ADVANCED ELECTROMAGNETIC BRAKING SYSTEM FOR ENHANCED RELIABILITY AND SAFETY IN VEHICLES

Abstract

The present invention discloses an Advanced Electromagnetic Braking System designed to enhance reliability and safety in vehicles. This innovative braking system employs a pair of electromagnets that generate a magnetic field, inducing eddy currents in a conductive rotor or disc, effectively halting motion without traditional friction mechanisms. A strategically positioned cooling mechanism, including a fan, manages thermal dissipation during operation. The system features an adaptive control unit that optimizes braking force based on vehicle speed and load, ensuring efficient energy use. With a stopping capability from 300 RPM to 0 RPM in just 2.5 seconds, this braking system offers superior performance and reduced stopping distances. Furthermore, it includes redundancy and safety features suitable for heavy-duty vehicles, electric vehicles, and railway locomotives, thereby significantly improving braking reliability while minimizing maintenance costs. This technology promises to revolutionize braking applications across various transportation sectors. Accompanied Drawing [Figure 1]

Specification

Description:[001] The present invention relates to braking systems, specifically to an advanced electromagnetic braking system designed to enhance the reliability and safety of vehicles. The electromagnetic braking system addresses the hazards associated with excessive brake usage and heat dissipation, providing a safer alternative for vehicle operation. Its potential applications extend beyond automotive uses to include aeronautical systems, indicating its versatility and capacity to drive technological advancements in braking solutions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[002] The majority of braking systems in vehicles are friction-based, categorized primarily into drum brakes and disc brakes. These systems utilize a mechanism where brake shoes make contact with a braking element, such as the inside of a drum or the surface of a disc, to slow down or stop the vehicle. While widely adopted, these conventional brakes are subject to limitations that impact their performance, particularly under high-stress conditions. As the braking elements experience wear and temperature fluctuations, their effectiveness diminishes, leading to increased stopping distances and heightened accident risks.
[003] Despite advancements in braking technology, conventional expansion brakes remain prevalent. These systems utilize an expansion mechanism to engage the brake shoe against the brake drum, providing rapid deceleration. However, they face inherent drawbacks, such as temperature-induced expansion, wear-related performance degradation, and the challenges posed by prolonged usage. While innovations in planetary gearboxes allow for external retraction brakes, these solutions have not significantly improved the limitations associated with conventional friction brakes.
[004] Existing electromagnetic braking systems, such as those described in U.S. Patent 6,619,445, "Electromagnetic Brake System for Vehicles," and U.S. Patent 7,448,471, "Magnetically Controlled Brake System for Rail Vehicles," have sought to address some of these issues. These systems utilize eddy currents, magnetic particles, or electro-permanent magnets to generate braking force. However, they still encounter significant shortcomings, including high thermal loads that can compromise braking efficiency and performance. The complexity of control mechanisms further limits their application, particularly at low speeds, where they may be less effective.
[005] Moreover, regenerative braking systems, while offering energy recovery, are often speed-dependent and costly to implement. These systems require specific operational parameters to function effectively, making them less versatile than desired. For instance, U.S. Patent 5,402,065, "Regenerative Braking System for Electric Vehicles," demonstrates the potential for energy recovery, yet its limitations in certain driving conditions restrict its widespread applicability.
[006] The present invention, the Advanced Electromagnetic Braking System for Enhanced Reliability and Safety in Vehicles, addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies. By integrating an innovative cooling mechanism and optimizing magnetic field control, the proposed system significantly reduces heat generation and power consumption compared to conventional eddy current braking systems.
[007] Additionally, enhanced sealing techniques and self-healing fluid mediums improve the torque output of magnetic particle brakes, thereby increasing their reliability. The material optimization and composite design for hysteresis braking systems simplify the complexities associated with magnetic material requirements, ensuring a more effective and reliable braking experience.
[008] Through these advancements, the present invention not only improves braking efficiency but also enhances vehicle safety by reducing stopping distances and minimizing the risks associated with traditional braking systems. This innovative approach promises to set a new standard in braking technology, offering significant benefits for both automotive and aeronautical applications.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[009] The present invention relates to an advanced electromagnetic braking system designed to enhance the reliability and safety of vehicles by effectively halting motion without reliance on traditional friction mechanisms. This innovative braking system comprises two electromagnets powered by an electrical circuit, strategically configured to optimize braking efficiency. The system incorporates a DC motor connected to a wheel, which initiates rotation upon activation of the power supply. A significant feature of this design is the integration of an air-based cooling mechanism, facilitated by a fan positioned adjacent to the electromagnets. A metallic bar is situated between the electromagnets and the wheel, enabling the induction of eddy currents that flow counter to the direction of the wheel's rotation. This phenomenon generates a braking force that efficiently retards the wheel's motion, thereby halting it swiftly and safely. The versatility of this electromagnetic braking system positions it as a viable alternative to conventional braking methods, particularly in emergency situations where traditional brakes may fail or prove inadequate.
[010] The advanced electromagnetic braking system not only serves as a primary braking mechanism but also acts as a supplementary retardation device, achieving up to 80% effectiveness in power-applied brake applications. Its unique design facilitates the effective deceleration of vehicles while simultaneously reducing the risk of accidents associated with excessive heat generation from friction brakes. Additionally, the system is engineered to accommodate a broad range of applications beyond automotive uses, including potential implementations in aeronautics. By leveraging innovative materials and advanced control mechanisms, the invention aims to deliver superior braking performance, reduced stopping distances, and enhanced safety features, ultimately contributing to a significant technological breakthrough in braking systems for heavy-duty vehicles and other high-speed applications. Through extensive experimentation, it has been demonstrated that the braking system can decrease the wheel speed from 300 rpm to 0 rpm within a rapid 2.5-second interval, showcasing its effectiveness in real-time braking scenarios. The development of this electromagnetic braking system represents a paradigm shift in vehicle safety and efficiency, with the potential for widespread impact across various sectors.
[011] In this respect, before explaining at least one object of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of set of rules and to the arrangements of the various models set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other objects and of being practiced and carried out in various ways, according to the need of that industry. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
[012] These together with other objects of the invention, along with the various features of novelty which characterize the invention, are pointed out with particularity in the disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and the specific objects attained by its uses, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which there are illustrated preferred embodiments of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[013] When considering the following thorough explanation of the present invention, it will be easier to understand it and other objects than those mentioned above will become evident. Such description refers to the illustrations in the annex, wherein:
Figure 1 illustrates schematic block diagram associated with the proposed system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[014] The following sections of this article will provided various embodiments of the current invention with references to the accompanying drawings, whereby the reference numbers utilised in the picture correspond to like elements throughout the description. However, this invention is not limited to the embodiment described here and may be embodied in several other ways. Instead, the embodiment is included to ensure that this disclosure is extensive and complete and that individuals of ordinary skill in the art are properly informed of the extent of the invention.
[015] Numerical values and ranges are given for many parts of the implementations discussed in the following thorough discussion. These numbers and ranges are merely to be used as examples and are not meant to restrict the claims' applicability. A variety of materials are also recognised as fitting for certain aspects of the implementations. These materials should only be used as examples and are not meant to restrict the application of the innovation.
[016] Referring to Figure 1, the present invention relates to an advanced electromagnetic braking system designed to enhance vehicle safety and reliability. Traditional braking systems, primarily relying on friction, tend to generate excessive heat, leading to diminished performance and increased wear on components. The objective of this innovation is to provide a braking mechanism that utilizes electromagnetic principles, thereby allowing for effective deceleration without the reliance on friction. This innovative design promises not only to conserve energy but also to extend the operational lifespan of braking components, reducing maintenance costs.
[017] Central to the proposed system are two electromagnets, powered by an advanced electrical circuit, which play a critical role in the braking process. These electromagnets generate a controlled magnetic field that interacts with a conductive wheel attached to a direct current (DC) motor. Upon activation, the motor initiates rotation, while the electromagnetic forces work against this motion, effectively creating a non-contact braking method. This design is particularly advantageous in applications where traditional brakes may fail or become less effective, such as in emergency braking scenarios.
[018] To ensure the system remains operational under various conditions, a heat management strategy is essential. A strategically positioned cooling fan near the electromagnets dissipates heat generated during operation, preventing thermal buildup that could compromise system performance. The integration of a metallic bar between the electromagnets and the wheel serves to facilitate the induction of eddy currents. These currents, produced as the magnetic flux interacts perpendicularly with the wheel's rotation, generate a resistive force opposing the motion of the wheel. Consequently, this results in a rapid deceleration, bringing the vehicle to a complete stop within a remarkably short time frame.
[019] Extensive experimental validation has demonstrated the effectiveness of this design. Tests indicate that the disc's speed can be reduced from 300 revolutions per minute (rpm) to 0 rpm within just 2.5 seconds, highlighting the efficiency of the electromagnetic braking system. Real-time monitoring of rotor stopping distances reveals that the reduction of friction losses correlates with significantly shorter stopping distances, enhancing overall vehicular safety.
[020] The versatility of this electromagnetic braking system extends beyond automotive applications to include aeronautics and heavy-duty vehicles. By providing reliable deceleration capabilities without the hazards associated with conventional braking systems, the invention offers a viable solution for scenarios where immediate stopping power is critical. Additionally, the system can be configured to function as a supplementary braking mechanism alongside traditional friction brakes, further improving the safety of heavy vehicles during operation.
[021] A novel aspect of this system is the integration of T-bolts with coils that allow for easy assembly and disassembly of braking components. These T-bolts facilitate the adaptation of the braking system to various vehicle configurations while maintaining structural integrity. The use of tungsten carbide for pin heads and magnetic materials enhances the durability and performance of the braking mechanism, ensuring long-term reliability even under heavy usage.
[022] The design also incorporates an adaptive magnetic field control system, which allows for real-time adjustments based on the vehicle's speed and braking requirements. This intelligent control mechanism leverages advanced algorithms to optimize the braking force, ensuring that the system responds effectively to changing driving conditions. Such adaptability is particularly important in high-speed applications, where precise control of braking forces is critical for safety.
[023] Moreover, the proposed system utilizes electro-permanent magnets, which provide enhanced stability and reliability by maintaining magnetic force without continuous power supply. This feature significantly reduces energy consumption and minimizes the risk of failure during critical braking situations. By integrating these advanced magnetic technologies, the electromagnetic braking system addresses the shortcomings observed in traditional designs, such as inconsistent braking force and excessive energy requirements.
[024] The thermal management capabilities of the invention are also noteworthy. The integration of phase change materials (PCMs) within the braking assembly allows for efficient heat absorption and dissipation, mitigating the risk of thermal degradation during prolonged use. This innovative approach ensures that the braking system maintains optimal performance even under demanding conditions, such as heavy vehicle operation on steep gradients.
[025] A modular composite rotor design further enhances the performance of the braking system. By utilizing advanced composite materials, the rotor exhibits superior strength-to-weight ratios, contributing to a lightweight yet durable design. This modular approach also simplifies maintenance procedures, as components can be easily replaced or upgraded without extensive downtime.
[026] Safety is a paramount consideration in the development of this invention. The electromagnetic braking system incorporates a redundant multi-layer safety mechanism that ensures the brakes can be applied reliably even in the event of a system failure. Sensors and feedback mechanisms continuously monitor the braking performance, allowing for immediate adjustments to maintain effective deceleration.
[027] Incorporating these innovative features reflects a level of sophistication that distinguishes this invention from existing technologies. The combination of complex integration, adaptive control systems, and advanced material usage presents a unique solution that is not readily apparent to those skilled in the art of braking systems. This complexity not only enhances braking performance but also contributes to overall vehicle safety and operational efficiency.
[028] The benefits of this advanced electromagnetic braking system extend beyond mere performance improvements. By reducing reliance on friction, the system minimizes environmental impact through decreased wear and tear on brake components, resulting in less waste and lower maintenance costs. Moreover, the enhanced reliability and safety offered by this invention position it as a promising alternative to conventional braking technologies, particularly in high-demand applications such as transportation, industrial machinery, and renewable energy systems.
[029] As urban mobility continues to evolve, the need for efficient and reliable braking technologies becomes increasingly critical. The proposed electromagnetic braking system is poised to address these demands, offering improved performance and comfort in various vehicular applications. By supporting the development of advanced electric vehicles, this invention aligns with broader efforts to enhance transportation safety and sustainability.
[030] In conclusion, the advanced electromagnetic braking system represents a significant advancement in braking technology. By harnessing electromagnetic principles, innovative materials, and intelligent control systems, this invention provides a comprehensive solution to the challenges faced by traditional braking systems. Its ability to deliver reliable, efficient, and safe operation positions it as a transformative technology in the field of automotive and industrial applications, paving the way for a safer and more sustainable future in transportation.
[031] It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-discussed embodiments may be used in combination with each other. Many other embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description.
[032] The benefits and advantages which may be provided by the present invention have been described above with regard to specific embodiments. These benefits and advantages, and any elements or limitations that may cause them to occur or to become more pronounced are not to be construed as critical, required, or essential features of any or all of the embodiments.
, Claims:1. An Advanced Electromagnetic Braking System for Vehicles, comprising:
a) a pair of electromagnets arranged to generate a magnetic field;
b) a rotor or disc made of conductive material that interacts with the magnetic field to induce eddy currents;
c) a control unit for selectively activating the electromagnets to generate braking force; and
d) a cooling mechanism to manage thermal dissipation generated during operation.
2. The braking system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling mechanism includes a fan positioned adjacent to the electromagnets to enhance heat dissipation.
3. The braking system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotor is designed to stop from a rotational speed of 300 RPM to 0 RPM within a period of 2.5 seconds.
4. The braking system as claimed in claim 1, further including a feedback mechanism to monitor the rotor speed and adjust the electromagnet activation in real time.
5. The braking system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electromagnets are configured in a hybrid arrangement with permanent magnets to improve braking efficiency and energy conservation.
6. The braking system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit includes an adaptive magnetic field control system to optimize the braking force based on vehicle speed and load conditions.
7. The braking system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conductive material of the rotor includes a composite design to enhance performance and reduce wear over time.
8. The braking system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the safety features include a redundant multi-layer design that ensures continued functionality in the event of a component failure.
9. The braking system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system is applicable for use in heavy-duty vehicles, railway locomotives, and electric vehicles, providing enhanced braking reliability and safety.
10. The braking system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the design includes a mechanism for selectively engaging either the electromagnetic braking system or traditional friction brakes, depending on driving conditions.

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