Expulsion of Chromium From Industrial Effluents Using Nanotechnology.

Abstract

This invention presents an innovative method for the efficient removal of chromium, specifically Hexavalent shape chromium ( Cr(VI)), from industrial effluents using advanced nanotechnology. The process employs specially engineered Nano particles designed to enhance the adsorption and chemical reduction of chromium ions in wastewater. By leveraging the unique properties of these Nano particles, the system achieves a dual-action mechanism that not only adsorbs chromium but also facilitates its conversion to less toxic trivalent chromium (Cr(III)). The treatment system features an optimized chamber that promotes maximal interaction between the Nano particles and the effluent, resulting in significantly improved removal efficiencies compared to conventional methods. Additionally, real-time monitoring capabilities allow for dynamic adjustments to treatment parameters, ensuring consistent performance. This method is adaptable for various industrial applications, including electroplating, leather tanning, and dye manufacturing, providing a scalable solution to a pressing environmental challenge. The invention also emphasizes sustainability by enabling the recycling of Nano particles and promoting effective waste management practices. Overall, this approach not only mitigates the health risks associated with chromium contamination but also contributes to cleaner production processes and environmental protection.

Specification

Description:The system for expelling chromium from industrial effluents utilizes a series of integrated components that work together to achieve effective treatment through nanotechnology. Nano particle Generation Unit produces specialized Nano Particles tailored for chromium removal. It employs methods such as chemical synthesis, hydrothermal techniques, or sol-gel processes to create Nano Particles with high surface areas and specific chemical properties. Wastewater Treatment Chamber effluent is directed into a treatment chamber where it comes into contact with the Nano Particles. The design of the chamber promotes optimal mixing and interaction between the wastewater and Nano Particles, enhancing adsorption and reduction processes. Chromium Removal Mechanism In this chamber, the Nano Particles adsorb chromium ions and facilitate the reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) to trivalent chromium (Cr(III)), which is less toxic. This is achieved through chemical reactions facilitated by the unique properties of the Nano Particles. Filtration and Recovery System: After treatment, the mixture of treated wastewater and Nano Particles flows into a filtration system where the Nano Particles, along with the precipitated chromium compounds, are separated from the treated water. This can include techniques such as microfiltration or centrifugation. Waste Management and Recycling: The separated Nano Particles can be washed and potentially reused in subsequent treatment cycles, minimizing waste and reducing costs.
Any residual chromium is collected for safe disposal or further processing. Monitoring and Control Unit: This unit includes sensors and control systems to monitor the concentrations of chromium and other parameters in real time, ensuring that treatment goals are met and allowing for adjustments in process parameters as needed. This integrated system effectively combines advanced nanotechnology with efficient wastewater treatment processes, providing a sustainable solution for the expulsion of chromium from industrial effluents. Implement a monitoring system to track chromium levels and treatment effectiveness in real time, allowing for dynamic adjustments and ensuring optimal performance. Establish a framework for the safe disposal or recycling of chromium-laden waste materials, promoting sustainability and resource recovery in industrial processes.
Contribute to the advancement of nanotechnology applications in environmental remediation, encouraging further research and innovation in the field of wastewater treatment. By achieving these objectives, the invention aims to provide a comprehensive solution for the expulsion of chromium from industrial effluents, ultimately fostering cleaner production practices and improving environmental health. the system is versatile and scalable, making it suitable for a wide range of industrial applications, including electroplating, leather tanning, and dye manufacturing .Wastewater treatment that addresses the safe disposal or recycling of residual chromium-laden materials, ensuring environmental sustainability.
conventional wastewater treatment involves chemical precipitation, ion exchange, redox reaction, reverse osmosis, ultra filtration, adsorption, Electro dialysis, and membrane separation processes. Each treatment process has its own limitations, including the high cost of design, construction, and maintenance; higher energy input; complex operational process; and high-cost chemical additives In this context, scientists are looking for cost-effective and more efficient materials for wastewater remediation Microbes act as a good template, and due to their rapid growth, easy availability, and fast reproducing capacity, they are widely used in practical applications .Bioremediation is a process of degradation, transformation, and adsorption of unwanted materials via microbes such as bacteria, microalgae, and fungi. Fungi-based remediation is known as mycoremediation; fungi are excellent scavengers of nature, with a high capacity of metal uptake capacity, due to the presence of extracellular and intracellular enzymatic machinery for the removal of heavy metal ions via biosorption and degradation. Hence, fungi were acting as a potential bioremediating agent.
, C , C , Claims:
1. That the use of specially designed Nano Particles with enhanced surface properties for the selective adsorption and reduction of chromium ions from wastewater.
2. That the a novel treatment method that combines adsorption and chemical reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) to trivalent chromium (Cr(III)), resulting in improved overall removal efficiency.
3. That the a process that allows for the recycling and reuse of Nano Particles in multiple treatment cycles, thereby reducing operational costs and environmental impact.
4. That the integration of advanced monitoring technologies that provide real-time tracking of chromium concentrations and treatment effectiveness, allowing for dynamic process adjustments.
5. That the design of a treatment chamber that maximizes the interaction between wastewater and Nano Particles, significantly enhancing chromium removal rates compared to conventional methods.

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