GREENHOUSE MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR PLANT GROWTH

Abstract

ABSTRACT The present invention discloses a greenhouse monitoring and control system for optimal plant growth. The system (1) comprises of mainly four modules, namely, power supply and battery backup (2), microcontroller (3), sensor array (4), control devices (5), and Internet of Things (IoT) Connectivity (6). The system (1) System integrates multiple sensors (4), a microcontroller (3), and various control devices (5) to automate the management of the greenhouse environment. By continuously monitoring environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, soil moisture, light, CO2 levels, and pest presence, the system optimizes the growth conditions for plants while minimizing the need for human intervention.

Specification

Description:GREENHOUSE MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR PLANT GROWTH

Field of Invention
The present invention relates to the greenhouse monitoring and control system. More particularly, a smart greenhouse monitoring and control system for optimal plant growth.

Background of the Invention
A green house is where plants such as flowers and vegetables are grown. Greenhouses warmup during the day when sun-rays penetrates through it, which heats the plant, soil and structure. Green houses help to protect crops from many diseases, particularly those that are soil borne and splash into plants in the rain. Greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon and beneficial to human being. Numerous farmers fail to get good profits from the greenhouse crops for the reason that they can't manage two essential factors, which determines plant growth as well as productivity. Green house temperature should not go below a certain degree, High humidity can result to crop transpiration, condensation of water vapour on various greenhouse surfaces, and water evaporation from the humid soil.
General pre-existing technologies for greenhouse climate control can include: Thermostats: Regulate temperature through ventilation systems or heaters. (Technical Drawback: Limited functionality, may require manual adjustments) Timers: Control irrigation systems or lighting based on set schedules. (Technical Drawback: Lacks real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustments) Standalone sensors: Measure individual factors like temperature or humidity, often requiring manual data collection and analysis. (Technical Drawback: Inconvenient and lacks integrated control) These pre-existing solutions typically address temperature, irrigation, or light control independently. The described system offers a technical advantage by integrating various sensors and automating responses for a more comprehensive greenhouse environment control.
These pre-existing solutions typically address temperature, irrigation, or light control independently. The present system offers a technical advantage by integrating various sensors and automating responses for a more comprehensive greenhouse environment control. The present invention is intended to solve the problem of greenhouse monitoring with environment using microcontroller and give information to user platform.
Objectives of the Invention
The prime objective of the present invention is to provide a greenhouse monitoring and control system for optimal plant growth.
Another object of this invention is to provide the greenhouse monitoring and control system for optimal plant growth that uses various sensors to continuously monitor temperature, light, Co2, Pest control and soil moisture.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide the greenhouse monitoring and control system for optimal plant growth that employs a microcontroller to automatically control fans, lights, Co2, Pest control and pumps based on sensor readings.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide the greenhouse monitoring and control system for optimal plant growth that automates actions like turning on fans or pumps to maintain optimal conditions for plant growth.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide the greenhouse monitoring and control system for optimal plant growth offering a cost-effective, cloud-based approach with comprehensive data access, real-time monitoring, potentially leading to increased productivity and profits for farmers.
These and other objects of the present invention will be apparent from the drawings and descriptions herein. Every object of the invention is attained by at least one embodiment of the present invention.
Summary of the Invention
In one aspect of the present invention provides the greenhouse monitoring and control system for optimal plant growth using comprehensive sensor array enables precise monitoring of environmental conditions crucial for plant growth.
In one of the aspects, the system uses microcontroller to automate control mechanisms based on sensor readings.
In one of the aspects, in the present invention, the inclusion of a Wi-Fi module enables remote monitoring and control of the greenhouse environment through internet connectivity.


Brief Description of Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Further objectives and advantages of this invention will be more apparent from the ensuing description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and wherein:
Figure 1 illustrates the block diagram according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
DETAIL DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification which follow, the word "comprise" and variations thereof, such as, "comprises" and "comprising" are to be construed in an open, inclusive sense that is as "including, but not limited to".
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be noted that the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and/or" unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
The embodiments are in such detail as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
The headings and abstract of the invention provided herein are for convenience only and do not interpret the scope or meaning of the embodiments. Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
The present invention discloses a greenhouse monitoring and control system for optimal plant growth, that integrates multiple sensors, a microcontroller, and various control devices to automate the management of the greenhouse environment. By continuously monitoring environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, soil moisture, light, CO2 levels, and pest presence, the system optimizes the growth conditions for plants while minimizing the need for human intervention.
In describing the preferred embodiment of the present invention, reference will be made herein to like numerals refer to like features of the invention.
According to preferred embodiment of the invention, referring to Figure 1, the greenhouse monitoring and control system (1) for optimal plant growth comprises of mainly four modules: power supply and battery backup (2), microcontroller (3), sensor array (4), control devices (5), and Internet of Things (IoT) Connectivity (6).
According to another embodiment of the invention, the greenhouse monitoring and control system (1) works in the following manner:
Module 1: Microcontroller (3) is the core of the system (1), which serves as the brain of the system, coordinating the activities of the sensors (4) and controlling the output devices based on the inputs received. The system (1) monitors key environmental parameters and respond in real time to adjust the greenhouse conditions.
Module 2: Power Supply and Battery Backup (2):
• the system (1) is powered by an external power supply (2a) that is rectified to convert AC to DC through rectifier (2b) and regulated to provide a stable voltage through regulator (2c) suitable for the microcontroller (3) and sensors (4).
• A battery backup (2d) ensures the system (1) remains operational even during power outages, providing uninterrupted monitoring and control of the greenhouse environment.
Module 3: Sensors (4): The system (1) uses several types of sensors to monitor critical factors for plant growth:
• DHT11 Sensor (Temperature and Humidity) (4a): This sensor measures both temperature and humidity levels inside the greenhouse. It sends this data to the microcontroller (3). If the temperature rises above a preset threshold, the microcontroller (3) activates the cooling system by turning on the DC Fan (5a). Conversely, if the temperature falls below a certain level, the fan turns off. This ensures that the greenhouse does not overheat or get too cold. The humidity data is also crucial for managing moisture in the air, preventing issues like excessive condensation.
• Light Sensor (LDR) (4b): The Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor monitors the ambient light inside the greenhouse. If the light levels drop below a certain threshold (e.g., during nighttime), the microcontroller (3) switches on a Bulb (5b) to provide additional lighting for the plants. This ensures that plants get the required light for photosynthesis, even when natural sunlight is insufficient.
• Soil Moisture Sensor (4c): The soil moisture sensor measures the amount of water present in the soil. When the moisture level falls below a set threshold, the sensor (4c) sends a signal to the microcontroller (3), which then activates the Water Pump (5c) to irrigate the plants. Once the soil moisture reaches an optimal level, the pump (5c) is turned off. This automates the watering process and prevents both overwatering and underwatering.
• CO2 Sensor (4d): Plants require carbon dioxide (CO2) for photosynthesis, and this sensor (4d) monitors the concentration of CO2 in the greenhouse. If the CO2 level falls too low, the sensor sends this data to the microcontroller (3), which can trigger an alert or adjust the greenhouse ventilation system (if integrated) to regulate CO2 levels.
• Pest Sensor (4e): This sensor detects the presence of pests inside the greenhouse. If pests are detected, the sensor sends a signal to the microcontroller (3), which can alert the farmer or activate pest control measures (if integrated). Early pest detection helps reduce crop damage and prevents pest infestations from spreading.
Module 4: Control Devices (5) are Based on the sensor (4) inputs, the microcontroller (3) controls several output devices to maintain optimal greenhouse conditions:
• Bulb (5b): Provides additional lighting in case the LDR sensor (4b) detects low ambient light levels. This ensures plants continue to receive adequate light even in the absence of sunlight.
• DC Fan (5a): Automatically turns on when the temperature inside the greenhouse exceeds a preset threshold, helping to cool the environment. The fan (5a) turns off when the temperature returns to the optimal range.
• Water Pump (5c): Turns on when the soil moisture sensor (4c) detects that the moisture level has fallen below the desired level. It automatically irrigates the plants and turns off once the soil moisture reaches the ideal point.
• LCD Display (5d): Displays real-time environmental data such as temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and CO2 levels. This gives farmers an instant view of the greenhouse conditions.
• Wi-Fi Module (5e): Connects the system (1) to the internet, allowing the farmer to monitor and control the greenhouse remotely via a smart device such as smartphone, tablet, or computer. This makes it possible to adjust settings and check on plant conditions from anywhere.
Module 5: Internet of Things (IoT) Connectivity (6): The Wi-Fi module (5e) enables the system (1) to be part of the Internet of Things (IoT). Farmers can use an interface such as online platform or a mobile app to view real-time data from the greenhouse, receive alerts, and control devices (like turning on/off the fan, bulb, or water pump) remotely. This is especially useful for farmers who manage multiple greenhouses or are not always on-site. The IoT interface allows for convenient access to system (1) parameters and historical data, which helps in optimizing crop growth over time.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the greenhouse monitoring and control system (1) is implemented through an automated, sensor-based, and remotely accessible system:
• Automation: the system (1) operates automatically based on real-time sensor data, which eliminates the need for constant human intervention. The microcontroller (3) processes sensor (4) readings and adjusts the greenhouse environment accordingly by controlling the output devices. This level of automation ensures that plants always have the optimal growing conditions, even when the farmer is not present.
• Sensor Integration: the variety of sensors (4) ensures that all critical factors affecting plant growth- temperature, humidity, light, soil moisture, CO2 levels, and pests-are monitored. This ensures that plants are protected from environmental stressors, leading to healthier growth and higher yields.
• Energy Efficiency: by only activating devices like the DC fan (5a), bulb (5b), and water pump (5c) when necessary, the system (1) saves energy. The automation ensures that resources are used efficiently, reducing both electricity and water consumption, which is beneficial for both the environment and operational costs.
• Remote Monitoring and Control: the IoT connectivity (6) allows farmers to remotely monitor and control their greenhouse environment from any location. This increases convenience and flexibility, as farmers can check the status of their crops and make adjustments to the system (1) without needing to be physically present in the greenhouse.
• Scalability and Customization: the system (1) can be easily scaled to include additional sensors (4) or control devices (5). For example, more advanced pest control systems, ventilation systems, or nutrient dispensers could be integrated with the existing microcontroller (3) framework. The modular design of the system (1) allows for scalability to accommodate greenhouses of different sizes and configurations. Additionally, users can customize the control parameters and thresholds to suit specific plant species and growth requirements, enhancing versatility and adaptability.
• Cost-Effectiveness: the use of the microcontroller (3) and low-cost sensors (4) makes the system (1) affordable, making it accessible to small and medium-scale farmers. Despite its affordability, the system (1) provides significant benefits in terms of improving plant growth and reducing crop losses.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the greenhouse monitoring and control system (1) is having integration of multiple sensors, automated control system, real-time monitoring and control, adaptive response to environmental changes, disease prevention, energy efficiency and scalability and customization.
Although a preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it will at once be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention includes advantages and features over and beyond the specific illustrated construction. Accordingly it is intended that the scope of the invention be limited solely by the scope of the hereinafter appended claims, and not by the foregoing specification, when interpreted in light of the relevant prior art.
, Claims:We Claim;
1. A greenhouse monitoring and control system (1) for optimal plant growth comprises of four modules, namely: a power supply and battery backup (2), a microcontroller (3), a sensor array (4), a control device(s) (5), and an Internet of Things (IoT) Connectivity (6), wherein the system optimizes the growth conditions for plants and minimizing the human intervention.

2. The greenhouse monitoring and control system (1) for optimal plant growth as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system (1) works in the following manner:
Module 1: Microcontroller (3) coordinates the activities of the sensors (4) and controlling the output devices based on the inputs received, the system (1) monitors key environmental parameters and respond in real time to adjust the greenhouse conditions;
Module 2: Power Supply and Battery Backup (2): the system (1) is powered by an external power supply (2a) that is rectified to convert AC to DC through a rectifier (2b) and regulated to provide a stable voltage through a regulator (2c) suitable for the microcontroller (3) and the sensors (4), a battery backup (2d) ensures the system (1) remains operational even during power outages, providing uninterrupted monitoring and control of the greenhouse environment;
Module 3: Sensors (4): the system (1) uses several types of sensors to monitor critical factors for plant growth:
• a Temperature and Humidity (4a) measures both temperature and humidity levels inside the greenhouse, sends this data to the microcontroller (3), if the temperature rises above a preset threshold, the microcontroller (3) activates the cooling system by turning on a DC Fan (5a); conversely, if the temperature falls below a certain level, the fan turns off;
• a Light Sensor (LDR) (4b) monitors the ambient light inside the greenhouse, if the light levels drop below a certain threshold (e.g., during nighttime), the microcontroller (3) switches on a Bulb (5b) to provide additional lighting for the plants;
• a Soil Moisture Sensor (4c) measures the amount of water present in the soil, when the moisture level falls below a set threshold, the sensor (4c) sends a signal to the microcontroller (3), which then activates a Water Pump (5c) to irrigate the plants, once the soil moisture reaches an optimal level, the pump (5c) is turned off;
• a CO2 Sensor (4d) monitors the concentration of CO2 in the greenhouse, if the CO2 level falls too low, the sensor sends this data to the microcontroller (3), which can trigger an alert or adjust the greenhouse ventilation system to regulate CO2 levels;
• a Pest Sensor (4e) detects the presence of pests inside the greenhouse, if pests are detected, the sensor sends a signal to the microcontroller (3), which can alert the farmer or activate pest control measures.
Module 4: Control Devices (5) are Based on the sensor (4) inputs, the microcontroller (3) controls several output devices to maintain optimal greenhouse conditions:
• The Bulb (5b): Provides additional lighting in case the LDR sensor (4b) detects low ambient light levels;
• the DC Fan (5a) automatically turns on when the temperature inside the greenhouse exceeds a preset threshold, helping to cool the environment, the fan (5a) turns off when the temperature returns to the optimal range;
• the Water Pump (5c) turns on when the soil moisture sensor (4c) detects that the moisture level has fallen below the desired level, it automatically irrigates the plants and turns off once the soil moisture reaches the ideal point;
• a LCD Display (5d) displays real-time environmental data such as temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and CO2 levels giving farmers an instant view of the greenhouse conditions.
• The Wi-Fi Module (5e) connects the system (1) to the internet, allowing the farmer to monitor and control the greenhouse remotely via a smart device to adjust settings and check on plant conditions from anywhere.
Module 5: Internet of Things (IoT) Connectivity (6): the Wi-Fi module (5e) enables the system (1) to be part of the Internet of Things (IoT). Farmers can use an online interface to view real-time data from the greenhouse, receive alerts, and control devices (5) remotely.
3. The greenhouse monitoring and control system (1) for optimal plant growth as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system (1) the smart device is selected from the smart tv, smart watches, smart phones, and alike.
4. The greenhouse monitoring and control system (1) for optimal plant growth as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system (1) is implemented through an automated, sensor-based, and remotely accessible system.

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