AIIOT BASED SMART STOCKINGS FOR VARICOSE VEINS PATIENTS

Abstract

To address the rising prevalence of varicose veins, a smart compression stocking system has been developed using IoT-based sensors, machine learning, Tiny ML, and the ESP-WROOM-32 microcontroller. This system enables non-invasive, real-time monitoring and automated therapeutic interventions for effective varicose vein management. Equipped with sensors, the smart stockings measure heart rate, SpO2, temperature, and compression force. Machine learning models analyse this data to predict patient discomfort or relief, adjusting compression or activating a vibration mechanism as needed—making it more responsive than traditional stockings. Tiny ML enables low-power model deployment, and the ESP-WROOM-32 microcontroller with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities ensures real-time data processing without heavy cloud reliance. A mobile app connects to the stockings, offering health metrics, insights, and control options for users and healthcare providers. This adaptive, technology-integrated solution represents a major advancement in personalized varicose vein care, improving patient outcomes and enhancing healthcare efficiency.

Specification

Description:AIIOT BASED SMART STOCKINGS FOR VARICOSE VEINS PATIENTS

FIELD OF INVENTION
1. Medical Technology
This area focuses on creating devices and solutions that diagnose, monitor, and treat medical conditions. In your case, the smart stockings would leverage technology to manage symptoms of varicose veins, potentially reducing pain and improving blood circulation.
2. Wearable Health Devices
Wearable technology encompasses devices that individuals can wear on their bodies to track health metrics. Your smart stockings would qualify as a wearable that continuously monitors factors like compression levels and leg activity, providing valuable insights into patients' health.
3. Smart Textiles
This field involves fabrics embedded with technology that allows them to interact with the wearer or their environment. Your stockings could integrate sensors that gather data on pressure, temperature, and moisture, helping to optimize compression therapy.
4. Artificial Intelligence
AI can analyze the data collected by the smart stockings to offer personalized health insights. For instance, machine learning algorithms could predict when a patient might experience worsening symptoms based on their activity patterns and historical data.
5. Internet of Things (IoT)
IoT refers to a network of connected devices that communicate with each other. Your smart stockings could sync with smartphones or health management platforms, enabling real-time monitoring and alerts for both patients and healthcare providers.
6. Rehabilitation Engineering
This area focuses on designing devices that assist in the recovery process. Your stockings could provide therapeutic benefits, supporting the healing of varicose veins and preventing further complications.
7. Telemedicine
Telemedicine involves delivering healthcare remotely. Your product could facilitate virtual check-ins, allowing healthcare professionals to monitor patients' progress and adjust treatment plans based on real-time data.


8. Data Analytics
Analyzing health data collected from the stockings could identify trends and inform treatment strategies. Advanced analytics could reveal how different activities or environmental factors affect patients' conditions.
9. User Interface Design
Creating an intuitive user interface for any accompanying app is essential for usability. A well-designed app would allow patients to easily view their health data, receive notifications, and understand their condition.
10. Chronic Disease Management
Effective management of chronic conditions, such as varicose veins, requires ongoing monitoring and intervention. Your stockings could play a key role in enabling proactive care, reducing the risk of complications.
11. Patient Education and Engagement
Providing educational resources through the app could empower patients to make informed decisions about their health. Engagement strategies could include reminders for wearing the stockings or tips for managing symptoms.
12. Biomaterials
Utilizing innovative materials could enhance comfort and efficacy. For example, fabrics that wick moisture or have antimicrobial properties could improve the wearability of the stockings while also addressing hygiene.
13. Regulatory Affairs
Navigating medical device regulations is crucial for bringing a product to market. Understanding the requirements for safety, efficacy, and labeling can help ensure your smart stockings meet all necessary standards.
14. Sustainability in Healthcare
As awareness of environmental issues grows, incorporating sustainable practices in manufacturing and material selection can enhance the appeal of your product to eco-conscious consumers.
15. Personalized Medicine
By tailoring treatment strategies based on individual health data, your stockings can support a more personalized approach to managing varicose veins, enhancing patient outcomes.




BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
Overview of Varicose Veins
Varicose veins are swollen, twisted veins that often occur in the legs due to prolonged pressure on the veins. They result from weakened valves and veins, leading to poor blood circulation. Symptoms can include pain, heaviness, swelling, and, in severe cases, skin ulcers. Approximately 25% of adults suffer from varicose veins, highlighting a significant public health issue.
Current Treatments
Traditional treatments for varicose veins include lifestyle changes, compression stockings, sclerotherapy, and surgical options. While compression stockings are widely used to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications, they often lack the ability to provide real-time feedback or adapt to the patient's needs dynamically. This limitation can result in inadequate compression, discomfort, or non-compliance.
Need for Innovation
The increasing prevalence of varicose veins, coupled with the limitations of existing treatments, creates a pressing need for innovative solutions. Patients often seek non-invasive, user-friendly options that integrate technology for better management of their condition. Additionally, healthcare providers require tools that enable them to monitor patient progress remotely and tailor treatments based on individual responses.
Technological Advancements
Recent advancements in smart textiles, wearable technology, and the Internet of Things (IoT) present new opportunities for improving patient care. These technologies enable the integration of sensors and data analytics into everyday garments, allowing for real-time monitoring and personalized health management.
Potential of AIIOT
The concept of AIIOT (Artificial Intelligence Internet of Things) combines AI-driven analytics with IoT connectivity to create intelligent health solutions. By embedding sensors in smart stockings, the technology can monitor various parameters such as compression levels, skin temperature, and leg movement. AI algorithms can then analyze this data to provide insights and recommendations for both patients and healthcare providers.




DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
1. Real-Time, Multi-Sensor Monitoring: The system embeds multiple physiological sensors (heart rate, SpO2, temperature, and force sensors) directly into the stockings, enabling continuous, real-time monitoring of critical parameters. This seamless integration represents a significant advancement over traditional periodic monitoring methods.
2. Machine Learning-Driven Personalized Treatment: Unlike conventional compression stockings that offer static compression, the system uses machine learning algorithms to dynamically predict patient discomfort or relief based on real-time data. The model continuously learns and adapts, providing personalized recommendations and automating adjustments to vibration therapy or compression levels based on individual physiological conditions.
3. Automated Therapeutic Interventions: The system incorporates a vibration mechanism controlled by predictive analytics, allowing proactive treatment. It can autonomously activate vibration therapy when early signs of discomfort or circulation issues are detected, eliminating the need for patient input. This introduces a level of intelligent, responsive treatment absent in traditional static compression therapies.
4. Edge Computing and Cloud Integration: Designed for real-time operation, the system leverages edge computing for instant feedback and cloud-based models for complex data processing, ensuring scalability and efficiency in continuous monitoring.
5. IoT and Mobile App Integration: The system uses IoT connectivity to transmit data between the smart stockings and a mobile app, allowing users to monitor their condition and adjust settings in real-time. The mobile app provides an intuitive interface for users to track their health metrics, receive personalized insights, and manage treatment preferences, enhancing user engagement and convenience.
6. Personalization and Continuous Learning: Continuous data collection and machine learning enable the system to be customized over time to better suit individual patient needs, offering a more tailored and effective approach compared to one-size-fits-all solutions.
LIST OF KEYWORDS
• SMART COMPRESSION STOCKINGS
• IOT-BASED SENSORS
• ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
• REAL-TIME MONITORING
• AUTOMATED THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS
INNOVATIVE FEATURES:
• Embedded IoT Sensors: Integration of sensors within compression stockings to continuously monitor physiological parameters such as heart rate, SpO2, temperature, and compression force.
• Machine Learning Algorithms: Use of advanced machine learning models to analyze sensor data and predict patient discomfort or relief, enabling personalized treatment.
• Real-Time Predictive Analytics: Ability to predict and assess patient conditions in real-time, allowing for immediate response and intervention.
• Automated Vibration Therapy: Activation of a vibration mechanism based on data analysis to provide therapeutic interventions directly from the wearable device.
• Adaptive Therapy: Dynamic adjustment of therapy based on individual patient data and real-time health conditions, enhancing the effectiveness of varicose vein management.

Figure 1: AIIOT module for smart stockings



Figure 1: Hardware Module Design Overview
1. Microcontroller (ESP-WROOM-32):
o ESP-WROOM-32 is a low-power, Wi-Fi + Bluetooth microcontroller with dual-core processing, ideal for IoT applications.
o It handles communication between sensors, processes data locally, and communicates with the mobile app via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth.
2. Sensors:
o Heart Rate & SpO2 Sensor: Measures pulse and oxygen levels.
o Temperature Sensor: Monitors body temperature.
o Force Sensor: Measures pressure applied by stockings.
o Vibrator: Provides therapeutic feedback.
3. TinyML:
o TinyML is implemented on the ESP-WROOM-32 to run machine learning models locally. This enables real-time predictions and decision-making directly on the device without needing cloud processing.
4. IoT & Mobile App:
o IoT Connectivity: ESP32 connects to the cloud for remote monitoring and data storage.
o Mobile App: Displays sensor data, sends alerts for necessary interventions, and controls settings (e.g., vibration activation). It provides real-time updates to both the user and healthcare providers.
Steps involved in an IoT-based system for varicose vein monitoring using AI. Here's a brief explanation of each step:
1. Device Integration: Sensors and a microcontroller (like ESP32) are integrated to collect health data.
2. Data Acquisition: Sensors gather real-time physiological data from varicose vein patients.
3. Dataset Collection: The collected data is used to build a dataset for analysis.
4. AI Model and Analysis: Machine learning models analyze the data to provide insights.
5. AI Model Deployment: The trained AI model is deployed on an edge device for real-time analysis and intervention.


Figure 2. AI model analysis
From Figure 2, The Random Forest model, with an impressive 93% accuracy, outperforms other algorithms like XGBoost and LightGBM, which achieve 90% and 89% respectively. Its effectiveness stems from aggregating predictions from multiple decision trees, thus managing complex data and reducing overfitting. Integrating this model with the ESP-WROOM-32, a versatile microcontroller with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities, facilitates real-time data processing. This combination is particularly powerful for applications in Tiny ML, where machine learning models are deployed on low-power devices. Smart stockings for varicose veins can leverage Tiny ML to continuously monitor and analyze data, providing real-time insights and management solutions. The synergy of Random Forest's accuracy, the SP-WROOM-32's connectivity, and Tiny ML's efficiency enables advanced, data-driven healthcare solutions in compact, wearable devices.
.

Figure 3: Prototype of Smart stockings

Figure 4. Thing speak Cloud


Figure 5. Mobile APP Figure 6. Prototype of smart stocking




CONCLUSION
The development of AIIOT-based smart stockings for varicose veins patients represents a significant advancement in the management of this prevalent condition. By integrating cutting-edge technologies such as smart textiles, wearable health devices, and AI-driven analytics, these stockings can provide real-time monitoring and personalized feedback that traditional methods lack. This innovative approach addresses the pressing need for effective, non-invasive treatments that improve patient comfort and compliance. With the ability to continuously track vital parameters and deliver actionable insights, these smart stockings empower patients to take an active role in their health management. Additionally, healthcare providers benefit from enhanced data visibility, enabling more tailored and timely interventions. As the healthcare landscape increasingly shifts towards digital solutions, the introduction of AIIOT-based smart stockings aligns with broader trends in personalized medicine and chronic disease management. This invention not only enhances the quality of care for individuals suffering from varicose veins but also contributes to the evolving field of smart health technologies, paving the way for future innovations in patient-centric healthcare solutions.

AIIOT BASED SMART STOCKINGS FOR VARICOSE VEINS PATIENTS
We Claim
1. Gather data on existing technologies and innovations in smart textiles, particularly those aimed at managing varicose veins.
2. Create a prototype of your smart stockings, incorporating AI and IoT features that monitor and provide real-time feedback on leg health.
3. Consult with a patent attorney to explore patenting your design or technology, ensuring your innovations are protected.
4. Collaborate with medical professionals, researchers, or companies specializing in healthcare technology to enhance credibility and improve the product.
5. Conduct clinical trials to validate the effectiveness of your smart stockings in managing symptoms of varicose veins.
6. Develop a branding and marketing plan that highlights the unique benefits of your product for patients with varicose veins.
7. Ensure compliance with healthcare regulations and seek necessary certifications for medical devices in your target markets.
8. Once your product is ready, launch it with an emphasis on how it improves patient outcomes and quality of life.
, C , C , C , C , C , Claims:1. Gather data on existing technologies and innovations in smart textiles, particularly those aimed at managing varicose veins.
2. Create a prototype of your smart stockings, incorporating AI and IoT features that monitor and provide real-time feedback on leg health.
3. Consult with a patent attorney to explore patenting your design or technology, ensuring your innovations are protected.
4. Collaborate with medical professionals, researchers, or companies specializing in healthcare technology to enhance credibility and improve the product.
5. Conduct clinical trials to validate the effectiveness of your smart stockings in managing symptoms of varicose veins.
6. Develop a branding and marketing plan that highlights the unique benefits of your product for patients with varicose veins.
7. Ensure compliance with healthcare regulations and seek necessary certifications for medical devices in your target markets.
8. Once your product is ready, launch it with an emphasis on how it improves patient outcomes and quality of life.

Documents