Electrical Vehicle control by BLDC MOTOR using Four Quadrant chopper

Abstract

Four-quadrant operation can be achieved with three-phase brushless DC (BLDC) motors for electric vehicles (EVs). BLDC motors are becoming more common in EVs because of their small size, dependability, and efficiency. To achieve best electric vehicle (EV) performance, four-quadrant operation refers to the motor's capacity to function in both forward and reverse directions for both motoring and regenerative braking. A number of control techniques, such as sinusoidal and trapezoidal control, are examined to see how well they work in a range of operational scenarios. The initiative's difficulties are noted and examined, along with predictions for BLDC motor control trends for electric vehicles in the future. By offering a path for effective and eco-friendly EV propulsion through precise control of Three-Phase BLDC motors in all four quadrants, this research advances the technology of electric vehicles.

Specification

Description:Description

1. Title: Electrical Vehicle control by BLDC MOTOR using Four Quadrant chopper

2. Field of Invention: Power Electronics and Electric Drives

3. Abstract: Four-quadrant operation can be achieved with three-phase brushless DC (BLDC) motors for electric vehicles (EVs). BLDC motors are becoming more common in EVs because of their small size, dependability, and efficiency. To achieve best electric vehicle (EV) performance, four-quadrant operation refers to the motor's capacity to function in both forward and reverse directions for both motoring and regenerative braking. A number of control techniques, such as sinusoidal and trapezoidal control, are examined to see how well they work in a range of operational scenarios.
The initiative's difficulties are noted and examined, along with predictions for BLDC motor control trends for electric vehicles in the future. By offering a path for effective and eco-friendly EV propulsion through precise control of Three-Phase BLDC motors in all four quadrants, this research advances the technology of electric vehicles.

4. Background:

For a variety of applications, brushless DC motors are becoming more and more popular because of their compact size, improved efficiency, and longer lifespan. Plug-in electric vehicles (EVs) have become more popular as a result of the growing need for fuel-efficient electric vehicles (EVs) as gasoline reserves are being depleted. Although internal combustion engines (ICEs) do more environmental damage than electric vehicles (EVs), EVs still have drawbacks such poorer efficiency, larger size, and higher storage costs. The four quadrant operation, which charges the battery while regenerative braking, is one approach. By employing a single battery to power the motor and recover the motor's kinetic energy through regenerative mode, this technique lowers the cost of an additional rectifier and battery.
Regenerative braking is an additional technique to improve a drive system's efficiency. The drive system's kinetic energy can be utilized to recharge the battery during deceleration and downhill runs to slow down the vehicle when in regenerative mode.
5. Objective of Invention:
Developing a control system for a Brushless DC (BLDC) motor that can function in all four quadrants (forward, reverse, and braking) utilizing a bidirectional DC-DC converter is the main goal of Electrical Vehicle Control by BLDC MOTOR using Four Quadrant Chopper. By leveraging the benefits of BLDC motors, the project seeks to achieve great efficiency and energy savings in electric vehicle drives. In order to provide smooth acceleration, three-phase BLDC (Brushless DC) motors in electric cars must operate and be controlled in four quadrants. This allows for accurate and effective control over the motor's speed and torque.
6. Summary of Invention:
The new technology is a sophisticated control system for electric cars (EVs) that makes use of a four-quadrant chopper (drive) and a brushless DC (BLDC) motor. With the accurate speed and torque control offered by this system, the motor can run smoothly and efficiently under any driving circumstances.Permits control over the vehicle in all four directions forward, backward, forward, and reverse braking composed of power electronic switches that are arranged to regulate the current flow's direction and intensity. The driving fulfillment and safety are improved by electronic regulation of motor speed and torque. The technology is capable of handling a variety of driving scenarios, such as sharp turns and quick deceleration.The benefits of four-quadrant chopper drives with BLDC motors to improve performance, energy economy, and durability in contemporary electric vehicles.
7. Information about drawing:
By developing a BLDC motor with particular specifications, its operation in four quadrants was demonstrated. The motor was first run for three seconds in forward motoring mode, then for five seconds in braking mode to lower the speed from 1000 rpm to 350 rpm. Sometimes regenerative braking was necessary, but not always, at which point the torque command turned negative. With the BLDC motor's current control, the speed could be adjusted. The eight-second display of the simulation results depicted the motor operating in four quadrants at steady state. Fig. 10 showed the stator current, and the back EMF increased or decreased in response to the speed command, in a straight proportion to the speed. The 2021 IEEE PES GTD Asia torque was followed in conducting the simulation.
8. Best Methods for Coming out the Invention:
• The recommended procedures listed below to effectively bring an invention such as an EV control system that uses a BLDC motor and a four-quadrant chopper to market. These best practices include R&D, protection, funding, manufacturing, marketing, compliance, and post-market support.
• Perform rigorous bench tests to evaluate the system's performance in controlled environments. Verify the efficiency of the chopper and the motor control algorithms.

9. Industrial Applicability:
• There are plenty of industrial applications for the control system for electric vehicles (EVs) that uses a four-quadrant chopper and a brushless DC (BLDC) motor.
• This technology can be used for a variety of activities other than personal transportation because of its high efficiency, accuracy control, and durability. These are some important fields in which this invention can be used with success.
• Promotes the quieter and more efficient development of aviation technologies by improving the control and efficiency of aircraft's electric propulsion systems.




, Claims:CLAIMS

1. A power management system that controls how much electricity goes to and from the car's battery and motor when it is in the driving and braking modes.
2. Regenerative braking module that stores electrical energy in the car's battery by converting the vehicle's kinetic energy during braking

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