DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF HYBRID POWER SYSTEMS FOR HOSPITAL IN YEMEN

Abstract

ABSTRACT “DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF HYBRID POWER SYSTEMS FOR HOSPITAL IN YEMEN” The present invention provides design and analysis of hybrid power systems for hospital in Yemen designed for off-grid healthcare facilities, integrating renewable energy sources (solar, wind), diesel generators, and battery storage to provide reliable, cost-effective, and sustainable power solutions. The system optimizes energy distribution through a microgrid controller that adapts to varying environmental conditions using sensitivity analysis. It reduces dependency on diesel, minimizes operational costs, and lowers CO₂ emissions. The invention includes an economic efficiency module to monitor the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and net present cost (NPC), ensuring economic viability. The design is tailored to healthcare needs, providing uninterrupted power with a practical, executable implementation plan. Figure 1

Specification

Description:TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sustainable energy solutions, and more particularly, the present invention relates to the design and analysis of hybrid power systems for hospital in Yemen.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] The following discussion of the background of the invention is intended to facilitate an understanding of the present invention. However, it should be appreciated that the discussion is not an acknowledgment or admission that any of the material referred to was published, known, or part of the common general knowledge in any jurisdiction as of the application's priority date. The details provided herein the background if belongs to any publication is taken only as a reference for describing the problems, in general terminologies or principles or both of science and technology in the associated prior art.
[0003] Rural hospitals in Yemen face critical disruptions in healthcare services due to frequent and prolonged electricity blackouts, primarily caused by the ongoing war. These hospitals rely heavily on diesel generators, which:
- Are costly to operate due to high global fuel prices.
- Emit harmful pollutants, impacting the environment.
- Experience frequent breakdowns, compromising reliable power.
- Although Yemen has significant solar energy potential, the war and other challenges limit effective solar PV integration:
- Limited expertise and resources are available for designing optimized PV-diesel hybrid systems.
- Current systems lack a comprehensive design approach that accounts for all operational and environmental needs in healthcare settings.
- A structured, balanced approach for designing reliable and sustainable power systems in hospitals is lacking.
[0004] In light of the foregoing, there is a need for design and analysis of hybrid power systems for hospital in Yemen that overcomes problems prevalent in the prior art associated with the traditionally available method or system, of the above-mentioned inventions that can be used with the presented disclosed technique with or without modification.
[0005] All publications herein are incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication or patent application were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. Where a definition or use of a term in an incorporated reference is inconsistent or contrary to the definition of that term provided herein, the definition of that term provided herein applies, and the definition of that term in the reference does not apply.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[0006] The principal object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art by providing design and analysis of hybrid power systems for hospital in Yemen.
[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide design and analysis of hybrid power systems for hospital in Yemen that optimizes the sizing and design of PV-diesel hybrids for off-grid hospitals.
[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide design and analysis of hybrid power systems for hospital in Yemen that uses location-specific simulations to provide cost-effective, practical solutions.
[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide design and analysis of hybrid power systems for hospital in Yemen that offers a comprehensive framework that enables sustainable, resilient, and affordable energy solutions, ensuring reliable power for healthcare services amid ongoing conflict
[0010] The foregoing and other objects of the present invention will become readily apparent upon further review of the following detailed description of the embodiments as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0011] The present invention relates to design and analysis of hybrid power systems for hospital in Yemen.
[0012] The thesis evaluates ten hybrid energy setups aimed at delivering cost-effective, reliable, and sustainable power solutions for off-grid hospitals. These setups are designed to reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and net present cost (NPC), minimize fuel usage, reduce carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, shorten investment payback periods, and provide a detailed design process for optimal system sizing. By integrating various renewable sources, the proposed system conducts rigorous cost and load assessments across multiple configurations, identifying the most effective solutions with the lowest LCOE, reduced NPC, and highest internal rate of return (IRR).
[0013] The system configurations, illustrated in Fig 1, include the following scenarios:
- Scenario 1: Grid + DG1 (500 kVA) - A baseline system with grid access and a single diesel generator.
- Scenario 2: Grid + DG1 + PV - Adds solar PV to reduce reliance on fuel and cut emissions.
- Scenario 3: Grid + DG1 + PV + Battery - Incorporates battery storage for increased backup and peak-load support.
- Scenario 4: Grid + DG1 + PV + Battery + Wind - Integrates wind energy for a more diverse renewable mix.
- Scenario 5: Grid + DG1 + PV + Battery + Wind + DG2 (250 kVA) - Enhances system reliability with dual diesel generators alongside renewables.
- Scenario 6: Grid + DG1 + PV + DG2 - A simplified configuration with dual diesel and PV components.
- Scenario 7: DG1 + PV + Battery + Wind (Off-grid) - A fully off-grid system, combining renewables with diesel backup.
- Scenario 8: DG1 + PV + Battery + Wind + DG2 (Off-grid) - Robust off-grid configuration featuring dual diesel and comprehensive renewable integration.
- Scenario 9: DG1 + PV + DG2 (Off-grid) - Lean off-grid setup utilizing dual diesel and PV only.
- Scenario 10: Grid + DG1 + PV + Wind - Blends grid, diesel, PV, and wind components for an optimized hybrid approach.
[0014] While the invention has been described and shown with reference to the preferred embodiment, it will be apparent that variations might be possible that would fall within the scope of the present invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0015] So that the manner in which the above-recited features of the present invention can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may have been referred by embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only typical embodiments of this invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the invention may admit to other equally effective embodiments.
[0016] These and other features, benefits, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent by reference to the following text figure, with like reference numbers referring to like structures across the views, wherein:
[0017] Fig 1-Schematics of the proposed systems.
[0018] Fig 2: Comparative Analysis of Scenarios (Economical Aspect).
[0019] Fig 3: Power Sources to Meet the Load.
[0020] Fig 4: Sensitivity Analysis.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0021] While the present invention is described herein by way of example using embodiments and illustrative drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention is not limited to the embodiments of drawing or drawings described and are not intended to represent the scale of the various components. Further, some components that may form a part of the invention may not be illustrated in certain figures, for ease of illustration, and such omissions do not limit the embodiments outlined in any way. It should be understood that the drawings and the detailed description thereto are not intended to limit the invention to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claim.
[0022] As used throughout this description, the word "may" is used in a permissive sense (i.e. meaning having the potential to), rather than the mandatory sense, (i.e. meaning must). Further, the words "a" or "an" mean "at least one" and the word "plurality" means "one or more" unless otherwise mentioned. Furthermore, the terminology and phraseology used herein are solely used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as limiting in scope. Language such as "including," "comprising," "having," "containing," or "involving," and variations thereof, is intended to be broad and encompass the subject matter listed thereafter, equivalents, and additional subject matter not recited, and is not intended to exclude other additives, components, integers, or steps. Likewise, the term "comprising" is considered synonymous with the terms "including" or "containing" for applicable legal purposes. Any discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles, and the like are included in the specification solely for the purpose of providing a context for the present invention. It is not suggested or represented that any or all these matters form part of the prior art base or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the present invention.
[0023] In this disclosure, whenever a composition or an element or a group of elements is preceded with the transitional phrase "comprising", it is understood that we also contemplate the same composition, element, or group of elements with transitional phrases "consisting of", "consisting", "selected from the group of consisting of, "including", or "is" preceding the recitation of the composition, element or group of elements and vice versa.
[0024] The present invention is described hereinafter by various embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein reference numerals used in the accompanying drawing correspond to the like elements throughout the description. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiment set forth herein. Rather, the embodiment is provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the following detailed description, numeric values and ranges are provided for various aspects of the implementations described. These values and ranges are to be treated as examples only and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims. In addition, several materials are identified as suitable for various facets of the implementations. These materials are to be treated as exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
[0025] The present invention relates to design and analysis of hybrid power systems for hospital in Yemen.
[0026] The thesis evaluates ten hybrid energy setups aimed at delivering cost-effective, reliable, and sustainable power solutions for off-grid hospitals. These setups are designed to reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and net present cost (NPC), minimize fuel usage, reduce carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, shorten investment payback periods, and provide a detailed design process for optimal system sizing. By integrating various renewable sources, the proposed system conducts rigorous cost and load assessments across multiple configurations, identifying the most effective solutions with the lowest LCOE, reduced NPC, and highest internal rate of return (IRR).
[0027] The system configurations, illustrated in Fig 1, include the following scenarios:
- Scenario 1: Grid + DG1 (500 kVA) - A baseline system with grid access and a single diesel generator.
- Scenario 2: Grid + DG1 + PV - Adds solar PV to reduce reliance on fuel and cut emissions.
- Scenario 3: Grid + DG1 + PV + Battery - Incorporates battery storage for increased backup and peak-load support.
- Scenario 4: Grid + DG1 + PV + Battery + Wind - Integrates wind energy for a more diverse renewable mix.
- Scenario 5: Grid + DG1 + PV + Battery + Wind + DG2 (250 kVA) - Enhances system reliability with dual diesel generators alongside renewables.
- Scenario 6: Grid + DG1 + PV + DG2 - A simplified configuration with dual diesel and PV components.
- Scenario 7: DG1 + PV + Battery + Wind (Off-grid) - A fully off-grid system, combining renewables with diesel backup.
- Scenario 8: DG1 + PV + Battery + Wind + DG2 (Off-grid) - Robust off-grid configuration featuring dual diesel and comprehensive renewable integration.
- Scenario 9: DG1 + PV + DG2 (Off-grid) - Lean off-grid setup utilizing dual diesel and PV only.
- Scenario 10: Grid + DG1 + PV + Wind - Blends grid, diesel, PV, and wind components for an optimized hybrid approach.
[0028] Through an in-depth analysis of system architecture, energy performance, fuel usage, emissions, and cost-effectiveness, the evaluation reveals that Scenario 6 (S6) is the most optimal configuration for achieving reliability, sustainability, and economic efficiency goals. Illustrated in Fig 2, Scenario 6 delivers the lowest costs, cutting the net present cost (NPC), cost of energy (COE), and CO₂ emissions by 16.7%, 19.7%, and 31.65%, respectively, compared to the baseline configuration. It also demonstrates strong financial viability, with a payback period of 4.5 years and an internal rate of return (IRR) of 22.3%, marking substantial savings over the project's lifespan.
[0029] This choice reflects a balance across diverse criteria such as spatial constraints, energy demand, and financial metrics, including COE, NPC, and renewable energy production. Despite limited space, Scenario 6 supports a significant solar panel installation of 530 kW, contributing 36.6% of the energy from renewable sources. This setup not only aligns with sustainability goals but also achieves a 31.65% reduction in CO₂ emissions, underlining its impact on reducing environmental pollutants and its alignment with long-term ecological objectives.
[0030] The optimal scenario 6 (S6) ensures the ability to meet load requirements under any conditions by integrating all available energy sources. This setup effectively supplies power during low sunlight periods, such as early mornings, late evenings, or during seasons with extreme temperatures or fluctuating solar radiation. It also adapts to both significant and minor increases in load demand, as illustrated in Fig 3.
[0031] This solution offers several benefits, particularly for off-grid healthcare facilities in Yemen:
[0032] Enhanced Reliability: The system prioritizes uninterrupted power, crucial for healthcare facilities, with resilience in scenarios of fluctuating solar availability or increased load, setting it apart from traditional solutions.
[0033] Economic Efficiency: The hybrid design reduces net present costs (NPC) and levelized cost of energy (LCOE) compared to conventional setups, with lower diesel dependency and fuel costs.
[0034] Sustainability: By integrating renewable energy sources such as solar and wind, the solution significantly lowers CO₂ emissions, contributing positively to environmental goals.
[0035] Sensitivity Analysis and Optimal Design: Sensitivity analysis, as seen in Fig 4, and detailed executable design plans, illustrated in Fig 5, provide clear implementation guidelines, which are often lacking in other studies.
[0036] Commercial Potential: This solution has a strong economic appeal for healthcare and other sectors needing reliable off-grid power. The design can be scaled or adapted for various commercial uses, making it a versatile and marketable technology for regions with similar infrastructure and energy challenges.
[0037] The novel aspects of this study that require protection include the hybrid energy system's unique configuration specifically tailored for healthcare facilities. Unlike conventional solutions, which may not fully address the energy reliability needs of hospitals to ensure uninterrupted power, even in that area with challenging climates or limited grid access.
[0038] Healthcare-Specific Design: Unlike general hybrid solutions, this system is engineered to meet the high-dependability requirements of hospitals, providing consistent, 24/7 power crucial for medical equipment and emergency services.
[0039] Advanced Sensitivity Analysis: This solution uses an in-depth sensitivity analysis to adapt to fluctuating energy demands and environmental factors like sunlight variability, temperature changes, the price of diesel ,and peak load requirements. These adjustments maintain system efficiency, as illustrated in the sensitivity analysis in Fig 4.
[0040] Comprehensive, Executable Design: Many existing models lack practical implementation details. This invention includes a detailed, executable design blueprint, as depicted in Fig 5, making it ready for on-ground execution . This practical drawing ensures easy adaptation to real-world applications in healthcare, highlighting the layout and optimal component placement.
[0041] Economic and Environmental Efficiency: The solution reduces the levelized cost of energy (LCOE), net present cost (NPC), and CO₂ emissions through optimized hybrid configurations. It achieves this while maintaining a shorter payback period and improved internal rate of return (IRR), essential for long-term sustainability.
[0042] Applications of the present invention:
- Off-Grid Healthcare Facilities: Provides reliable and sustainable power solutions for hospitals and clinics in remote areas.
- Rural Electrification: Facilitates access to electricity in rural regions lacking a stable power grid.
- Hybrid Energy Systems: Combines various renewable energy sources (solar, diesel) for efficient energy generation.
- Cost-Effective Energy Solutions: Reduces operational costs by lowering the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) and minimizing fuel consumption.
- Environmental Sustainability: Decreases carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, contributing to environmental protection.
- Techno-Economic Modeling: Offers insights into the economic viability of renewable energy projects, aiding in decision-making for investments.
- Energy Resilience: Enhances grid resilience by integrating diverse energy sources, ensuring consistent power supply during fluctuations.
- Implementation-Ready Designs: Provides detailed schematics that facilitate the practical deployment of hybrid energy systems.
- Sensitivity Analysis: Aids in understanding the impact of different variables on system performance, enabling better planning and management.
[0043] Various modifications to these embodiments are apparent to those skilled in the art from the description and the accompanying drawings. The principles associated with the various embodiments described herein may be applied to other embodiments. Therefore, the description is not intended to be limited to the 5 embodiments shown along with the accompanying drawings but is to be providing the broadest scope consistent with the principles and the novel and inventive features disclosed or suggested herein. Accordingly, the invention is anticipated to hold on to all other such alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the present invention and appended claims. , Claims:CLAIMS
We Claim:
1) A hybrid power system for off-grid healthcare facilities, the system comprising:
- multiple renewable energy sources, including solar photovoltaic (PV) panels and wind turbines, configured to reduce dependency on fossil fuels and lower carbon emissions;
- at least one diesel generator for backup power to ensure continuous supply during periods of low renewable energy availability;
- a battery storage system connected to the renewable energy sources to store excess energy and provide additional power support during peak loads or renewable energy shortfalls;
- a microgrid controller that optimizes energy distribution across sources and manages energy flow based on real-time load requirements and availability of renewable resources.
2) The hybrid power system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microgrid controller utilizes a sensitivity analysis algorithm to dynamically adjust energy distribution, optimizing fuel usage and power reliability under varying environmental conditions, such as sunlight variability and temperature changes.
3) The hybrid power system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system further comprising an economic efficiency module configured to monitor and minimize the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and net present cost (NPC) by adjusting generator usage and prioritizing renewable energy sources, thereby reducing operational costs and payback periods.
4) A method for implementing a hybrid power system for off-grid healthcare facilities, the method comprising the steps of:
- assessing and selecting optimal energy sources from a combination of solar PV, wind, and diesel generators based on local environmental and economic factors;
- configuring a battery storage unit to store surplus energy generated by renewable sources for later use, ensuring uninterrupted power during peak loads or low renewable production periods;
- conducting a sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impact of load demand fluctuations, fuel cost changes, and renewable energy availability on the system's performance and adjust energy distribution accordingly; and
- providing a detailed, executable design for the layout and integration of system components tailored specifically for healthcare facilities to ensure reliable and cost-effective power supply.

Documents