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COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING PARTICLE BOARD TABLE TOP

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COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING PARTICLE BOARD TABLE TOP

ORDINARY APPLICATION

Published

date

Filed on 28 October 2024

Abstract

ABSTRACT 28-Oct-2024/130850/202441082226/Form 2(Title Page) 15 A I t N !■ COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING PARTCILE BOARD TABLE TOP The disclosed composite material consists of 70-90% paddy straw (PS) and 5-20% pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) to enhance strength. It also incorporates 10-20% resin. A method for fabricating particle boards using compression molding is described, where paddy straw particles are placed in a mold, combined with resin, and subjected to hydraulic compression using a semi-automatic machine with a capacity of 40 tons. After the compression, the laminate is allowed to set, then ejected to cool to room temperature. This cooling stabilizes the particle board, which is then trimmed to the desired dimensions. Following this, samples are cut according to ASTM standards to assess mechanical properties. The S6 laminates exhibited superior mechanical.properties compared to other formulations, demonstrating the effectiveness of this composite composition in producing durable particle boards. Total Number of words: 128 SIGNATURE OF E APPLICANT Dated this 26th day of October 2024 PRINCIPAL EASWARIENGINEERINGCOLLEGE D, 4 Autonomous) harath; Salai, Ramapuram, Chennai - 600 089.

Patent Information

Application ID202441082226
Invention FieldMECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Date of Application28/10/2024
Publication Number45/2024

Inventors

NameAddressCountryNationality
Dr.S.SathiyamurthyMechanical Engineering, Easwari Engineering College, NO: 162, Bharathi Salai, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Pin Code-600089.IndiaIndia
Dr.V.VinothAutomobile Engineering, Easwari Engineering College, NO: 162, Bharathi Salai, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Pin Code-600089.IndiaIndia

Applicants

NameAddressCountryNationality
Easwari Engineering CollegeEaswari Engineering College, NO: 162, Bharathi Salai, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Pin Code-600089.IndiaIndia

Specification

FORM 2
THE PATENT ACT 1970
(39 OF 1970)
&
The Patent Rules, 2003
PROVISIONAL/COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See Section 10 and rule

1T.ITLE OF THE INVENTION
COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING PARTICLE BOARD TABLE TOP

2. APPLICANTS (S)
(a) NAME: 1. Easwari Engineering College
(b) NATIONALITY: INDIAN
(c) ADDRESS: 1. Easwari Engineering College, Bharathi Salai, Ramapuram, Chennai - 600089

3. PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION:
PROVISIONAL:
The-following-specification-describes-the
IiTnT vWprntrttli nVnli
COMPLETE
The following specification particularly describes the
invention and the manner in which it is to be
performed.
4. DESCRIPTION (Description shall start from next page.)
ATTACHED
28-Oct-2024/130850/202441082226/Form 2(Title Page)
5. CLAIMS (nobappliGable-fop-provisional-specifiGatiom Claims should start with the preamble
"l/we claim" on separate page)
ATTACHED
6. DATE AND SIGNATURE (to be given at the end of last page of specification)
ATTACHED
7. ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION (to be given along with complete specification on separate
page)
ATTACHED
Note:
*Repeat boxes in case of more than one entry.
*To be signed by the applicant(s) or by authorized registered patent agent.
*Name of the applicant should be given in full, family name in the beginning.
*Complete
address of the applicant should be given stating the postal index no./code, state and country.
*Strike out the column which is/are not applicable

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001], The present invention relates to the field of composite material composition and their fabrication processes. More specifically, it pertains to a composition and method for fabricating composite plates using paddy straw fibers.

BACKGROUND
[0002]. Composite materials, which are made by combining two or more distinct materials, have gained significant attention due to their lightweight, high strength, and excellent mechanical properties. These materials find 10 applications in various industries, including automotive, aerospace, construction, and consumer goods. Natural fibers, such as paddy straw and pineapple leaf fibers, have emerged as promising alternatives to synthetic fibers in composite manufacturing due to their renewable nature, low cost, and desirable mechanical properties.

[0003]. Conventionally, paddy straw fibers are harvested using farm equipment and machinery, resulting in fiber degradation and reduced stiffness properties. This limits their use in fabricating composite plates with optimal performance characteristics. Moreover, pineapple leaf fibers need to be extracted using specialized equipment to obtain fibers suitable for composite applications.

[0004], Therefore, there is a need for an improved method of fabricating composite plates using paddy straw and pineapple leaf fibers that overcomes the drawbacks of existing techniques. Such a method should preserve the natural properties of the fibers, enhance their strength, and ensure proper interfacial bonding with the polymer matrix, resulting in composite plates with superior mechanical properties.

SUMMARY

[0005], In one aspect of the present disclosure, a composite material composition is provided.
[0006]. The composition includes paddy straw ranging from 10 to 80% of the composition and pineapple leaf fiber ranging from 5 to 10% of the composition.
[0007]' In some aspects of the present disclosure, the composition further comprising resin ranging from 10 to 40% of the composition.
[0008]. In second aspect of the present disclosure, a method for fabricating composite plates is provided.
[0009], The method includes harvesting paddy straw fibers from source. The method further includes extracting pineapple leaf fibers by way of a fiber extractor machine. The method further includes forming a composite laminate stagnating unidirectional treated paddy straw fibers into a mold. The method further includes placing bi-directional pineapple leaf mats as top and bottom layers in the mold. The method further includes subjecting the mold to.
hydraulic compression using a semi-automatic machine with a capacity of 40 tons. The method further includes fabricating the composite laminate.
[0010]. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the hand-harvested paddy straw fibers exhibit higher stiffness properties compared to machine-harvested straw.
[0011]. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the composite laminate is fabricated using a hydraulic compression molding machine with a capacity of 40 tons.
[0012]. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the composite laminate is cured under controlled temperature and pressure conditions to enhance the mechanical properties and adhesion between the fibers and the matrix.

[0013]. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the composite laminate further comprises a polymer matrix selected from the group consisting of Thermosetting resins.
[0014]. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the composite laminate. undergoes post-processing steps selected from the group consisting of
trimming, sanding, and surface finishing to achieve desired dimensions and surface quality.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0015]. The above and still further features and advantages of aspects of the present invention disclosure become apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description of aspects thereof, especially when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and wherein:
[0016]. Figure 1 illustrates the method for fabricating particle board composite plates, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention disclosure;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017]. The following description provides specific details of certain aspects of the disclosure illustrated in the drawings to provide a thorough understanding of those aspects. It should be recognized, however, that the present invention can be reflected in additional aspects and the disclosure may be practiced without some of the details in the following description.
[0018]. The various aspects including the example aspects are now described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the various aspects of the disclosure are shown. The present invention may, however, be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the aspects set forth herein. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure
is thorough and complete, and fully conveys the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the sizes of components may be exaggerated for clarity.

[0019], The subject matter of example aspects, as disclosed herein, is described with specificity to meet statutory requirements. However, the description itself 5 is not intended to limit the scope of this patent. Rather, the inventor/inventors have contemplated that the claimed subject matter might also be embodied in other ways, to include different features or combinations of features similar to the ones described in this document, in conjunction with other technologies.

[0020]. The hand harvested paddy straw fibers are obtained from the farmer in 10 Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu, India.

[0021]. As mentioned before, there is a need for an improved method of fabricating composite plates using paddy straw and pineapple leaf fibers that overcomes the drawbacks of existing techniques. Therefore, the present disclosure provides a method of fabricating composite plate using paddy straw and pineapple leaf fibres.

[0022]. In one aspect of the present disclosure, a composite material composition may be provided.
[0023]. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the composition further comprising resin ranging from 10 to 40% of the composition.
[0024]. Figure 1 illustrates a method of fabricating composite plate, in
accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure. The system may include the following steps:
[0025]. Paddy straw is collected, dried, and chopped into smaller, manageable pieces then specified to particle sizes.
[0026]. The prepared paddy straw particles are mixed with a binder in a controlled environment. The blended mixture is spread out evenly to form a entire mould size. Pressure and temperature levels depend on the binder used and the desired board density. Typically, temperatures range from 150°C to 200°C, with pressure levels of around 1-2 MPa. Further include incorporating additives or fillers into the composite laminate to modify specific properties such as flame retardancy, conductivity, or UV resistance.

[0027]. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the hand-harvested paddy straw fibers may exhibit higher stiffness properties compared to machine- harvested straw. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the composite laminate may include layers of treated paddy straw fibers and bi-directional pineapple leaf mats. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the composite laminate may be fabricated using a hydraulic compression molding machine with a capacity of 40 tons. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the paddy straw fibers may be hand-harvested by way of manual tools selected from the group consisting of sickles, scythes, or knives. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the pineapple leaf fibers may be extracted by way of a fiber extractor machine with a rotating drum and combing mechanism. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the treated paddy straw fibers may further be treated with a surface modifier selected from the group consisting of silane coupling agents, maleic anhydride, or alkali treatment for enhancing interfacial bonding with a polymer matrix. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the composite laminate may be cured under controlled temperature and pressure conditions to enhance the mechanical properties and adhesion between the fibers and the matrix. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the composite laminate may further include a polymer matrix selected from the group consisting of epoxy, polyester, polyurethane, or polypropylene. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the composite laminate undergoes post-processing steps that may be selected from the group consisting of trimming, sanding, and surface finishing to achieve desired dimensions and surface quality. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the method may further include incorporating additives or fillers into the composite laminate to modify specific properties such as flame retardancy, conductivity, or UV resistance.

[0028]. Example 1: Extraction of fibres
[0029]. Hand harvested paddy straw was collected from the district of Tiruvallur, Tamil Nadu, India. Paddy straw fibre was then removed from the
collected straws and further removed the unwanted sheath, and dusts. The chemical composition of the fibre is listed below.

S.No
Fibre
Density (g/cm3)
Cellulose (%)
Hemi Cellulose (%)
Lignin (%)
Wax (%).
1
Paddy straw
0.8
28-48
23-28
14
20
2
Pine apple leaf fibre

[0030]. Example 2: Fabrication of composite
S.No
Fibre
Density (g/cm3)
Cellulose (%)
Hemi Cellulose (%)
Lignin (%)
Wax (%).
1
Paddy straw
0.8
28-48
23-28
14
20
2
Pine apple leaf fibre
1.2
80
0
12
3-5

[0031]. Composite laminates were fabricated by placing a hydraulic compression molding machine with a capacity of 40 tons semi-automatic along 10 with a polyester resin of density 1.132g/cm3, viscosity of 470 cp at 25 degree
C, Volatile content of 36.2%, acid value of 25.18 g KOH/g, gel time of 14 at 25 degree C. Dimensions associated with the composite laminates was 300 x
300 x 12 millimeter. Different types of laminates were prepared as listed below where untreated fibre is designated as UT and treated fiber is designated as T.
[0032]. The compositions were identified as 90:10, 85:15, 80:20, 85+10+5,
80+15+5, and 75+20+5, representing the percentage ratios of paddy straw particles to pineapple leaf fiber in the composite material.
[0033]. Tensile strength measures the material's ability to withstand stretching or pulling forces. The highest tensile strength is observed in the 75+20+5
composition (23.8 MPa), indicating better resistance to stretching.

[0034]. Flexural strength is the ability of a material to withstand bending forces. Similar to tensile strength, the 75+20+5 composition shows the highest flexural strength (30.1 MPa), suggesting good resistance to bending.
[0035]. Impact strength measures the material's ability to absorb energy during sudden impacts. Compositions with added pineapple leaf fiber (85+10+5,
80+15+5) exhibit higher impact strength, with 85+10+5 being the highest (4.9 Joules).
[0036]. Compressive strength measures a material's ability to withstand pushing or compressive forces. 80:20 composition has the highest compressive strength
10 (17.1 MPa), indicating better resistance to compression.
[0037]. Shore D hardness measures the resistance of a material to indentation or scratching. The 75+20+5 composition has the highest hardness (68 Shore D), suggesting good resistance to indentation and scratching.
[0038]. Water absorption is a crucial parameter for assessing the material's resistance to moisture. The 75+20+5 composition has the lowest water absorption (15.8%), indicating better resistance to water.
[0039], The material is a particle board composite made from paddy straw and pineapple leaf fiber with a urea formaldehyde matrix. The laminate dimensions are (300 x 300 x 12) mm.
[0040]. The composition of 75+20+5 stands out in several aspects, including high tensile and flexural strength, impact resistance, hardness, and low water absorption, making it a promising material for various applications. The table is listed below depicting the values associated with each composition range.

Sample No
Composition.
Tensile Strength (MPa)
Flexural Strength (MPa)
Impact Strength (Joules)
Compressive Strength (MPa)
Hardness Strength (Shore D)
%of Water Absorption
SI
90:10:00
11.2
21.2
0.8
13.4
45
29.7
S2
85:15:00
. 13.3
22.9
1.6
16.8
48
27.3
S3
80:20:00
19.6
26.5
1.5
17.1
51
24.9
S4
85+10+5
12.7
23.5
4.9
14.6
60
23.5
S5
80+15+5
16.6
26.6
4.8
16.7
64
17.1
S6
75+20+5
23.8
30.1
3
14.5
68
15.8

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
100 - Collection of Fibers
101 - Paddy straw particles
102 - Resin
103 - Mixing
104 - Poured to moulding die
105 - Semi compress
106 - Compressing moulding
107 - Fabricated Particle board

We Claim(s):
1. A composite material composition comprising:
a) paddy straw (PS) ranging from 10 to 90% of the composition;
b) pineapple leaf fiber (PALP) ranging from 5% of the composition.
c) resin ranging from 10 to 40% of the composition.
d) additives or fillers into the composite laminate to modify specific properties such as flame retardancy, conductivity, or UV resistance.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein
a) Paddy straw is collected, dried, and chopped into smaller, manageable pieces then specified to particle sizes.
b) The prepared paddy straw particles are mixed with a. binder in a controlled environment. The blended mixture is spread out evenly to form a entire mould size.
c) Pressure and temperature levels depend on the binder used and the desired board density. Typically, temperatures range from 150°C to 200°C, with pressure levels of around 1-2 MPa.

3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite laminate is fabricated using a hydraulic compression molding machine with a capacity of 40 tons.

4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pineapple leaf fibers are extracted using a fiber extractor machine with a rotating drum and combing mechanism.

5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite laminate is cured under controlled temperature and pressure conditions to enhance the mechanical properties and adhesion between the fibers and the matrix.

6. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite laminate further comprises a polymer matrix selected from the group consisting of epoxy, polyester, urea formaldehyde, polyurethane, or polypropylene

7. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite laminate undergoes post-processing steps selected from the group consisting of trimming, sanding, and surface finishing to achieve desired dimensions and surface quality.

8. The composition of 75+20+5 stands out in several aspects, including high tensile and flexural strength, impact resistance, hardness, and low water absorption, making it a promising material for various applications.

SIGNATURE OF E APPLICANT
Dated this 26th day of October 2024

PRINCIPAL
EASWARIENGINEERINGCOLLEGE
D, 4 Autonomous)
harath; Salai, Ramapuram,
Chennai - 600 089.

Documents

NameDate
202441082226-Correspondence-281024.pdf05/11/2024
202441082226-Form 1-281024.pdf05/11/2024
202441082226-Form 18-281024.pdf05/11/2024
202441082226-Form 2(Title Page)-281024.pdf05/11/2024
202441082226-Form 3-281024.pdf05/11/2024
202441082226-Form 5-281024.pdf05/11/2024
202441082226-Form 9-281024.pdf05/11/2024

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