AN EPOXY-MODIFIED COATING COMPOSITION TO ENHANCE THE ANTI-CORROSION PERFORMANCE OF ALUMINUM

Abstract

The present invention relates to an epoxy-modified coating composition to enhance the anti-corrosion performance of aluminum. The coating composition includes an epoxy resin, graphene oxide, titanium tetra-acetoximate (TTA), and curing agent. The method for obtaining a novel graphene oxide-based TTA (titanium tetra-acetoximate)-modified epoxy coating (GO-TTA-epoxy coating) for aluminum comprises the following steps: First, 0.0225 g of graphene oxide (GO) is added to acetone and sonicated until dispersed; in another beaker 0.0225 g TTA is added in 6ml toluene and sonicated for 20 min to achieve a homogenous state; TTA solution is then added to the graphene oxide solution and sonicated; after epoxy resin is subsequently added to the solution and sonicated, followed by stirring until the resin is fully dissolved in the solvent; and finally adding a curing agent in 2:1 ratio of resin to hardener. The coating composition is then applied to the aluminum sample using a spray coating machine. Before applying the composition, the metal substrate (aluminum) is polished with grit sandpaper, ultrasonic cleaning with acetone, and then dried in an oven. The anticorrosive nature of the coating was indicated by salt spray test and electrochemical test conducted in 5% and 3.5% NaCl solutions respectively. The salt spray tests (SST) were conducted by exposing the sample plates to corrosive conditions by the salt spray chamber in 5% NaCl solution. The coating further showed the best corrosion resistance after 30 days of immersion in salt water. The GO-TTA-Epoxy coating exhibits superior corrosion resistance, with no visible corrosion even after 720 hours.

Specification

Description:Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a coating technology, in particular to an epoxy-modified coating composition to enhance the anti-corrosion performance of aluminum.
Background of the Invention
According to their extensive use in marine and structural environments, aluminium alloys; especially aluminium-5083 corrode easily and present serious problems in a variety of industrial applications. Because of its sensitivity to corrosion, aluminium can last longer and retain its structural integrity. Therefore, it is necessary to develop sophisticated protective coatings. Conventional epoxy coatings have been extensively utilized to safeguard aluminium surfaces; however, their efficacy may be restricted by external conditions and the intrinsic characteristics of the epoxy material. Although epoxy coatings are highly recognized for their robust adherence and durability, they do have several noticeable disadvantages. Long curing times, brittleness that cracks easily, and susceptibility to UV light that degrades outside are a few of them.
Graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a viable option for improving the effectiveness of protective epoxy coatings due to recent developments in nanomaterial's. GO is a material that is generated from graphite and has several advantageous qualities, such as a large surface area, strong mechanical performance, and exceptional moisture and corrosive agent barriers. These characteristics, which include strong adherence to various substrates and great hydrophilicity, are ascribed to the presence of distinct functional groups containing oxygen on the GO sheets. Epoxy coating characteristics can be significantly enhanced by graphene oxide; however, this material's tendency to agglomerate is a major drawback. Poor dispersion inside the epoxy matrix results from this agglomeration, which is caused by strong Vander-Waals and electrostatic contacts between GO sheets. As a result, the coating may perform worse, with decreased mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and barrier efficacy.
To further improve the performance of epoxy coatings, modifications and additives have been explored. Significant developments in coating technology are revealed by recent studies on corrosion prevention for aluminium alloys.
According to Jianhua Liu et al. (2018) a graphene oxide nanocomposite adorned with titanium dioxide modified with silane greatly improves the anticorrosion performance of epoxy coatings on AA-2024, offering a strong protective barrier. This study reported a corrosion current density (Icorr) of 0.0582µA/cm² for the (TiO2-GO)/EP coating on Al-2024.
Ahmed Najm Obaid et al.'s (2023)investigation regarding functionalized graphene oxide in epoxy coatings on 2024-T3 aluminium alloy highlighted how better barrier qualities could improve adhesion and corrosion resistance.
In contrast, Miaomiao Cui et al. (2021) introduced epoxy coatings embedded with smart microcapsules that dynamically respond to corrosive elements, offering adaptive protection that effectively addresses localized corrosion on Aluminum Alloy 2024. Their research indicated that the inhibitor-loaded HNTs on Al-2024 had a much higher Icorr of 17.4143µA/cm².
Khan et al. (2023) examined the impact of curing temperature on the corrosion resistance of epoxy-based composite coatings for aluminum alloy 7075, which exhibited an Icorr of 0.21µA/cm².
All of these research highlight the possibility of combining cutting-edge materials and processing methods to provide aluminium alloys with better corrosion protection; functionalized graphene oxide stand out as particularly interesting approach.
The present invention used hybrid inhibitor TTA into the GO-epoxy matrix to address the above mentioned problems. This combination aims to leverage the synergistic effects of GO and TTA compounds to enhance corrosion resistance, adhesion, and overall durability of the coatings. The addition of GO-TTA increases the barrier characteristics of the epoxy coating on Al5083, resulting in a corrosion current density (Icorr) of 0.178µA/cm², indicating good corrosion resistance. This invention contributes to the development of advanced coating technologies by demonstrating the potential of GO and TTA compound modifications to significantly improve the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys. The findings offer valuable insights into the formulation of high-performance protective coatings for demanding applications in harsh environments.
Object of the Invention
The primary objective of the present invention is to develop an epoxy-modified coating composition for aluminium substrate to enhance the anti-corrosion performance.
Another objective of the present invention is to apply the modified epoxy coating (GO-TTA-epoxy coating) on aluminium substrate using a spray coating machine.
The further objective of the present invention is to evaluate the corrosion protection capabilities of these composite coatings on Al5083 substrates.
Brief Summary of the Figures
The illustrated embodiments of the subject matter will be understood by reference to the drawings, wherein like parts are designated by like numerals throughout. The following description is intended only by way of example, and simply illustrates certain selected embodiments of devices, systems, and methods that are consistent with the subject matter as claimed herein, wherein:
Figure 1 illustrates the contact angle measurements for three different coatings: Bare Epoxy (61.1°), GO-Epoxy coating (64.2°), and GO-TTA-Epoxy coating (81.3°). The GO-TTA-Epoxy coating exhibits the highest contact angle, indicating improved hydrophobicity.
Figure 2 illustrates the SEM images and elemental mapping of coating samples, demonstrating that in the GO-TTA-Epoxy coating, graphene oxide (GO) and TTA compound nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed within the epoxy matrix. No defects or phase separation were observed, unlike in the other coatings.
Figure 3: Potentiodynamic Polarization curves for Bare Al, Epoxy coating, GO-Epoxy coating, and GO-TTA-Epoxy coating. The inhibition efficiency (IE%) of the coatings increases with the addition of GO and TTA, with the GO-TTA-Epoxy coating achieving the highest IE of 97.47%.
Figure 4a: Pull-off test: Adhesion testing of (a) epoxy coating (b) GO-epoxy coatings (c) GO-TTA-epoxy coatings sample & Figure 4b: Pull-off Strength (MPa) of (a) epoxy coating (b) GO-epoxy coatings (c) GO-TTA-epoxy coatings sample, with GO-TTA-Epoxy coatings exhibiting the highest adhesion strength (7.79 MPa), followed by GO-Epoxy (6.48 MPa), and Bare Epoxy (6.20 MPa).
Figure 5 illustrates the salt spray (Optical) Images of Epoxy coating, GO-epoxy coating and GO-TTA-Epoxy coating on aluminium substrate after 720 hours. The GO-TTA-Epoxy coating maintains the best protection, with a corrosion rating of 10 (no corrosion), while the epoxy coating and GO-Epoxy coatings show visible corrosion and lower ratings after several hundred hours. The GO-TTA-Epoxy coating exhibits superior corrosion resistance, with no visible corrosion even after 720 hours.
Detailed Description of the Invention
The detailed description of various exemplary embodiments of the disclosure is described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments are described herein in such details as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of details provided herein is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
It is also to be understood that various arrangements may be devised that, although not explicitly described or shown herein, embody the principles of the present disclosure. Moreover, all statements herein reciting principles, aspects, and embodiments of the present disclosure, as well as specific examples, are intended to encompass equivalents thereof.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms "a"," "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes" and/or "including," when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof.
It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts noted may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two figures shown in succession may, in fact, be executed concurrently or may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", "third", and the like in the present invention are used for the purpose of description only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" and "second" may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which example embodiments belong.
It will be further understood that terms, e.g., those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The present invention addressed the corrosion problem of aluminium in the environment. The present invention developed a graphene oxide-based TTA (titanium tetra-acetoximate)-modified epoxy coating (GO-TTA-epoxy coating) for aluminum to reduce the impact of a corrosive environment because of the numerous advantages it provides, such adhesion strength, the hardness of surface long-term and extra-high temperature corrosion resistance, enhancement of contact behaviour, etc.
The graphene oxide-based TTA (titanium tetra-acetoximate)-modified epoxy coating (GO-TTA-epoxy coating) composition includes an epoxy resin, graphene oxide, titanium tetra-acetoximate(TTA), and curing agent.
According to the invention, provides a method for preparing graphene oxide-based TTA (titanium tetra-acetoximate)-modified epoxy coating (GO-TTA-epoxy coating) by comprising the following steps:
Step 1 Preparation of the GO dispersion: dispersing 0.0225 g of graphene oxide [(Synthesized by Expanded graphite powder <20µm by SIGMA-ALDRICH), Physical parameters; Appearance: Yellowish-brown Powder:, Dispersion: dispersed in water] into acetone and sonicating the mixture until the GO is fully dispersed in the solvent;
Step 2: Preparation of the TTA solution: adding 0.02225 g of TTA [titanium tetra-acetoximate, synthesized in lab from titanium iso-propoxide (SIGMA-ALDRICH), Physical parameters; Appearance: Pale yellow solid, Solubility: Soluble in polar organic solvents] to 6ml of toluene and sonicated the mixture for 20 min to achieve a homogenous state;
Step 3: Combining the GO and TTA solutions: adding the homogenous solution of TTA into the dispersed GO solution and sonicating for proper mixing and dispersion of the GO and TTA;
Step 4: Incorporating the epoxy resin: adding epoxy resin [Araldite GY-250 (Diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol A), Physical Parameters; Appearance: colorless viscous liquid, Density (at 25°C): 1.18 g/cm³] into the GO-TTA solution and sonicating and stirring the mixture until the resin is completely dissolved in the solvent.
Step 5: Curing agent addition: adding a curing agent [Aradur-140/ Polyamidoimidazoline, Physical Parameters; Appearance: colorless viscous liquid, Curing Conditions; Ambient temperature: 20-30°C, Density (at 25°C): 0.96 g/cm³] in 2:1 ratio of resin to hardener into the solution obtained from step 4;
Step 6: Polishing and cleaning the metal substrate- a metal substrate of Aluminum Alloy 5083 (Al5083) in the form of 2x3 cm² samples, polishing the surface with sandpaper, and subsequently ultrasonically cleaning the surfaces in a suitable solvent followed by drying in a an oven; and
Step 7: Coating on the metal substrate: Applying the GO-TTA-epoxy coating (obtained from step 5) on the aluminum sample surface using a spray coating machine; and
Step 8: Curing of the coating: allowing the coated substrate to dry at room temperature for 2 hours, followed by curing in an oven at 50°C for 24 hours to complete the formation of the GO-TTA-epoxy composite coating.
In an embodiment of the present invention: to evaluate the performance of the GO-TTA-epoxy coating in comparison to the GO-epoxy coating and epoxy coating, the GO-epoxy coating is prepared by the following steps:"
Step 1 Preparation of the GO dispersion: dispersing 0.0225 g of graphene oxide into acetone and sonicating the mixture until the GO is fully dispersed in the solvent;
Step 2: Preparation of the TTA solution: adding 0.0225 g of TTA to 6ml of toluene and sonicated the mixture for 20 min to achieve a homogenous state;
Step 3: Combining the GO and TTA solutions: adding the homogenous solution of TTA into the dispersed GO solution and sonicating for proper mixing and dispersion of the GO and TTA
Step 4: Incorporating the epoxy resin: adding 3.0 gm of epoxy resin into the GO-TTA solution and sonicating and stirring the mixture until the resin is completely dissolved in the solvent, and Toluene was added and stirred using a magnetic stirrer;
Step 5: Curing agent addition: adding a curing agent into the solution obtained from step 4, and achieve a uniform dispersion by using a mechanical stirrer and ultrasonicator;
Step 6: Polishing and cleaning the metal substrate- a metal substrate of Aluminum Alloy 5083 (Al5083) in the form of 2x3 cm² samples, polishing the surface with sandpaper, and subsequently ultrasonically cleaning the surfaces in a suitable solvent followed by drying in an oven; and
Step 7: Coating on the metal substrate: Applying the GO- epoxy coating on the aluminum sample surface using a spray coating machine; and
Step 8: Curing of the coating: allowing the coated substrate to dry at room temperature for 2 hours, followed by curing in an oven at 50°C for 24 hours to complete the formation of the GO-TTA-epoxy composite coating.
In the preferred embodiment, contact angle testing was performed to determine the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the specimens, surface morphology was analyzed using FESEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy), elemental analysis was conducted with an EDAX energy dispersive X-ray detector at the micro-nano scale, and electrochemical measurements were carried out to assess the active corrosion inhibition."
Characterization of Coating on the aluminium substrate:
A. Hydrophobicity (Contact Angle)
The contact angle test perform to determine the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the specimens
Table1: contact angle of epoxy coating, GO-Epoxy & GO-TTA-epoxy
S.no. Epoxy coating GO-epoxy coating GO-TTA-epoxy coating
Average contact Angle Values 61.1° 64.2° 81.3°.
The contact angle can vary depending on the specific formulation and surface treatment. Bare epoxy coating on aluminum is not as much hydrophobic as other composite coatings and the low contact angle indicates that the surface has high wetting and the water droplet spreads out more on the surface.
In GO-epoxy coating the hydrophobicity is increased to comparing to epoxy coating. In GO-TTA-epoxy coating the contact angle is indicates that the surface has low wetting and the hydrophobicity is increased to comparing the bare Al and GO-epoxy coating.
B. Surface morphologies (SEM & EDX)
Figure 2 illustrates the surface morphologies of all the composites coating on aluminium surface containing different coating of GO with or without TTA compound, and epoxy were investigated by the FE-SEM. In addition, the natures of the surface, surface failure distribution of the nanoparticles, dispersion, and phase distribution of the nanoparticles have been indicated in the FESEM micrographs, respectively.
For GO-TTA-epoxy coating it was observed that the surface morphology of all the coated surfaces indicated that the graphene oxide and TTA compound, nanoparticles homogenously dispersed and distributed within the epoxy matrix. Also, no cracks, defects or phase separation was observed on the compound coating samples as compared to epoxy coating and graphene oxide with epoxy coating samples.
The FE-SEM was employed to clarify the surface morphology differences between the GO nanoparticles and the blended polymer resins. As mentioned before, due to uniformly covering the coating surface, smoothness on the surface was provided by the graphene oxide with TTA, which was accountable for the low surface wettability. One of the most important methods for ascertaining the elemental makeup of materials is Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. EDX can provide comprehensive information on the concentration and distribution of elements including titanium, carbon, and oxygen in GO-TTA-epoxy coatings.
C. Inhibition-efficiency IE % (Potentiodynamic Polarization Measurement)
Corrosion current density (Icorr), corrosion potential (Ecorr), cathodic (ßc) and anodic (ßa) slopes/plots are obtained by the cathodic and anodic region of the Tafel graphs. The Icorr can be obtained based on extrapolating the Tafel lines to a corrosion potential and inhibition-efficiency (IE %) data were calculated from the equation (i).
IE%=((I^0 corr-Icorr))/(I°corr) X 100 (i)
Where: I_corr^° is the corrosion current density of the blank sample and Icorr is the corrosion current density of the inhibited sample.
The typical Potentiodynamic polarization curves for different samples as measured in aerated 3.5% NaCl solution are superimposed in Fig.3. The figure demonstrates anodic and cathodic polarization behaviour of the coating. The associated corrosion kinetic parameters (Ecorr, ßc, ßa, Icorr, IE %) were determined by extrapolating the cathodic and anodic Tafel lines of each curve.
Table: 2- After 7 days of immersion in 3.5% NaCl solution
Sample Name Ecorr (mV/SCE) Icorr (µA /cm2) Ba (mV) Bc (mV) Corrosion rate(mpy) IE (%)
Bare Al -879.223 7.064 97.3 -219.9 3.109 -
Epoxy Coating -969.582 3.187 295.2 -209.2 1.402 54.88
GO-Epoxy coating -864.991 1.135 281.5 -241.5 0.499 83.93
GO-TTA-Epoxy coating -921.316 0.178 122.1 -142.2 0.078 97.48

The results shown in Table-2 the corrosion current density of graphene oxide with TTA-epoxy coating is lower and inhibition efficiency is higher than the bare aluminium, epoxy coating and graphene oxide with epoxy coating. This result implies that the major effect under investigation is on the kinetics of cathodic hydrogen evolution processes.
D. Adhesion strength (Pull-off Test)
The adhesion strength of the coatings was determined by a PosiTest pull-off adhesion tester (DeFelsko).GO-TTA-Epoxy coatings exhibiting the highest adhesion strength (7.79 MPa), followed by GO-Epoxy (6.48 MPa), and Bare Epoxy (6.20 MPa). The results showed that the pull-off strengths of the GO with TTA-epoxy coating (7.79MPa) in the dry conditions are much higher than other coatings.
Table: 3 - Pull-off Strength (MPa) of epoxy coating, GO-Epoxy coating & GO-TTA-epoxy coating
S.NO. Material Pull-off Strength (MPa) Standard error
1 Epoxy 6.205 0.546
2 GO-Epoxy 6.475 0.481
3 GO-TTA-Epoxy 7.795 0.794
E. Determine the corrosive effect of salt on metallic objects (Salt Spray Test)
The ASTM B117 is a standard test carried out to determine the corrosive effect of salt on metallic objects. It is done by spraying salt on a specimen housed in a closed chamber. This is an accelerated form for atmospheric corrosion testing.
Table: 4 - ASTM B117 testing parameters
Test Parameters Value(s)
Test solution 5% NaCl in DM water
Chamber temperature 35°±2°C (95 ± 3°F)
Air pressure 0.7-1.2 kg/cm2
Fog rate 1.0-2.0 ml/hr
Humidity 95%
PH value DM Water:- 6.5-7.0
NaCl Solution:- 6.5-7.2
GO with TTA-epoxy coating sample got the 10 rating after 720hrs that means there is zero corrosion on the surface of the metal surface are present and for bare aluminium sample after 288hrs white dust are seen and the rating is less as compared with graphene oxide coating sample or with TTA-epoxy coating sample.
In the optical images of salt spray test samples; White dust and pits observed in bare epoxy coating on Aluminium, Pits and white dust observed in graphene oxide with epoxy coating but in graphene oxide with TTA-epoxy coating surface was observed smooth.
One aspect of the present invention, GO-TTA composite incorporated into epoxy resin coatings to enhance their corrosion resistance. The functional groups in GO and TTA improve the adhesion of the epoxy coating to the aluminum surface, reducing the likelihood of coating delamination.
The combination of GO and TTA results in an extremely powerful protective layer when applied to epoxy coatings. Chemical stability and adhesion are improved by TTA, while mechanical strength and barrier qualities are supplied by GO. Because of this bond of cooperation, the coating becomes longer-lasting, more resilient to corrosion, and more durable.
In graphene oxide with epoxy coating, the coating exhibits agglomeration behaviour on aluminum surface. However, when TTA is added, it is evident that the coating's agglomeration behaviour on the aluminium surface changes and the coating surface is smooth.
Advantages of the present invention:
The graphene oxide with epoxy coating is showing the agglomeration behaviour on surface but when added the TTA in it; the results clearly visible that the agglomeration behaviour of coating on aluminium surface is changed, and coating surface is smooth as compared to epoxy coating or graphene oxide with epoxy coating.
The coatings data of EIS (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy), bode and Tafel curves shows the anticorrosive inhibition on coatings.
SST (salt spray test) by exposing the sample plates in corrosive conditions by the salt spray chamber in 5% NaCl solution after 720hr shows that on the with GO-TTA-epoxy coatings samples; there is no white dust and pits observed on the surface that clearly shows highly anticorrosive properties of it on aluminium alloy.
Increase the resistant to many corrosive substances and Providing Uniform Coverage.
The incorporation of graphene oxide into TTA coatings has emerged as a transformative approach that enhances their hydrophobicity.

, Claims:1. An epoxy-modified coating composition, comprises of
• Epoxy resin; Diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol A), Density (at 25°C): 1.18 g/cm³
• Graphene oxide (GO);
• Titanium tetra-acetoximate (TTA); and
• A curing agent- Polyamidoimidazoline, Density (at 25°C): 0.96 g/cm³]
2. A method for obtaining a graphene oxide-based titanium tetra-acetoximate-modified epoxy coating (GO-TTA-epoxy coating) for aluminum, comprising the following steps:
• Step 1: Preparation of the GO dispersion: dispersing 0.0225 g of graphene oxide into acetone and sonicating the mixture until the GO is fully dispersed in the solvent;
• Step 2: Preparation of the TTA solution: adding 0.0225 g of TTA (titanium tetra-acetoximate) to 6ml of toluene and sonicated the mixture for 20 min to achieve a homogenous state;
• Step 3: Combining the GO and TTA solutions: adding the homogenous solution of TTA into the dispersed GO solution and sonicating for proper mixing and dispersion of the GO and TTA;
• Step 4: Incorporating the epoxy resin: adding epoxy resin into the GO-TTA solution and sonicating and stirring the mixture until the resin is completely dissolved in the solvent.
• Step 5: Curing agent addition: adding a curing agent in 2:1 ratio of resin to hardener into the solution obtained from step 4;
• Step 6: Polishing and cleaning the metal substrate- a metal substrate of Aluminum Alloy 5083 (Al5083) in the form of 2x3 cm² samples, polishing the surface with sandpaper, and subsequently ultrasonically cleaning the surfaces in a suitable solvent followed by drying in an oven; and
• Step 7: Coating on the metal substrate: Applying the GO-TTA-epoxy coating on the aluminum sample surface using a spray coating machine; and
• Step 8: Curing of the coating: allowing the coated substrate to dry at room temperature for 2 hours, followed by curing in an oven at 50°C for 24 hours to complete the formation of the GO-TTA-epoxy composite coating.

3. The method for obtaining a graphene oxide-based titanium tetra-acetoximate-modified epoxy coating (GO-TTA-epoxy coating) for aluminium as claimed in the claim 1, wherein GO with TTA-epoxy coating exhibits average contact angle value is 81.3°, higher than the bare Al and GO with epoxy coating.
4. The method for obtaining a graphene oxide-based titanium tetra-acetoximate-modified epoxy coating (GO-TTA-epoxy coating) for aluminium as claimed in the claim 1, wherein GO-TTA-epoxy coating shows lower the corrosion current density and higher the inhibition efficiency compare to epoxy coating and GO-epoxy coating.
5. The method for obtaining a graphene oxide-based titanium tetra-acetoximate-modified epoxy coating (GO-TTA-epoxy coating) for aluminium as claimed in the claim 1, wherein GO-TTA-Epoxy coatings exhibiting the highest adhesion strength (7.79 MPa), followed by GO-Epoxy (6.48 MPa), and Bare Epoxy (6.20 MPa).
6. The method for obtaining a graphene oxide-based titanium tetra-acetoximate-modified epoxy coating (GO-TTA-epoxy coating) for aluminium as claimed in the claim 1, wherein GO-TTA-epoxy coating sample got the 10 rating after 720hrs in salt spray test that means there is zero corrosion on the surface of the metal surface.

Documents