ENHANCING THE SECURITY OF COPYRIGHTS THROUGH BLOCKCHAIN

Abstract

ENHANCING THE SECURITY OF COPYRIGHTS THROUGH BLOCKCHAIN Abstract The digital era has led to an increase in human creations, yet the establishment and distribution of intellectual properly (IP), rights have been hindered by inadequate facilities. IP organizations struggle with the disorganized distribution of rights and face security challenges in managing these rights. To address these issues, we propose a blockchain and NET-based marketplace. This platform utilizes deep learning to compare new creations with existing works, ensuring secure management through a blockchain network. Assets are tokenized using NETs for seamless rights transfer, and the decentralized nature of the blockchain enhances security. Furthermore, all transactions are recorded on the blockchain and within users meta wallets. The meta wallet known for its immutability, stores data on the user's device, providing robust protection against cyber attacks and enhancing overall security.

Specification

FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
PROVISIONAL/ COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)

1. TITLE OF THE INVENTION - "ENHANCING THE SECURITY OF CREATIVE
WORKS THROUGH BLOCKCHAIN
2. APPLICANT(S)
(a) NAME:
(b) NATIONALITY:
(c) ADDRESS:
SRI SAI RAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
INDIAN
Sri Sai Ram Institute of Technology,
Sai Leo Nagar, West Tambaram,
Chennai - 600044

(a) NAME:
(b) NATIONALITY:
(c) ADDRESS:
a) NAME:
b) NATIONALITY:
c) ADDRESS:
a) NAME:
b) NATIONALITY:
c) ADDRESS:
PRADEEP S V
INDIAN
Department of CCE,
Sri Sai Ram Institute ofTechnology,
Sai Leo Nagar, West Tambaram,
Chennai-600044.
AKILESH S
INDIAN
Department of CCE,
Sri Sai Ram Institute of technology,
Sai Leo Nagar, West Tambaram.
Chennai-600044.
RAHUL J
INDIAN
Department of CCE,
Sri Sai Ram Institute of technology,
Sai Leo Nagar, West Tambaram,
Chennai-600044.

a) NAME: MR. ULAGANATHAN MS
b) NATIONALITY: INDIAN
C) ADDRESS: Assistant professor Department CC
Sri Sai Ram Institute ofTechnology,
Sai Leo Nagar, West Tambaram,
Chennai-600044.

a) NAME: V AMBTKA A
b) NATIONALITY: INDIAN
c) ADDRESS: Assistant professor Department of CCE,
Sri Sai Ram Institute of technology,
Sai Leo Nagar, West Tambaram,
Chennai-600044

3. PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRITION
COMPLETE
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed
4. DESCRIPTION (Description shall start from next page)
Annexed along With this form.
5. CLAIMS (not applicable for provisional specification. Claims should starT with The preamble -
"1/We claim" on separate page)
Annexed along with this form. ,
$7 DATEAND S1CNATUrE( to be given on the .last page of specification) ■
Given at the end of specifications.
7. ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION (to be given along with complete specification on the
separate page)
Given at the end of specifications.
Note:
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ENHANCING THE SECURITY OF CREATIVE WORKS THROUGH BLOCKCHAIN

Field of Invention
The invention encompasses safely of intellectual property rights by simplifying the acquisition and transfer of the rights, as well as stopping fraudulent activities and cyber threats. It discusses the problems associated with attaining intellectual property, including the complexities, delay in timing, and risks posed by security to creators.

Our system will make the marketplace where intellectual property rights arc readily traded by the buyer and seller to make this process smooth and accessible. In addition, it will make the gram of rights faster with an easier approach in making everything possible and friction less for all parties involved. The invention, through the medium of Biockchain technology, improves the transparency and security aspects of the transaction.

Background:
1) Blockchain Technology and IP rights
-Singh, BP.Tripathi

This paper aims to address the challenges associated with the manual and centralized management of intellectual property rights. Il proposes a solution by utilizing biockchain technology to create a decentralized network, which enhances the security of IP rights. Implementing this decentralized approach wiil effectively resolve the issues related to
traditional IP management by • reducing inefficiencies and minimizing the risk of unauthorized access or manipulation. Additionally, the system ensures greater transparency and trust in IP transactions, fostering a more reliable and efficient ecosystem for creators and stakeholders.

2) IP law and Practice in blockchain realm
-S. Bonnet
This paper aims to explore various aspects of intellectual properly and examine how (hey can be secured using a blockchain.network. It. also highlights..how blockchain technology enables easier retrieval and more efficient management of intellectual property rights. By leveraging decentralized networks, the system ensures enhanced transparency, security, and control over IP assets for all stakeholders involved.

3) A critical examination of blockchain tech to IP management
- Kensuke and marcus dair
This paper aims to address the use of smart contracts for automating royally payments io
sellers and facilitating the seamless transfer of intellectual property rights. By utilizing smart
contracts, the process can be carried out without the need for intermediaries, ensuring faster and more secure transactions. This approach not only streamlines the transfer of rights but na)so guarantees transparency and.trust.between parties, reducing the risk of disputes.


4) A digital rights management system based on a scalable blockchain
- Abba Garba
This paper primarily focuses on the encryption techniques used to secure intellectual property rights, ensuring they are protected from theft or unauthorized access in the digital era. By implementing robust encryption methods, the system safeguards sensitive data and prevents exploitation, providing creators and owners with greater confidence in protecting their assets.

5) Music Copyright Management using Smart Contracts and tokenisation on the Ethercum blockchain
-Ruth Bernnan
This paper primarily address.es-:how, copyrights for-music can be protected using a blockchain platform, as well as the conversion of music into NFTs to facilitate the seamless transfer of rights. By leveraging blockchain technology, this approach ensures secure, transparent transactions while simplifying'the process of transferring music ownership.

Summary:
Copyrights relating to artistic work, music, and books take such a long time to achieve, hence the process is long. The digital world currently dominating the current times requires copyright protection. The challenge remains that most of the creations face problems due to poor care amongst others becoming very easy to steal since some people have resorted to cyber attacks.

To do that, our system will create a marketplace through which buyers and sellers of intellectual property can seamlessly transfer rights. Every transaction will be recorded on the Polygon block chain - a blockchain that is known for its immutability meaning once it's there, it cannot be changed, thereby enhancing what people know about the system. In such a marketplace, each transaction between parties will carry all of the following: information about the NET ID, buyer and seller's addresses, price, and timestamp-all credited to their respective meta wallets.

The same transaction, details will be-stored in an 1P-FS database. The same transaction ■details cannot be modified.or stolen because the meta wallet, stored securely on the user's device, cannot be modified or stolen. This IPFS further decentralizes a system, enhancing the security of this network.

Our system will find similarity with existing copyrighted works lor new creations by using Al .technology- to make- facilitation processes easier. .For anistic creations,-it will try to make similarity assessments with CNN. In terms of percentages, it will provide copyrighis to a creation or reject based on such similarity percentages.

It serves the sellers and the buyers who possess the intellectual property rights, which allows them to move or rent the rights easily, even auction them, all through the friendly ini er face of a mobile device. As this is a blockchain system, the decentralized approach makes sure that transactions lakc placc in non-altcrablc ways. Thus, this system increases security.

This copyrighting system also operates as an efficient software that simplifies and brings copyright access closer to the creators. Luwering the time and the load of effort Io claim rights. our system will empower artists and authors to concentrate on their creative activities while ensuring that their rights are adequately protected. When the' market expands, he will pave the way for a community of creators who can share their work without fear and in turn monetize them knowing that their rights are protected Consequently, the new solution promotes the safety of intellectual property transactions besides encouraging creativity and innovation in a rapidly evolving digital world.

Objectives: . ■ ■ , -: - - -
This paper demonstrates the intent to protect intellectual property by employing blockchain and deep learning. It reveals that current trends portray tremendous depth in challenges such as theft, counterfeiting, and unauthorized use, and these are still draining the value of intellectual property; application of deep learning with blockchain technology promises a solid framework for securing and managing IP assets throughout its whole lifecycle. The ultimate end is that it will institute a holistic system that makes use of the distributed and immutable features of blockchairi combined with deep learning's analytical capabilities in protecting, verifying, and regulating intellectual property rights.

This system proves the authenticity of the IP by tracing all provenance histories through a blockchain and recording each patent, trademark, or copyright in a blockchain with the help of blockchain technology. Each record provides a tamper-evident and. hence, tamper-proof ledger that includes all creation information, ownership history; and any modification or transaction. Transparency in tracing the integrity of the IP means that all stakeholders have the chance to reduceulie risks of infringement or unauthorized use significantly.

There will be deep learning algorithms to keep watch over digital spaces for the possible infringement or illegal use of IP assets. Training will be undertaken bn large databases of images and texts and other forms of digital content; and trained models'will identify patterns related to IP violations so that there'is a faster response- time and the possibility of remedial actions before the violation can snowball further and start destroying the interests of the IP holders.

Self-executing contracts will integrate this iiito blockchain to ease the whole process of licensing and make these kinds of contracts enforce terms of IP agreements so as to automatically guarantee' timely payments of royalties and usage rights without involving' intermediaries. Automatically incorporating the smart contract into'a blockchain minimizes the possibility of disputes, lowers transaction costs, hence making IP management more efficient and accessible.

Since there is sensitive' information involved, this system will involve advanced encryption techniques in decentralized networks; they will only make IP data accessible to authorized parlies. By its design, the risk of breaches at central levels is inherently minimized, and rims generally, security is enhanced.

More effective cooperation among stakeholders involved in the generation and management-of
IP will also be.promoted by.this blockchain-based platform, and there are open talks on issues of
ownership, licensing, and enforcement to create trust and foster joint ventures, research, and
innovation with fair and equitable compensation for all parties.

The proposed system also enhances compliance with existing IP regulations and standards by
putting regulatory frameworks within the blockchain, thus streamlining the reporting and auditing processes and by simplifying compliance in IP holders and enabling regulatory bodies to monitor and enforce laws'regarding IP effectively.

Ultimately, it should'be scalable and flexible in its features to keep up With the changes in IP
and technology'so that it could be relevant and functional over time. This is because there is a
probable change in the forms of IP which need to be accommodated by it, along with the change
in digital'environments into which it expands.'

It is with the combined powers of block chain and deep learning that enhanced authentication
automated monitoring, streamlined licensing,'Bata security, stakeholder collaboration, regulatory
compliance, and adaptability can be realized in a secure manner - a truly revolutionary approach
to IP management that protects the right's of creators and makes innovation and crearivity richer than ever.

Brief Descriptions of Drawings
Figure 1 - WORK FLOW OF COPYRIGHT REGISTRATION IN OUR
SYSTEM
Figure I illustrates the overall workflow of copyright registration in a marketplace secured through a blockchain network. The creator uploads their creation to the marketplace, where the asset is tokenized using smart contracts, eliminating the need for intermediaries. The actual asset is stored in the Interplanetary File System (1PFS), while the asset's hash code and the I creation's metadata are stored in a relational database (RDBMS) for easy retrieval. The
tokenization process generates a hash value thvhis securely stored in the usen's meta, wallet .for quick access, ensuring the creation's protection within the marketplace. Since token logs are maintained on the Polygon blockchain, the system is highly secure.

Figure 2 - WORK FLOW OF COPYRIGHT EXCHANGE IN
MARKETPLACE
Figure 2 illustrates the process ofexchanging copyrights in the marketplace between users. Users can view available creations, and if interested in purchasing, one user can send a request to the creator. Upon mutual agreement to exchange copyrights, both the copyrights and royalty payments arc transferred between the parties. As the marketplace is decentralized, every transaction is securely recorded on the blockchain.jnaking it immutable. The. transaction details are also stored in the user's meta wallet, providing robust security against cyber attacks.

Figure 3 -7 ARCHSTECTURE OF THE MARKETPLACE
Figure 3 illustrates the .architecture of the system, comprising the service layer, application layer, control layer, blockchain application layer, and data protocol layer. The service layer focuses on the u^er. interface, .detailing .how, users tcan submit their..,c;;eations and., interact with the system. The application layer outlines the core functionalities, such as copyright inquiries, rental forms, and other essential features. The control layer handles backend operations, including data management and NFT minting. Finally, the data protocol layer-.defines the system's database management.
ensuring the proper handling and storage of data.

Detailed explanation of the development with relevance to the
architecture diagram
Decentralized System (Blockchain):
Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), commonly known as blockchain, is a revolutionary system
•where data., is stored across a decentralized,-peer-to-peer network ^instead of in a central database. Its key strengths lie in tamper resistance, data transparency, and trustless execution, allowing participants to verify transactions, without relying on, a centralized authority. Each transaction recorded on the blockchain includes a timestamp, providing a chronological order to events and enhancing traceability. This feature not only adds an extra layer of security but also fosters trust
among participants. Blockchain operates using cryptographic techniques that secure the integrity of data, with each transaction stored in a "block"' linked to the. previous one, forming an unalterable chain.

Ethereum:
• Ethereum is a decentralized, open-source blockchain platform that enables the creation of smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps) that operate autonomously without intermediaries. Unlike other blockchains focused' mainly on cryptocurrency transactions. Ethereum is
programmable, allowing developers to build a wide range oTapplicatioiis. Ethereum is widely used
in decentralized finance (DeFi) and is the leading platform for issuing and trading non-ftingible
tokens (NFTs), significantly influencing the blockchain space.

This paper aims to create a marketplace specifically designed for transferring copyright rights using
blockchain technology. This innovative platform will enable creators and buyers to securely and
transparently manage' and exchange rights in a ' decentralized'* environment. By leveraging
blockchain's decentralized nature, the platform will1 eliminate the heed for intermediaries, his trust is
placed directly in the technology's core attributes-transparency, immutability, and decentralization.
Blockchain's ability to maintain an immutable, transparent record of al! transactions allows
stakeholders, including creators and buyers,' to easily'-verify ownership and transaction history
without third-party involvement. Each transaction will be securely timcslainped, enhancing
traceability and enabling users to confirm'when a transfer occurred. This feature is critical Cor
establishing trust and accountability in the fights management process. By creating a user-friendly inferface and incorporation robust security measures our marketplace will revolutionize how rights This paper aims to create a marketplace specifically designed for transferring copyright rights using
blockchain technology. This innovative platform will enable creators and buyers to securely and
transparently manage' and exchange rights in a ' decentralized'* environment. By leveraging
blockchain's decentralized nature, the platform will1 eliminate the heed for intermediaries, his trust is
placed directly in the technology's core attributes-transparency, immutability, and decentralization.
Blockchain's ability to maintain an immutable, transparent record of al! transactions allows
stakeholders, including creators and buyers,' to easily'-verify ownership and transaction history
without third-party involvement. Each transaction will be securely timestamped, enhancing
traceability and enabling users to confirm'when a transfer occurred. This feature is critical Cor
establishing trust and accountability in the fights management process. By creating a user-friendly

Smart Contracts:
Smart contracts are self-executing programs embedded within a blockchain, where the terms of an agreement between parties are directly encoded into the software. All aspects of the agreement,
including payment terms, royalty conditions,'and the obligations of the involved parties, can be
explicitly' outlined in the contract. Once deployed on the blockchain, the contract becomes
immutable, ensuring that no modifications can be made, thus guaranteeing trust and security.

When the predefined conditions are met, smart contracts automatically execute and enforce the
obligations Of all parties. This significantly streamlines transactions between the creator and the buyer by eliminating the need for intermediaries. In our.marketplace, smart contracts will be utilized during the minting process of NFTs, where the metadata of .both the creator and the creation are taken as parameters and recorded on the blockchain. This provides indisputable proof of ownership, serving as a verifiable record of the original copyright holder.

furthermore, royalty payments between the creator and the buyer are automated through the autoCM
trigger royalty system implemented on the blockchain. "Phis automation reduces the time and
complexity involved in managing royalty payments, ensuring seamless transactions between all
parties.

Consensus mechanisms:
Consensus mechanisms are protocols employed in blockchain networks to validate transactions and maintain the integrity of the distributed ledger. They ensure trust, security, and decentralization in a trustless environment. One of the widely adopted consensus mechanisms is Proof of Slake (PoS), which'has.-been implemented by Ethereum.

Layer 2 Solution:
Polygon is specifically designed, to address the major challenges laced by the Ethereum network, including slow transaction speeds and high gas fees. By using a robust Layer 2 architecture. Polygon enables faster, more scalable, and cost-effective blockchain transactions while maintaining the security of Ethereum. Its mechanism allows it to process thousands of transactions per second at a fraction of the cost compared to Ethereum. Polygon can handle up to 65,000 transactions per second, significantly reducing congestion, preventing bottlenecks, and lowering transaction fees. These advantages make it an. ideal solution for users looking to conduct frequent or smaller transactions without being burdened by Ethereum's high gas costs.

Our marketplace for transferring copyright rights takes full advantage of Polygon's capabilities to offer creators and buyers an efficient and affordable platform for managing 'transactions. By using Polygon for transaction payments, our'marketplace drastically reduces fees, allowing users to exchange copyrights and claim royalties without worrying'abbut the high' costs typically associated with' block'chain transactions. This makes it especially appealing for creators who need to frequently transfer rights of receive smaller, regular -royalty payments, as the cost savings from lower gas fees make the process Tar more accessible. Additionally, by integrating Polygon, our platform ensures faster transaction processing, so users can complete rights transfers and receive payments without unnecessary delays. This not only enhances the user experience'bin also improves the overall efficiency of the marketplace, enabling a smoother,"more streamlined process for all participants.

Convolutional Neural Networks:
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are highly efficient in image recognition and similarity analysis, using methods like image augmentation and segmentation. In the context of securing copyrights for an art form' CNNs are'employed to compare the submitted artwork against existing works stored on the Interplanetary File System (IPFS). By calculating the similarity between the submitted piece and those in the database, the CNN returns a similarity score.

If the sirriilarity between the submitted artwork and any existing work exceeds 50%. the system flags it as a potential infringement and alerts the client. Ii' the similarity is below this threshold, the artwork proceeds for NFT minting.

I.P.FS (Inter Planetary File System):
The Interplanetary File System (IPFS) is a decentralized Hie storage protocol that enables peer-to- peer sharing of data across a distributed network. Unlike traditional centralized systems. IPFS uses content addressing, where files are accessed via unique cryptographic hashes, ensuring data integrity and availability. This approach enhances security, reduces reliance on single points of failure, and allows for faster data retrieval since multiple nodes can serve the same content.

Our marketplace Utilizes IPFS for storing'creations off-chain. Once the copyright has been granted through the marketplace, the approved creation will be uploaded to IPFS, generating a content identifier in return. This content identifier' along with'details about the creator and a description of the creation, is then minted and made available in 'die marketplace?

The original image is stored on IPFS, while the metadata'and a cryptographic hash of the image are saved in a relational database for tracking purposes. After mulling:The NFT is stored in the user's meta wallet, and ownership of the asset is confirmed via an email. Additionally, the NFT acts as a representation of ownership for the digital asset. ensuring authenticity and security 'of the copyright:

NFT:
An NFTfNon-Fungible Token) is a digital representation of'ownership over unique assets such as artwork, digital content, or videos, made possible by blockchain technology. Each NFT is distinct, created with a unique identification code derived from the asset's metadata via encryption. While the token itself is securely stored on the blockchain, the actual digital asset (like an image or video) is typically stored off-chain. The connection between the NFT and its underlying asset is what defines its uniqueness.

Tn digital marketplaces, NFTs enable the trading, rental, and bidding of copyrights. Every transaction involving an NFT is permanently recorded on the blockchain, and ownership details arc stored in the digital wallets of the participants. By tokenizing assets as NFTs; they can easily be added to*a meta wallet, symbolizing ownership of those"assets. :

The conversion of assets into NFTs streamlines the process of proving ownership and makes transferring ownership simple and secure. NFTs enhance transparency in digital transactions, as every ownership transfer is recorded on the blockchain. Upon transferring an NFT, the new owner receives confirmation via email, including a copyright certificate, ensuring'the authenticity of the ownership rights.

Additionally, NFTs make it easy to transfer ownership rights between parties, facilitating the smooth transfer of intellectual property with legally binding proof of ownership.

Meta Wallet:
Meta Wallet is used to securely store NFTs on the user's device. It keeps a record of all transactions, including the transfer of ownership rights, along with the transaction details. The wallet also stores the ownership rights associated with each asset. In this system, Meta Mask is utilized to manage both transaction records and ownership details, ensuring that all exchanges and transfers are securely tracked and accessible within the wallet.

Implementation:
Copyright Registration:
The registration process begins when a creator submits their artwork through die marketplace
website. First, the creation undergoes a similarity check, where it is compared to existing
copyrighted works stored in the Interplanetary File System (IPFS). If the similarity between the submitted artwork and existing works is less than 50%, the creation is allowed to proceed to the next phase.

In the'next'phase', the approved artwork is uploaded to IPFS. and a content identifier (CID) is generated. Along with metadata about the creator and the creation, the artwork is minted as an NET. which provides a unique identifier attached tci the creator's meta wallet. Once mimed, the'NET can be listed on the marketplace, making it available for licensing or royalty-based usage by otherusers.

Claims
We Claim,
Claim [1]: Blockchain generates an immutable ledger that can safely store the ownership of IPs and the history of transactions, meaning that patent rights for inventions, music, poems, art forms, and books will always be transparently documented and easier to verify.

Claim [2]: Deep learning algorithms can analyze vast datasets to detect potential copyright infringements in real-time, enabling creators to swiftly address unauthorized uses of their work and maintain the integrity of their patent rights.

Claim [3]: As said in Claim [I] Smart contracts on the blockchain can automate licensing agreements, including royalty payments, to provide timely compensation'to artists, authors, and inventors for their usage of IP. thereby minimizing administrative costs.

Claim [4]: As said in Claim [3] NFT minting allows developers to prove ownership of a unique digital creation, such as music, poetry, or art, and opens up new markets to buy, sell, and trade these assets while boosting their monetary value and exclusivity.

Claim [5]: As said in Claim [4] A bioekchain-based platform for IP rights can facilitate access to international markets, allowing Indian creators to showcase and monetize their work globally, thus expanding their audience and potential revenue streams.

Claim [6]: A secure and transparent medium of collaboration among creators and developers facilitates joint ventures and innovative projects while ensuring that all parties involved retain their patent rights and benefits.

Claim [7]: Blockchain and deep learning development may result in user-friendly IP management tools that simplify the process for creators to manage and protect their rights, making navigation of patent rights and NFT minting easier without needing extensive legal expertise.

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