CONTINUOUS WIRELESS CHARGING SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES WHILE DRIVING

Abstract

ABSTRACT The present disclosure introduces a continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 utilizes electromagnetic induction (EMI) technology integrated into road surfaces. The system comprises of IR Sensor 102, transmitter coil 104, receiver coil 106, AC power supply 108, relay 110, arduino uno 112, dc to ac converter 114, ac to dc converter 116, battery 118, motor 120, step-down transformer 122. As the vehicle moves over the road, the transmitter coils generate an electromagnetic field, which wirelessly transfers energy to the receiver coil, charging the vehicle’s battery.. The use of resonant inductive coupling enhances energy transfer efficiency, allowing dynamic, high-speed charging without the need for the vehicle to stop. The system is designed to be cost-effective, scalable, and can integrate renewable energy sources. It aims to improve EV charging convenience, reduce downtime, and promote the widespread adoption of electric vehicles.

Specification

Description:CONTINUOUS WIRELESS CHARGING SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES WHILE DRIVING
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present innovation relates to the field of electric vehicle charging systems, specifically focusing on continuous wireless charging using electromagnetic induction (EMI) while vehicles are in motion. It addresses the need for efficient, on-the-go charging solutions for electric vehicles integrated within existing road infrastructure.

BACKGROUND

[0002] The current electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure faces several limitations, particularly in dynamic charging systems. One of the most significant issues is the need for vehicles to stop at dedicated charging stations, which reduces the convenience and efficiency of EV ownership. Traditional wired charging methods also suffer from inefficiencies, long charging times, and the need for extensive infrastructure development. Even with existing wireless charging technologies, several drawbacks persist, such as limited range, low efficiency, high installation costs, and safety concerns regarding electromagnetic radiation. These limitations create significant challenges in promoting widespread adoption of wireless charging for electric vehicles, particularly for dynamic, on-the-go charging.

[0003] Several existing patents attempt to address these issues with varying degrees of success. Patent 202431059737 introduces an innovative magnetic coupler to enhance dynamic wireless charging by optimizing coil design, materials, and control systems for high power transfer efficiency and rapid charging. Patent 202441060493 focuses on wireless charging for parked vehicles, employing inductive charging technology, while Patent 202441056583 explores solar-powered wireless charging for EVs on the move. Patent 202427056043 presents an apparatus that involves a charge-transmitting device mounted above the vehicle, automatically directed by optical sensors to engage with a receiving coil. Another invention, Patent 202441054216, aims to overcome range anxiety with a rapid charging infrastructure, integrating grid management and battery technology. These advancements, while promising, still leave room for improvement in terms of efficiency, cost, safety, and the ability to charge vehicles while driving. Additionally, Patent 202441051152 proposes a mobility-aware algorithm for dynamically allocating EVs to charging lanes, but this approach is more focused on managing demand than solving core technical challenges in dynamic charging itself.

[0004] The proposed invention differentiates itself from the existing patents by providing a method for continuous wireless charging of electric vehicles while in motion, utilizing a system of electromagnetic induction (EMI) coils inlaid into road surfaces. Unlike previous solutions, this invention extends the range of wireless power transfer through optimized coil designs, resonant circuits, and advanced materials, allowing for efficient dynamic charging over longer distances. The novelty of this invention lies in its ability to charge EVs continuously as they move, without the need for stops, and in its cost-effective integration with existing road infrastructure. The system's modular design reduces the financial burden of installation and includes advanced safety features like electromagnetic shielding and foreign object detection to address concerns of radiation and interference with other devices. This innovation not only overcomes the drawbacks of existing technologies but also offers a scalable, efficient, and practical system for the growing EV market.




OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The primary object of the invention is to provide a continuous wireless charging system that allows electric vehicles to be charged while driving, eliminating the need for frequent stops at charging stations.

[0006] Another object of the invention is to enhance the convenience of electric vehicle ownership by integrating wireless charging technology directly into road infrastructure.

[0007] Another object of the invention is to improve the efficiency of electric vehicle charging by optimizing the design of electromagnetic induction coils for maximum energy transfer.

[0008] Another object of the invention is to reduce charging times for electric vehicles by allowing dynamic charging at high speeds on highways and roads.

[0009] Another object of the invention is to lower the cost of wireless charging infrastructure through a modular design that can be easily integrated into existing road systems.

[00010] Another object of the invention is to enhance the safety of wireless charging by incorporating advanced electromagnetic shielding and foreign object detection technologies.

[00011] Another object of the invention is to overcome the limitations of range and efficiency present in existing wireless charging systems, enabling longer distance charging without interruptions.

[00012] Another object of the invention is to promote sustainability by utilizing renewable energy sources, such as solar power, to energize the transmitter coils in the wireless charging system.

[00013] Another object of the invention is to facilitate the widespread adoption of electric vehicles by providing a more reliable and accessible charging system.

[00014] Another object of the invention is to support the development of smart cities by integrating wireless charging systems into urban infrastructure, contributing to cleaner, more efficient transportation systems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[00015] In accordance with the different aspects of the present invention, continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving is presented. It uses electromagnetic induction (EMI) technology integrated into road surfaces for EV charging. This system enables dynamic charging of EVs without the need for frequent stops, improving convenience and reducing charging time. Optimized coil designs and resonant circuits enhance energy transfer efficiency, while advanced safety features like electromagnetic shielding and foreign object detection ensure safe operation. The modular design allows for cost-effective integration into existing road infrastructure, promoting sustainability and scalability. This innovative system aims to support the widespread adoption of electric vehicles and contribute to the development of smart transportation solutions.

[00016] Additional aspects, advantages, features and objects of the present disclosure would be made apparent from the drawings and the detailed description of the illustrative embodiments constructed in conjunction with the appended claims that follow.

[00017] It will be appreciated that features of the present disclosure are susceptible to being combined in various combinations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[00018] The summary above, as well as the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments, is better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the present disclosure, exemplary constructions of the disclosure are shown in the drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to specific methods and instrumentalities disclosed herein. Moreover, those in the art will understand that the drawings are not to scale. Wherever possible, like elements have been indicated by identical numbers.

[00019] Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the following diagrams wherein:

[00020] FIG. 1 is component wise drawing for continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving.

[00021] FIG. 2 is schematically illustration of wireless charging system connected in series-to-series topology.

[00022] FIG. 3 depicts working of wireless charging system

[00023] FIG 4 is working methodology of continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving.


DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[00024] The following detailed description illustrates embodiments of the present disclosure and ways in which they can be implemented. Although some modes of carrying out the present disclosure have been disclosed, those skilled in the art would recognise that other embodiments for carrying out or practising the present disclosure are also possible.

[00025] The description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of certain embodiments of continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving and is not intended to represent the only forms that may be developed or utilised. The description sets forth the various structures and/or functions in connection with the illustrated embodiments; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the disclosure that may be embodied in various and alternative forms. The figures are not necessarily to scale; some features may be exaggerated or minimised to show details of particular components. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention.

[00026] While the disclosure is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiment thereof has been shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described in detail below. It should be understood, however, that it is not intended to limit the disclosure to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the disclosure is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the disclosure.

[00027] The terms "comprises", "comprising", "include(s)", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a setup, or system that comprises a list of components or steps does not include only those components or steps but may include other components or steps not expressly listed or inherent to such setup or system. In other words, one or more elements in a system or apparatus preceded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other elements or additional elements in the system or apparatus.

[00028] In the following detailed description of the embodiments of the disclosure, reference is made to the accompanying drawings and which are shown by way of illustration-specific embodiments in which the disclosure may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the disclosure, and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The following description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense.

[00029] The present disclosure will be described herein below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they would obscure the description with unnecessary detail.

[00030] Referring to Fig. 1, continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 is disclosed, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. It comprises of IR Sensor 102, transmitter coil 104, receiver coil 106, AC power supply 108, relay 110, arduino uno 112, dc to ac converter 114, ac to dc converter 116, battery 118, motor 120, step-down transformer 122.


[00031] Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present disclosure provides details of continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 which is a continuous wireless charging system designed to charge electric vehicles (EVs) while in motion using electromagnetic induction (EMI) technology. It features transmitter coils 104 inlaid into road surfaces and receiver coils 106 installed in EVs, allowing energy to be transferred dynamically as vehicles drive over the coils. The system 100 incorporates advanced resonant circuits to maximize charging efficiency, a control system to manage energy flow, and safety features such as electromagnetic shielding and foreign object detection. Powered by a grid or renewable energy sources, the system can be seamlessly integrated into existing infrastructure. Its key components include the transmitter and receiver coils, control unit 112, power supply 108, and safety mechanisms, providing a cost-effective, scalable, and efficient system for dynamic EV charging.

[00032] Referring to Fig. 1, continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 is provided with IR Sensor 102, which is responsible for detecting the presence and position of the vehicle as it approaches the charging zone. It works by emitting infrared light, and when a vehicle passes through, the sensor 102 detects the reflection and sends a signal to control unit 112. The sensor 102 plays a crucial role in activating the wireless charging process by ensuring that the transmitter coil is only powered when a vehicle is in the charging zone. This coordination helps optimize energy usage and ensures efficient charging.

[00033] Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig 3, continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 is provided with transmitter coil 104, inlaid into the road surface. This coil 104 generates an electromagnetic field when powered by AC Power Supply 108, creating a wireless energy transfer system. When the vehicle equipped with receiver coil 106 moves over the transmitter coil 104, the electromagnetic field induces a current in the receiver coil, enabling the wireless charging of the vehicle's battery. The transmitter coil 104 is a critical component in the system, interacting directly with the receiver coil to perform energy transfer.

[00034] Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig 2, continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 is provided with receiver coil 106, installed in the electric vehicle. This coil 106 receives the electromagnetic energy from Transmitter Coil 104 and converts it into electrical current to charge the vehicle's battery. The receiver coil 106 is connected to the vehicle's AC to DC Converter 116, which ensures that the alternating current is converted into direct current, suitable for charging the Battery 118. The efficiency of this coil is vital for maximizing the energy transfer during wireless charging.

[00035] Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig 3, continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 is provided with AC Power Supply 108, which provides the energy required to power transmitter coil 104. In different embodiments, different sources may be used for AC power supply 108. While in one embodiment, the system 100 sources energy from a standard electrical grid, in another embodiment renewable energy systems like solar panels may be used. The power supply 108 ensures that the transmitter coil generates the necessary electromagnetic field. It is regulated by relay 110, which controls when the power is delivered, ensuring the system only operates when the vehicle is detected by IR Sensor 102.

[00036] Referring to Fig. 1, continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 is provided with relay 110. It is a switching device that controls the connection between AC power supply 108 and transmitter coil 104. It is activated when IR Sensor 102 detects a vehicle, allowing current to flow from the power supply to the transmitter coil. Control unit, Arduino Uno 112 controls the relay 110, ensuring that the system powers on and off efficiently, based on real-time vehicle detection. This prevents unnecessary energy consumption when no vehicle is present.

[00037] Referring to Fig. 1, continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 is provided with Arduino Uno 112, which acts as the control system for the entire wireless charging process. It processes input signals from IR Sensor 102 to determine when to activate relay 110. By managing the relay's 110 on/off states, it ensures that transmitter coil 104 is only powered when a vehicle is in the charging zone. It serves as the brain of the system, coordinating signals from various components to provide safe and efficient charging.

[00038] Referring to Fig. 1, continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 is provided with DC to AC Converter 114, which converts direct current from Battery 118 or an alternative power source into alternating current to power transmitter coil 104. This conversion is essential because the transmitter coil requires AC to generate the electromagnetic field necessary for wireless charging. The converter 114 ensures that the system can efficiently transform the stored DC energy into AC for dynamic energy transfer between the road and vehicle.

[00039] Referring to Fig. 1, continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 is provided with AC to DC Converter 116, which converts the alternating current received by receiver coil 106 into direct current. This DC is used to charge the vehicle's Battery 118. Since the energy transferred through electromagnetic induction is in the form of alternating current, this converter plays a crucial role in making the received energy compatible with the vehicle's electrical system. It ensures smooth and efficient battery charging during dynamic charging.

[00040] Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 is provided with battery 118, which stores the energy received by receiver coil 106 through AC to DC Converter 116. The battery powers the vehicle's motor 120 to drive the car. The system is designed to allow continuous charging, meaning the battery is constantly replenished while the vehicle is in motion, reducing the need for frequent charging stops. The battery is a core component that makes the energy available for real-time vehicle operation.

[00041] Referring to Fig. 1, continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 is provided with motor 120, which drives the vehicle using energy stored in battery 118. The motor 120 receives electrical energy from the battery118, which is charged via the wireless charging system. The continuous energy transfer ensures that the motor 120 has a consistent power supply, allowing for uninterrupted vehicle operation. The motor's 120 efficient functioning is key to the vehicle's propulsion, and its seamless integration with the charging system ensures optimal performance.

[00042] Referring to Fig. 1, continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 is provided with Step-Down Transformer 122, which reduces the high-voltage output from AC Power Supply 108 to a lower voltage level suitable for transmitter coil 104. This ensures the transmitter coil operates within safe voltage limits, optimizing the electromagnetic field generation. The step-down transformer 122 enables efficient power transfer by matching the coil's requirements, playing a key role in energy management within the system.

[00043] Referring to Fig 4, there is illustrated method 200 for continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100. The method comprises:

At step 202, method 200 includes IR Sensor 102 detecting the presence of a vehicle approaching the charging zone;

At step 204, method 200 includes IR Sensor 102 sending a signal to Arduino Uno 112 to activate the charging system;

At step 206, method 200 includes Arduino Uno 112 activating relay 110, which connects AC power supply 108 to transmitter coil 104;

At step 208, method 200 includes transmitter coil 104 generating an electromagnetic field powered by AC power supply 108;

At step 210, method 200 includes receiver coil 106 in the electric vehicle capturing the electromagnetic energy from transmitter coil 104 as the vehicle moves over the coil;

At step 212, method 200 includes the AC to DC Converter 116 converting the received alternating current into direct current for battery charging;

At step 214, method 200 includes battery 118 storing the converted energy, providing continuous power to the vehicle's Motor 120;

At step 216, method 200 includes Motor 120 using the stored energy to drive the vehicle while the wireless charging system continuously charges the battery;

At step 218, method 200 includes Step-Down Transformer 122 ensuring the voltage supplied to Transmitter Coil 104 is within safe operating limits;

At step 220, method 200 includes Arduino Uno 112 deactivating Relay 110 and stopping power to Transmitter Coil 104 once the vehicle has left the charging zone.

[00044] In the description of the present invention, it is also to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "fixed" "attached" "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may for example be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, either mechanically or electrically. They may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

[00045] Modifications to embodiments of the present disclosure described in the foregoing are possible without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the accompanying claims. Expressions such as "including", "comprising", "incorporating", "have", "is" used to describe and claim the present disclosure are intended to be construed in a non- exclusive manner, namely allowing for items, components or elements not explicitly described also to be present. Reference to the singular is also to be construed to relate to the plural where appropriate.

[00046] Although embodiments have been described with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More particularly, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the present disclosure, the drawings and the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, alternative uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.

, Claims:WE CLAIM:
1. A continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 comprising of
IR sensor 102 to detect the presence and position of the vehicle for activating the charging system;
transmitter coil 104 to generate an electromagnetic field for wireless energy transfer to the vehicle;
receiver coil 106 to capture electromagnetic energy from the road surface for charging the vehicle's battery;
ac power supply 108 to provide electrical energy to power the transmitter coil;
relay 110 to control the connection between the power supply and transmitter coil based on vehicle detection;
arduino uno 112 to manage signals from the sensor and control the relay for efficient operation;
dc to ac converter 114 to convert direct current from the power source into alternating current for the transmitter coil;
ac to dc converter 116 to convert the received alternating current into direct current for charging the battery;
battery 118 to store the converted electrical energy and power the vehicle;
motor 120 to drive the vehicle using the stored energy from the battery;
step-down transformer 122 to reduce the voltage supplied to the transmitter coil for safe and efficient operation.

2. The continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 as claimed in claim 1, wherein plurality of transmitter coils 104 are embedded at regular intervals within a road surface and generate an electromagnetic field powered by an AC power supply 108 to provide continuous energy wirelessly to a receiver coil 106 installed in multiple electric vehicles as they pass over the road surface.

3. The continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 as claimed in claim 1, wherein flat spiral coil design is provided for both the transmitter and receiver coils which is optimized for efficient energy transfer and compact installation into roads.

4. The continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 as claimed in claim 1, wherein control unit (Arduino Uno 112) incorporates safety features such as electromagnetic shielding and foreign object detection to ensure safe operation during the wireless charging process.

5. The continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 as claimed in claim 1, wherein IR sensor 102 is configured to detect the presence of the electric vehicle and activate the wireless charging process by sending a signal to a Arduino Uno 112.

6. The continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 as claimed in claim 1, wherein control unit (Arduino Uno 112) controls a relay 110 that connects the AC power supply 108 to the transmitter coil 104 upon detection of a vehicle by the IR sensor 102.

7. The continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 as claimed in claim 1, wherein power output is varied in transmitter coils with respect to vehicle speed for the ability to provide optimized charging based on variable driving conditions.

8. The continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 as claimed in claim 1, wherein transmitter and receiver coils are tuned to resonate at the same frequency to maximize the wireless power transfer efficiency

9. The continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 as claimed in claim 1, wherein transmitter coils 104 are powered by power grid or optionally by renewable energy sources, including solar panels or wind turbines, integrated into the road infrastructure.

10. The continuous wireless charging system for electric vehicles while driving 100 as claimed in claim 1, wherein method comprises of
IR sensor 102 detecting the presence of a vehicle approaching the charging zone;

IR sensor 102 sending a signal to arduino uno 112 to activate the charging system;

arduino uno 112 activating relay 110, which connects AC power supply 108 to transmitter coil 104;

transmitter coil 104 generating an electromagnetic field powered by AC Power Supply 108;

receiver coil 106 in the electric vehicle capturing the electromagnetic energy from Transmitter Coil 104 as the vehicle moves over the coil;

AC to DC Converter 116 converting the received alternating current into direct current for battery charging;

battery 118 storing the converted energy, providing continuous power to the vehicle's motor 120;
motor 120 using the stored energy to drive the vehicle while the wireless charging system continuously charges the battery;

step-down transformer 122 ensuring the voltage supplied to Transmitter Coil 104 is within safe operating limits; and

arduino uno 112 deactivating Relay 110 and stopping power to Transmitter Coil 104 once the vehicle has left the charging zone.

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