Gas Leakage Detection, Smart Alerting, prediction using IoT

Abstract

Gas leakages result in serious problems in households and other areas where household gas is used. We are using many household appliances frequently but we are not servicing all of it, we are servicing only our luxurious and costly items in regular intervals, we are not taking care of essential appliances. Gas stove is one of it, using for a long period of time in kitchen the spills of oils and water fall over the cylinder tube, they become rust and cause hole in it through which gas gets leak and can cause a fire accident. IoT is an expanding network of physical devices that are linked with different types of sensors and with the help of connectivity to the internet, they are able to exchange data. Through IoT, internet has now extended its roots to almost every possible thing present around us and is no more limited to our personal computers and mobile phones. Safety, the elementary concern of any project, has not been left untouched by IoT. Gas Leakages in open or closed areas can prove to be dangerous and lethal. The traditional Gas Leakage Detector Systems though have great precision, fail to acknowledge a few factors in the field of alerting the people about the leakage. Therefore, we have used the IoT technology to make a Gas Leakage Detector having Smart Alerting techniques involving calling, sending text message and an e-mail to the concerned authority and an ability to predict hazardous situation so that people could be made aware in advance by performing data analytics on sensor readings.

Specification

Description:INTRODUCTION
The innovation is encapsulated in a wide range of arranged items, frameworks, and sensors, which exploit headways in processing power, gadgets scaling down, and organize interconnections to offer new capacities. The expansive scale usage of IoT gadgets guarantees to change numerous parts of the manner in which we live. For shoppers, new IoT items like Internet-empowered machines, home mechanization parts, and vitality the executive's gadgets are pushing us toward a dream of the "savvy home'', offering greater security and vitality effectiveness. IoT frameworks like arranged vehicles, savvy traffic frameworks, and sensors implanted in streets and scaffolds draw us nearer to "brilliant urban areas'', which help limit clog and vitality utilization. IoT innovation offers the likelihood to change horticulture, industry, and vitality creation and dissemination by expanding the accessibility of data along the esteem chain of generation utilizing arranged sensors.

IMPLEMENTATION OF SYSTEM

Load cell with HX711 amplifier weighing module and MQ-6 gas sensor are used as input devices for gas leak and level detection system. MQ-6 gas sensor is provided for gas leakage detection system. Load cell and amplifier unit used as a gas cylinder weight measurement module. Alert system included warning signal and alarm sound for gas leakage detection and SMS alert for gas cylinder refilling. For gas burst accident prevention system, the gas concentration is decreased by turning on the exhaust fan. The level of LPG gas in cylinder measured and send to Wia IoT cloud. Twilio cloud API will send an SMS alert automatically to the consumer when the gas level reaches the minimum threshold value using the third-party tools of Wia.

In this research, HX711 amplifier module contains 24-bit high-precision analog-to-digital converter chip to interface directly with a load sensor. This chip has two analog input channels and designed for high-precision electronic scale applications. Either Channel A or B differential input can be selected to the low-noise programmable gain amplifier (PGA). Channel A can be programmed with a gain of 128 or 64-bit and Channel B has a fixed gain of 32-bit. On chip power supply regulator eliminates the need for an external supply regulator to provide analog power for the ADC and the sensor.


PROPOSED SYSTEM
To design and develop an propose system which include some safety factors. Our safety has been a major issue in today's day to day life. LPG and CNG i.e. petroleum gas and compressed natural gas are most commonly used in residential and commercial places for cooking purpose and in various vehicles as a replacement for costly fuels like diesel, petrol. These gases are filled in cylinders which are easily un-damageable. But leakage can take place through pipes or regulators or knobs which may cause accidents like suffocation, uneasiness or sometimes may catch fire and short circuit as well. The main aim of this project is developing a system that can detect gas leakage. On detection it will send an alert SMS and the gas supply knob of cylinder will be switched off automatically.
Red, black, green and white wire of load cell connect to E+, E-, A- and A+ port of HX711 board respectively. The HX711 amplifier unit pin (SCK) was attached to D2 and pin (DT) connected to D3 of Arduino MKR Wifi 1010.The Operation supply voltage of the amplifier unit is 4.8 - 5.5V. So, the Vcc pin of the unit connected to the Arduino 5V power pin. MQ-6 gas sensor is an electro-chemical type sensor. The output digital signal from that sensor is (D out) pins connect to Arduino (D7) pin. The sensitivity range of the sensor can be adjusted using built-in potentiometer.
Vcc pin of the sensor was connected to the Arduino 5V pin as MQ6 gas sensor operates on 5V DC and attaches GND pin to the ground pin on the Arduino. Pin D12, D13, and D11 are connected with piezo buzzer, warning led and gas exhaust fan respectively. An Arduino library of hx711 is required for weight scales measurement of this project. All the hardware components are developed as a circuit diagram.

STEPS IN MODEL-BUILDING
• To look at the actual system and their relations and to gather data on the behaviour of its different elements.
• Conceptual model construction.
• Creation of an operating model
• Check the model for anyone else.
• Create a flow map that theoretically contains any potential step when an occurrence happens. a machine should take
• Consider the model output in a variety of input parameter settings for reasonability in detail. (Often over looked!).
• At the end of the simulation, press the input parameters, make sure they are not inadvertently changed.
• Make the operational model possible as self-documenting.
• Verify that what is displayed in the animation imitates the real structure, whether the operating model is animated.
• Use the debugger.
• Use a graphic representation of the model if possible

CONCLUSION
The advantage of this simple gas leak detector is its simplicity and its ability to warn about the leakage of the LPG gas. This system uses GSM technique to send alert massage to respective person if no one is there in the house and then gas leaks occurs, GSM module is there to send immediate messages to the respective person regarding the gas leak. The main advantage of this system is that it off the regulator knob of the cylinder automatically when gas leakage detected.

5. CLAIMS
We claim that our system is dependent on IOT based techniques, automation, applications and so on. Either or the way it helps you to get the caution alert wherever you are
• Claim 1: A gas leakage detection system using IoT-enabled sensors, a CPU for data analysis, and a communication module for alerts.
• Claim 2: The system of claim 1, connecting to a cloud server for data storage and analysis, with a mobile app for monitoring and remote control.
• Claim 3: A method for gas leak detection using IoT sensors, data analysis by a CPU, and alert transmission.

ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION
Gas leakages result in serious problems in households and other areas where household gas is used. We are using many household appliances frequently but we are not servicing all of it, we are servicing only our luxurious and costly items in regular intervals, we are not taking care of essential appliances. Gas stove is one of it, using for a long period of time in kitchen the spills of oils and water fall over the cylinder tube, they become rust and cause hole in it through which gas gets leak and can cause a fire accident.
IoT is an expanding network of physical devices that are linked with different types of sensors and with the help of connectivity to the internet, they are able to exchange data. Through IoT, internet has now extended its roots to almost every possible thing present around us and is no more limited to our personal computers and mobile phones. Safety, the elementary concern of any project, has not been left untouched by IoT. Gas Leakages in open or closed areas can prove to be dangerous and lethal. The traditional Gas Leakage Detector Systems though have great precision, fail to acknowledge a few factors in the field of alerting the people about the leakage. Therefore, we have used the IoT technology to make a Gas Leakage Detector having Smart Alerting techniques involving calling, sending text message and an e-mail to the concerned authority and an ability to predict hazardous situation so that people could be made aware in advance by performing data analytics on sensor readings.




, Claims:• Claim 1: A gas leakage detection system using IoT-enabled sensors, a CPU for data analysis, and a communication module for alerts.
• Claim 2: The system of claim 1, connecting to a cloud server for data storage and analysis, with a mobile app for monitoring and remote control.
• Claim 3: A method for gas leak detection using IoT sensors, data analysis by a CPU, and alert transmission.

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