A system for fabrication an nano electrode for electrochemical spotting of Lithium ions

Abstract

Exposure to Lithium can contaminate the water supplies and causes the ecosystems, while if they leach out of landfills. The improper incineration and discard of batteries can release toxic pollutants into the biosphere. We found that the interfacial barrier of cadmium ferrite hetero-nanocomposite had powerful physical effects on electrochemical sensor examination. The sensitive electrochemical detection technique for Lithium ions present in acidic electrolyte, while efficient potentially eliminating the hindrance of other chemicals has been lacking at the present time. As based on the interfacial physical barrier, it could avoid the existing problem of the traditional electrochemical sensing mechanism and apply in more interfering environment. High sensitivity and specificity towards sensitive detection of Lithium ion (Li3⁺) in acidic electrolyte (0.1M HCl) was achieved by employing the modified cadmium ferrite electrode. The achieved method allows various types of nanostructured materials to be developed with good stability and high sensitivity towards detection of Lithium ion (Li3⁺).

Specification

Description:FIELD OF INVENTION
[001] The reported invention associate with Sensors, hence field of invention is Sensors.
BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART

[002] Nanotechnology has become ubiquitous in today's world and the metal nano-ferrites have drawn a potential attention by the impact of physico-chemical characteristics on wider applications in different zones such as medical field, industrial area and domestic applications. Currently, the selection, design and preparation of nanomaterials have emphasis of strong potential applications based on their greater interesting properties than those of their bulk-material such as gas-sensors, magnetic-nature, energy storage device, photocatalysis, adsorption, etc., Among the various ferrites, the cadmium ferrite has suitable material for electrochemical energy storage device applications in developing markets. One such nanomaterials are cadmium ferrite nanoparticle, which have been used as sensor material for detection of Lithium ion (Li3⁺) in acidic electrolyte.
[003] Currently, the rapid development of human activities in various sectors creates a lot of poisonous pollutants and threatening the fresh-water assets causes serious ecological problems. Attempts have been made in the past and are being made at present to develop a new nanomaterials to identify the Lithium ions in acidic electrolyte. One of the most critical environmental issues associated with lithium extraction is water usage. The production of one ton of lithium requires million liters of water, diverting scarce water resources away from local agriculture and indigenous communities. However, they also come with drawbacks such as cost, limited lifespan, safety concerns, environmental impact, and temperature sensitivity. To solve this issues, the various techniques are employed to detect the different levels of toxic components present in effluent released from respective fields. The electrochemical studies plays a vital role towards detection of toxic chemicals or molecules present in electrolyte. Hence, it provides a challenging inputs to researcher for qualitative examination methods for toxic chemicals and antibiotics due to their adverse issues on human health and surroundings. The electrochemical sensor detection measurements are showed a potential action upon targeted molecules via continuous redox reaction under specific electrolyte.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[004] The study of research proposes a systematic patterns for optimization and fabrication of a sustainable-cost effective electrochemical sensor made by cadmium ferrite nanoparticle and graphite powder. The modified sensor electrode offer a significant electrochemical properties that can improve the material selectivity and sensitivity actions. The current reported invention revealing a process for development of excellent stability and high sensitivity towards detection of Lithium ion (Li3⁺). The detection of Lithium ion from suitable and specific nanoparticle electrode by preparing an modified nano-graphite electrode under suitable electrolyte. Electrochemical behaviour of achieved samples were effectively examined by cyclic voltammeric and electrochemical impedance methods in 0.1M KCl. The electrochemical characteristics of laboratory prepared modified cadmium ferrite-graphite electrode was investigated by observing its redox reaction at different scan rate of 0.01-0.05 V/s in 0.1M KCl under 3-electrode system using CV analysis. The potential variation in the anodic peak (Epa) and cathodic (peak Epc) potential evaluates the reversibility of redox reaction. The electrochemical characteristic curves of modified cadmium ferrite-graphite electrode for Lithium ion sensing actions was performed by CV voltogram with various concentrations (1-5 mM) at 0.03 V/s in 0.1M KCl. The modified cadmium ferrite-graphite electrode shows sharp and high current density for additional oxidation and reduction potential peaks appears at different voltage confirms its sensing actions.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS:
The reported research invention will now be described with the support of provided graphs, in which:
FIG.1a elaborate a cyclic voltametric analysis for cadmium ferrite nanoparticle using three-electrode system in 0.1M KCl electrolyte.
FIG. 1b illustrates a cyclic voltametric spectra of cadmium ferrite nanoparticle for sensing Lithium (Li3+) ion in 0.1M KCl electrolyte.
FIG. 1c illustrates a appearance of additional Reduction potential peak in the potential range of 0.6 to 0.15 V measured by cyclic voltametric spectral analysis.
FIG. 1d & 1e illustrates a appearance of additional Reduction potential peaks in the potential range of 0.48 to 0.40 V measured by cyclic voltametric spectral analysis.
The cadmium ferrite nanoparticle modified with graphite has been used as a nano-graphite electrode and successfully for electrochemical sensor activity towards Lithium (Li3+) ion in 0.1M KCl electrolyte in the different scan rates from 0.01 to 0.05 V/s at room temperature. Fig.1a shows the excellent redox reactions of modified nano-graphite electrode in acidic electrolyte observed from cyclic voltamteric measurements. Fig.1b displays the excellent redox reactions of modified nano-graphite electrode with excellent sensing activity in acidic electrolyte observed from cyclic voltamteric measurements at starting potential window (-1.2 V) to switching potential (+1.0 V). The appearance of additional reduction potential peak in the potential range of 0.6 to 0.15 V measured by cyclic voltametric spectral analysis confirms the lithium ion sensing actions as shown in Fig.1c. The Fig.1d illustrates the changes in reduction reaction of lithium ions in acid solution investigated by the sensing action of nano-graphite electrode observed from starting potential (+0.48 V) to switching potential (+0.40 V). In this regards, the reported research invention, the electrochemical performance for evaluating lithium ion sensing response from modified nano-graphite electrode at (+0.45 V) for the concentration of 3 mM and (+0.41 V) for the concentration of 4 mM recorded based on electrochemical or redox reaction in electrolytic solution
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[013] The current reported invention revealing a process for development of excellent stability and high sensitivity towards detection of Lithium ion (Li3⁺). The detection of Lithium ion from suitable and specific nanoparticle electrode by preparing an modified nano-graphite electrode under suitable electrolyte. Electrochemical behaviour of achieved samples were effectively examined by cyclic voltammeric (CV) and electrochemical impedance (EIS) methods in 0.1M KCl. The electrochemical characteristics of laboratory prepared modified cadmium ferrite-graphite electrode was investigated by observing its redox reaction at different scan rate of 0.01-0.05 V/s in 0.1M KCl under 3-electrode system using CV analysis. This CV voltammogram of prepared nano-graphite electrode obtained by measuring its excellent current at potential window from 0.8 to -0.6 V. The potential variation in the anodic peak (Epa) and cathodic (peak Epc) potential evaluates the reversibility of redox reaction. The electrochemical characteristic curves of modified cadmium ferrite-graphite electrode for Lithium ion sensing actions was performed by CV voltogram with various concentrations (1-5 mM) at 0.03 V/s in 0.1M KCl. The variations in redox potential for every addition of lithium concentrations were observed. The modified cadmium ferrite-graphite electrode shows sharp and high current density for additional reduction potential peak the potential range of 0.6 to 0.15 V. The current reported invention revealing that modified cadmium ferrite-graphite electrode showed excellent sensitivity towards detection of Lithium ion (Li3⁺) confirmed by appearance of reduction potential peaks at 0.45V and 0.41V. , C , Claims:The electrochemical sensor detection technique for Lithium ions present in acidic electrolyte using cadmium hetero-nanoparticle. Quantitative electrochemical examination is a powerful tool for exploring excellent Lithium ion sensing activity confirmed by Reduction potential peaks in the rages from 0.6 to 0.15 V; the peak at (+0.45 V) for the concentration of 3 mM and (+0.41 V) for 4 mM by the impact of increasing addition of 1-5mM of lithium content in 0.1M KCl electrolyte at scan rate of 0.03V/s.

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