/PA- 2640
Agent for the Applicant

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