NEW DESIGN OF SOLID STATE TESLA COIL

Abstract

The present invention relates to a novel design for a Tesla Coil based on solid-state technology (SSTC). This design replaces the traditional spark-gap with a solid-state switch, specifically an NPN Transistor (102), which performs frequent switching to excite the primary winding (101). The secondary winding (100) is capable of generating high-voltage arcs in the range of 4000V-5000V, with the input voltage ranging between 25V and 120V. The coil is designed to produce high-frequency voltage up to 36,000V with low current, making it suitable for use in various applications such as leak detection, igniters in arc welders, and educational displays. Despite its high voltage, the low current output ensures safety, though precautions must be taken due to potential high-frequency radiation hazards.

Specification

Description:The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS AND PRIORITY
[001] The present application does not claim priority from any patent application.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[002] The present subject matter described herein, in general, relates to designing of a solid state tesla coil.
BACKGROUND
[003] Tesla Coils, originally invented by Nikola Tesla in 1891, are well-known for producing high-voltage, low-current, high-frequency electrical discharges. Traditionally, these coils utilize a spark gap to excite the primary circuit, which then induces high voltage in the secondary circuit. However, the spark gap technology can be inefficient and unreliable. The development of Solid-State Tesla Coils (SSTC) has provided a modern alternative, using transistors as switches to replace the spark gap and achieve more controlled, reliable operation. Existing designs, however, often face limitations in voltage generation and safety concerns, particularly due to high-frequency radiation.
[004] US1119732A, In endeavouring to adapt currents or discharges of very high tension to various valuable uses, as the distribution of energy through wires from central plants to distant places of consumption, or the transmission of powerful disturbances to great distances, through the natural or non-artificial media, Electrical system have encountered difficulties in confining considerable amounts of electricity to the conductors and preventing its leakage over their supports, or its escape into the ambient air, which always takes place when the electric surface density reaches a certain value. However, this system is meant for serving very high demand.
[005] US512340A, In electric apparatus or systems in which alternating currents are employed the self-induction of the coils or conductors may, and, in fact, in many cases does operate disadvantageously by giving rise to false currents which often reduce what is known as the commercial efficiency of the apparatus' composing the system or operate detrimentally in other respects. The effects of self-induction, above referred to, are known to be neutralized by proportioning to a proper degree the capacity of the circuit with relation to the self-induction and frequency of the currents. This has been accomplished heretofore by the use of condensers constructed and applied as separate instruments. However, efficiency still remains the concern for this invention.
OBJECT
[006] The primary objective of this invention is to create a more efficient, reliable, and safe Tesla Coil design based on solid-state technology. By using an NPN Transistor as a solid-state switch, the need for a spark gap is eliminated, providing better control over the excitation of the primary winding. This design aims to generate high-voltage arcs in the range of 4000V-5000V, with the flexibility of producing up to 36,000V, while maintaining low current for safety. The invention seeks to enhance the use of Tesla Coils in applications such as educational demonstrations, industrial igniters, and high-voltage experimental studies, while mitigating the risks associated with high-frequency radiation.
SUMMARY
[007] This invention introduces a Solid-State Tesla Coil (SSTC) design that replaces the traditional spark gap with an NPN Transistor (102) to enable frequent switching and excitation of the primary coil. The secondary winding (100) is designed with approximately 1500 turns and is capable of generating high-frequency voltages between 5000V and 36,000V, with very low current output to ensure safety. The Tesla Coil operates within an input voltage range of 25V to 120V, allowing flexibility in power requirements.
[008] This invention addresses key challenges associated with traditional Tesla Coils, providing improved reliability, efficiency, and safety for applications in scientific research, industrial processes, and educational environments. However, precautions must be taken to avoid harm from high-frequency radiation and skin burns due to high voltage.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[009] The foregoing detailed description of embodiments is better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the present subject matter, an example of the construction of the present subject matter is provided as figures; however, the invention is not limited to the specific method disclosed in the document and the figures.
[0010] FIG 1: Illustrates the working of the model with the help of a chart
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0011] Some embodiments of this disclosure, illustrating all its features, will now be discussed in detail. The words "comprising," "having," "containing," and "including," and other forms thereof, are intended to be equivalent in meaning and be open-ended in that an item or items following any one of these words is not meant to be an exhaustive listing of such item or items, or meant to be limited to only the listed item or items. It must also be noted that as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Although any product used for design of tesla coil may be used in the practice or testing of embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0012] The primary winding (101) of the Tesla Coil is designed to be excited by a solid-state switch, specifically an NPN Transistor (102), which functions as the key switching component. The solid-state switch replaces the traditional spark gap, providing a more reliable and controlled means of generating high-frequency electrical pulses. In this configuration, the NPN Transistor (102) rapidly switches on and off, controlling the current flow through the primary winding (101).
[0013] This repeated switching creates a high-frequency oscillation in the primary circuit, inducing a corresponding electromagnetic field. The electromagnetic field generated by the primary winding (101) then excites the secondary winding (100) through mutual inductance, resulting in the production of high-voltage arcs at the output of the secondary coil.
[0014] The primary winding (101) consists of 4-5 turns of conductive wire and is designed to handle input voltages ranging from 25V to 120V. The solid-state switch ensures efficient energy transfer to the primary coil by minimizing losses and allowing precise control over the frequency and intensity of the excitation process. This design not only enhances the performance of the Tesla Coil by providing a stable and consistent high-voltage output but also reduces the wear and tear associated with traditional spark gap systems, making the overall system more durable and efficient for high-voltage applications.
[0015] The secondary winding (100) of the Tesla Coil is designed with approximately 1500 turns of fine, insulated copper wire, tightly wound to form a cylindrical coil. This extensive number of turns is crucial for stepping up the voltage induced by the primary winding (101), allowing the secondary coil to generate a high-frequency, high-voltage output. The configuration of the secondary winding (100) is optimized to produce voltage in the range of 4000V to 5000V, with minimal current. The design focuses on maximizing the inductance of the coil, which works in conjunction with the electromagnetic field generated by the primary winding (101).
[0016] The large number of turns increases the coil's inductive reactance, leading to a significant step-up in voltage, despite the relatively low input voltage applied to the primary winding (101). This results in the production of high-frequency voltage, which is responsible for the visible arcs and electrical discharges typically associated with Tesla Coils. The fine copper wire used in the secondary winding (100) is carefully selected for its electrical conductivity and insulation properties, ensuring that the coil can withstand the high voltages without experiencing breakdown or loss of efficiency.
[0017] By carefully tuning the frequency and resonance between the primary and secondary coils, the system is capable of producing stable, high-voltage arcs in the range of 4000V to 5000V. This high-voltage output is essential for applications such as creating plasma arcs, testing electrical components, or demonstrating high-voltage principles in educational and experimental settings.
[0018] The input voltage source for this Tesla Coil design is capable of varying between 25V and 120V, providing flexibility in the power supply to accommodate different operating conditions. The variation in input voltage is a crucial aspect, as it allows the user to control the energy delivered to the primary winding (101) of the coil, thereby influencing the voltage output at the secondary winding (100). This wide voltage range enables the coil to be used in a variety of applications, from low-power demonstrations to more intense high-voltage experiments.
[0019] The NPN Transistor (102) used in this design acts as a solid-state switch, replacing the traditional spark gap used in earlier Tesla Coil designs. The transistor operates by rapidly switching on and off, creating a series of high-frequency pulses that excite the primary winding (101) of the coil. This switching frequency is carefully tuned to resonate with the natural frequency of the primary and secondary circuits, ensuring maximum energy transfer between them.
[0020] As the transistor switches, it induces a magnetic field in the primary winding (101), which in turn induces a corresponding current in the secondary winding (100) through electromagnetic induction. This process results in the generation of high-voltage arcs at the secondary winding (100), with the voltage output being significantly higher than the input voltage, reaching levels between 5000V and 36,000V depending on the input. The ability to vary the input voltage between 25V and 120V allows for fine control over the intensity of the high-voltage arcs, making the system versatile for both low-power educational purposes and higher-power applications requiring more substantial voltage outputs.
[0021] The secondary winding (100) in this Tesla Coil design is specifically configured to generate a high-frequency direct current (DC) voltage in the range of 5000V to 36,000V, while maintaining a low current output. The coil achieves this by utilizing the resonant properties of the circuit, wherein energy from the primary coil is transferred to the secondary coil in a manner that amplifies the voltage significantly without increasing the current to dangerous levels. The low current ensures that, despite the high voltage, the system remains non-lethal to humans, as the electrical current passing through the body is insufficient to cause fatal harm. However, care must still be taken, as high-frequency radiation and voltage can still pose risks such as skin burns or discomfort.
[0022] The high-frequency nature of the voltage output also plays a key role in exciting nearby air molecules, leading to the formation of plasma. When the secondary coil produces arcs, the surrounding air is ionized, causing it to become conductive and generate a visible plasma discharge. This effect can be observed as bright, glowing arcs of electricity, which are a hallmark of Tesla Coil operations. The coil's ability to produce plasma makes it suitable for applications in scientific research, educational demonstrations, and as a tool for studying high-voltage phenomena in a controlled environment. The configuration of the secondary winding (100), therefore, optimally balances high voltage and low current to enable safe yet impactful demonstrations of electrical plasma and high-voltage behavior.
[0023] In another embodiment, the Tesla coil is designed with 4 to 5 primary winding (101)s, forming the primary circuit that plays a critical role in the system's voltage transformation process. The coil's primary winding (101) is constructed using highly conductive materials to ensure minimal resistance and maximize efficiency in transferring energy to the secondary circuit. The design incorporates an adjustable input voltage feature, which allows the Tesla coil to operate with a variable input ranging from 25V to 120V. This adjustability provides flexibility in the operation of the coil, enabling different levels of voltage output to be generated based on the input supplied.
[0024] When a lower input voltage, such as 25V, is used, the system generates a more controlled output, suitable for educational demonstrations or applications requiring moderate voltage levels. As the input voltage is increased towards 120V, the system excites the primary winding (101) to a greater extent, producing higher voltages at the secondary winding (100), potentially reaching up to 36,000V on the secondary side. The flexibility in input voltage not only allows the user to adapt the Tesla coil for various experimental or practical purposes but also ensures that the system can be safely operated across a range of input power levels without requiring major modifications to the hardware. This makes the coil suitable for a wide range of applications, from simple demonstrations to more complex research involving high-voltage behavior.
[0025] The design of 4 to 5 primary winding (101)s also provides sufficient inductance and magnetic coupling to efficiently transfer energy to the secondary circuit, which in turn, generates the high-frequency, high-voltage arcs that are characteristic of Tesla coils. This configuration ensures that the system remains versatile while maintaining optimal performance under varying input conditions.
[0026] The Tesla coil is used to detect leaks in high vacuum systems by ionizing air or gas molecules present in the system. The high-frequency voltage generated by the Tesla coil excites any residual gas molecules, making it easier to detect the presence of leaks. The generated arcs can cause visible or measurable electrical disturbances when they interact with gas escaping through microscopic leaks, thus identifying points of failure in the vacuum system. The solid-state switch in the Tesla coil allows for precise control of the frequency and intensity of the arcs, ensuring accurate detection without causing damage to delicate vacuum apparatus.
[0027] The Tesla coil also functions as a reliable igniter for arc welders, utilizing its high-voltage output to initiate the welding arc. When used in welding equipment, the high-frequency voltage from the secondary winding (100) helps to ionize the air between the welding electrode and the workpiece, creating a conductive plasma channel. This plasma initiates the arc without requiring direct contact between the electrode and the metal surface, thus improving welding efficiency and reducing electrode wear. The solid-state design of the Tesla coil ensures consistent and controlled ignition, which enhances the precision and safety of the welding process.
[0028] In another embodiment, the Tesla coil system is designed to generate high-voltage outputs in the range of 5,000V to 36,000V through the secondary winding (100), which produces high-frequency electrical arcs. Despite the seemingly dangerous voltage levels, the current involved is extremely low, making the high-voltage arcs generally non-lethal to humans. This characteristic of the system arises from its ability to produce high voltage while limiting the amperage, a key safety feature. As a result, while the arcs can deliver impressive electrical discharges, they are unlikely to cause severe electric shocks because the current remains well below harmful levels.
[0029] However, due to the high-frequency nature of the electrical discharges, the system does pose certain risks that must be carefully managed. High-frequency radiation emitted from the arcs can potentially interact with the human body in harmful ways. One such risk is skin burns; even though the current is low, the high voltage combined with high-frequency radiation can cause localized heating of the skin, which may lead to burns if direct contact is made or if a person remains in close proximity to the arcs for prolonged periods.
[0030] Additionally, the high-frequency radiation emitted from the Tesla coil system could pose other health risks, including potential long-term exposure effects. Prolonged or repeated exposure to high-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) may have adverse effects on human tissue, especially in the case of unshielded operation. These high-frequency emissions may penetrate the skin or other biological tissues, possibly affecting cellular structures and increasing the risk of harm over time. Therefore, shielding or protective measures should be implemented to minimize exposure to both operators and spectators when the system is in use.
[0031] In another embodiment, the solid-state Tesla coil (SSTC) is designed to excite other electrical circuits, enabling them to generate a broad range of high voltages for experimental purposes. The SSTC achieves this through its unique capability to operate at high frequencies and produce substantial voltage amplification without relying on the traditional spark-gap mechanism. Instead, a solid-state switching mechanism, such as an NPN Transistor (102), is employed to rapidly alternate the current in the primary winding (101), which subsequently induces a high-voltage output in the secondary winding (100).
[0032] This ability to excite external circuits opens up a wide array of applications, particularly in the field of high-voltage experimental studies. By connecting the Tesla coil to different electrical circuits, researchers and engineers can observe how various materials, components, or systems behave under high-voltage stress. The high-frequency, high-voltage output generated by the SSTC can be utilized to simulate conditions that are otherwise difficult to replicate, such as electrical discharges, plasma generation, or the breakdown of insulating materials. This makes the SSTC a versatile tool for testing the durability and reliability of electronic components, for studying the effects of high-voltage electrical fields, and for investigating the behavior of different circuit configurations in high-voltage environments.
[0033] Furthermore, the system's capability to vary the input voltage (ranging from 25V to 120V) allows for precise control over the resulting output voltages, enabling fine-tuning for different experimental conditions. The generated high voltages, which can range from 5,000V to 36,000V, provide flexibility in experimental setups, accommodating a wide variety of test scenarios. This feature enhances the SSTC's utility as a resonant transformer capable of not only producing high voltages in its own secondary winding (100) but also transferring that energy to connected circuits, which can amplify or modify the voltage according to the experimental needs.
[0034] Tesla coil induces plasma formation by exciting air molecules within its operational range. This process occurs due to the high-voltage arcs produced by the Tesla coil when the air around it becomes ionized. As the air molecules are excited by the high-frequency energy emitted from the coil, they form a visible plasma, allowing for the study of high-voltage arcs and their behavior in different environmental conditions.
[0035] The use of a solid-state switch, such as an NPN Transistor (102), is central to the operation of this Tesla coil. Instead of using the traditional spark-gap method for switching, which can be less efficient and harder to control, the NPN Transistor (102) provides frequent, precise switching. This ensures that the primary winding (101) of the coil is excited at a consistent rate, resulting in the generation of high-voltage arcs in the secondary winding (100). The use of solid-state switching enhances the reliability and control of the coil, allowing for smooth, efficient operation.
[0036] In addition to this, the system incorporates a protective shielding mechanism designed to mitigate the effects of the high-frequency radiation emitted by the Tesla coil during operation. This shielding is crucial for reducing potential harm to humans, as exposure to high-frequency radiation can have adverse health effects. The protective mechanism ensures that the high-frequency radiation is contained within a safe range, enabling the Tesla coil to be used in educational and experimental settings with minimal risk to operators or observers.
, Claims:1. A solid-state Tesla coil (SSTC) system, comprising:
a. a primary winding (101) configured to be excited by a solid-state switch,
b. a secondary winding (100) having approximately 1500 turns, capable of producing high-frequency voltage in the range of 4000V-5000V,
c. a solid-state switch comprising an NPN Transistor (102), configured to replace a traditional spark gap, and
d. an input voltage source capable of varying between 25V and 120V.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the secondary winding (100) is further configured to generate high-frequency voltage in the range of 5000V-36,000V (DC) with low current.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the Tesla coil consists of 4-5 primary winding (101)s and is designed to operate with an adjustable input voltage.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the solid-state Tesla coil is configured for various applications, including but not limited to:
a. use as a leak detector in scientific high vacuum systems,
b. use as an igniter in arc welders, and
c. as an educational exhibit in science museums and exhibitions.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is capable of generating high-frequency radiation which may pose risks such as skin burns and harmful radiation exposure to human health.
6. The system of claim 1, further comprising a resonant transformer setup, wherein the primary circuit is excited using the NPN Transistor (102) switch.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the solid-state Tesla coil is capable of exciting other electric circuits to generate a range of high voltages, enabling its use in experimental high-voltage studies.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the Tesla coil is capable of inducing plasma formation by exciting air molecules within its operational range.

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