A SELF-HEALING GEOTEXTILES FOR IMPROVED SLOPE STABILITY AND EROSION CONTROL

Abstract

ABSTRACT The present invention relates to a self-healing geotextile designed (100) for enhanced slope stability and erosion control, comprising a primary polymer layer (102) embedded with microcapsules containing a healing agent and an integrated catalyst that triggers a solidification reaction upon rupture of the microcapsules. The geotextile features a supporting fiber layer (104) to improve tensile strength, a drainage layer (106) to facilitate controlled water permeability, and a filter layer (108) to prevent soil particle migration while maintaining filtration efficiency. An optional environmental resistance layer (110) provides protection against UV radiation, moisture, and chemicals, extending the geotextile's service life. The system (100) allows for self-healing capabilities activated by mechanical stress or temperature changes, enabling the geotextile to restore its structural integrity autonomously. This innovative solution is applicable in various infrastructure projects, including slope stabilization, erosion control, road construction, and dam reinforcement, thereby enhancing durability and minimizing maintenance needs. Figure associated with Abstract is Fig. 1

Specification

Description:4. DESCRIPTION
Technical Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to civil engineering and geotechnical engineering, specifically focusing on the development and use of synthetic geotextiles. These materials improves soil stability and performance in construction projects, such as roadways, dams, and slope stabilization. Geotextiles are designed to improve load distribution, prevent soil erosion, and reinforce earth structures, providing essential support for long-term structural integrity in challenging environmental conditions.

Background of the Invention

Geotextiles are synthetic materials extensively used in civil and geotechnical engineering to enhance soil stability, control erosion, and extend the life of infrastructure projects. These materials are widely applied in road construction, dam reinforcement, and slope stabilization, where they act as barriers and reinforcement structures that improve load distribution, prevent soil displacement, and maintain slope integrity. Traditional geotextiles, generally manufactured from polymers such as polypropylene and polyester, are effective in their primary roles but face limitations over time, especially under harsh environmental conditions. Exposure to factors like UV radiation, oxidation, and mechanical stress can degrade these materials, reducing their structural integrity and performance. This degradation not only limits the effectiveness of the geotextile itself but also poses a risk to the stability of the structures they are intended to support, making it necessary to explore more durable solutions.

One of the most critical issues arising from geotextile degradation is reduced slope stability. Geotextiles play a crucial role in reinforcing soil, and as they weaken, they lose their ability to counteract the forces that can lead to slope failures. This is particularly concerning in applications such as road embankments and hillside developments, where slope stability is essential for safety and functionality. In addition, the loss of geotextile integrity can lead to increased soil erosion, a phenomenon that not only damages the environment by disturbing natural habitats and waterways but also introduces significant economic costs due to the need for frequent maintenance and repairs. Consequently, the degradation of geotextiles ultimately reduces the lifespan of infrastructure, leading to an increased need for replacements and additional investments, which is unsustainable in the long run.

Given the inherent limitations of traditional geotextiles, there is a pressing need for innovation in this field. An ideal solution would involve the development of advanced geotextile materials capable of withstanding prolonged exposure to harsh environmental conditions without losing effectiveness. A promising direction is the concept of self-healing geotextiles materials that can automatically repair damage caused by environmental or mechanical stresses. This would improve the long-term performance and durability of geotextiles, reducing maintenance costs, and enhancing the sustainability of infrastructure projects. By providing a more robust and self-sustaining solution, self-healing geotextiles have the potential to address many of the existing challenges, leading to more resilient and cost-effective infrastructure.

Efforts to develop self-healing materials have been made in various fields, including polymers and composites, but applying these technologies to geotextiles presents unique challenges. Self-healing materials have often been limited to niche applications or have encountered obstacles related to manufacturing costs, material complexity, and ensuring consistent performance in diverse environmental settings. Achieving self-healing functionality in geotextiles requires a balance between durability, cost-effectiveness, and adaptability to varying soil and climate conditions, which has proven challenging for researchers and developers. This invention aims to address these issues by advancing the technology of self-healing geotextiles, providing a breakthrough solution that meets the demands of durability, performance, and cost efficiency in the field of civil engineering.

Brief Summary of the Invention

The following presents a simplified summary of the disclosure in order to provide a basic understanding to the reader. This summary is not an extensive overview of the disclosure, and it does not identify key/critical elements of the invention or delineate the scope of the invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts disclosed herein in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

The primary object of the present invention is to create a geotextile material that significantly improves the stability of slopes, particularly in areas prone to erosion, landslides, or soil movement. By reinforcing soil and providing structural support, these self-healing geotextiles aim to prevent slope failures and maintain integrity in infrastructure applications.

The secondary object of the present invention is to incorporate intrinsic self-healing properties within the geotextile. This feature enables the material to autonomously repair minor damages caused by environmental factors, such as UV exposure or mechanical stresses, extending the material's performance without external intervention.

Another significant object of the invention is to address soil erosion, the self-healing geotextile acts as a durable protective barrier that resists the erosive effects of water, wind, and other natural forces. By mitigating erosion, the invention contributes to landscape stability, environmental conservation, and infrastructure longevity.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a self-healing geotextiles for improved slope stability and erosion control (100) is disclosed.

In accordance with the aspect of the present invention is to increase the overall lifespan of geotextiles by integrating self-healing mechanisms that combat wear and tear, degradation, and premature material failure. This enhancement in durability leads to fewer replacements and repairs, making it a cost-effective and sustainable solution.

In accordance with the aspect of the present invention is to optimize the drainage properties of the geotextile, ensuring efficient water percolation and preventing waterlogging that can destabilize slopes. Proper drainage supports soil health, minimizes hydrostatic pressure, and enhances slope resilience.

In accordance with the aspect of the present invention is to support vegetation growth by providing a conducive environment for root establishment and moisture retention. Vegetation, in turn, contributes to slope stabilization by binding soil particles and reducing erosion naturally.

In accordance with the aspect of the present invention is to reducing the need for frequent repairs and replacements, the invention aims to lower long-term maintenance costs. This cost efficiency is beneficial for large-scale infrastructure projects where maintenance is often a significant expense.

In accordance with the aspect of the present invention is to develop an environmentally friendly geotextile solution, designed with sustainability in mind. The geotextile's extended service life and reduced environmental impact throughout its lifecycle make it a valuable innovation for sustainable infrastructure projects.

Further objects, features, and advantages of the invention will be readily apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention will be further understood from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment taken in conjunction with an appended drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 illustrates the block diagram of the self-healing geotextiles for improved slope stability and erosion control (100), in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 illustrates a cross-section of a road or pavement, comparing the construction with and without a geotextile layer (200), in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 illustrates the method of self-healing geotextiles for improved slope stability and erosion control (300), in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.



Detailed Description of the Invention

It is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The present disclosure is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. In addition, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.

The use of "including", "comprising" or "having" and variations thereof herein is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. The terms "a" and "an" herein do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced items. Further, the use of terms "first", "second", and "third", and the like, herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another.

According to an aspect of the present invention, self-healing geotextiles for improved slope stability and erosion control (100) is disclosed. The present invention introduces a groundbreaking self-healing geotextile specifically engineered to enhance slope stability and control erosion in various environmental settings. Traditionally, geotextiles are used in civil and geotechnical engineering projects to reinforce soil, prevent erosion, and facilitate drainage. While effective, conventional geotextiles can degrade over time, particularly when subjected to prolonged environmental stresses. This degradation results in weakened structural integrity, increased maintenance, and eventually, costly replacement. By embedding self-healing capabilities, this invention addresses these limitations, allowing the geotextile to autonomously repair itself and extend its functional lifespan.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the self-healing mechanism in this advanced geotextile operates through an innovative integration of microcapsules filled with a healing agent. These microcapsules are dispersed within the geotextile's polymeric structure, forming an embedded repair system. When the geotextile is damaged whether through tears, cracks, or punctures, these microcapsules break open at the affected site. The healing agent within them is released and reacts with the surrounding material, filling the damaged areas and restoring the geotextile's structural integrity. This mechanism is designed to activate without external intervention, effectively repairing minor and moderate damage automatically. The polymer used in this self-healing process is highly adaptable, allowing the geotextile to withstand varying conditions such as extreme temperatures, moisture levels, and continuous soil pressure, making it ideal for long-term applications.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the core structure of the geotextile is typically made from durable synthetic polymers such as polypropylene, polyester, or polyethylene. These polymers are chosen for their high tensile strength, flexibility, and resistance to environmental degradation. This base material forms the main body of the geotextile and provides essential mechanical support, enabling it to withstand loads, erosion, and other external stresses. The geotextile can be woven, non-woven, or knitted, depending on the specific application. Woven structures are ideal for high-strength applications, while non-woven fabrics are better suited for filtration and separation.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the microcapsules are embedded within the geotextile's polymer matrix. These capsules contain a healing agent, typically a polymer or epoxy resin, which is specially formulated to flow and solidify upon exposure to damage. The microcapsules are engineered to remain intact under normal conditions but to rupture when a tear or puncture occurs, releasing the healing agent directly at the damage site. This process enables the geotextile to automatically repair small cracks or breaches, thus extending its functional lifespan.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the system includes a catalyst or activator for rapid and effective healing that reacts with the healing agent upon its release. These catalysts are incorporated either in the microcapsules or within the surrounding geotextile fibers, depending on the material design. Common catalysts include organic compounds that trigger polymerization or cross-linking of the healing agent. Upon contact with the released agent, they initiate a chemical reaction that fills the damaged area and restores the geotextile's structural integrity.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, for adding structural strength the geotextile may have additional layers of high-strength synthetic fibers, such as glass or carbon fibers. These fibers reinforce the geotextile, making it resistant to large-scale deformation or tearing. These layers are strategically placed to enhance durability and provide added reinforcement in areas that may experience higher stress. This feature is especially useful in construction applications where geotextiles are exposed to substantial loads or fluctuating pressures.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the system having a protective coating is applied to the outer surface of the geotextile. This coating acts as a barrier against UV rays, moisture, and chemical contaminants, which could otherwise degrade the microcapsules or base polymer material over time.
The coating may be made of UV-resistant polymers, hydrophobic materials, or chemical-resistant layers, depending on the specific environment in which the geotextile will be used. By protecting the underlying structure, the coating contributes to the material's longevity and self-healing effectiveness.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the system is equipped with stabilizing additives, such as UV stabilizers, antioxidants, or flame retardants, may also be included in the polymer mixture to enhance the geotextile's environmental resistance. These additives ensure that the material remains stable and durable over extended periods in harsh conditions. Fillers may also be added to improve mechanical properties, reduce costs, or enhance the bonding between different components within the geotextile structure. Fillers are usually inert substances that add volume without affecting the geotextile's primary functions.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the bonding matrix is used to embed the microcapsules, catalyst, and supporting fibers within the geotextile. This matrix ensures that all components are evenly distributed and securely held together. It is typically composed of a polymer that adheres well to both the base material and the embedded components. This matrix also ensures that the microcapsules are kept at optimal spacing, so they can efficiently cover any damaged areas that might appear.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the geotextile may include specialized layers that promote water permeability while preventing soil particles from clogging the material. These layers are typically non-woven and allow water to pass through, thereby reducing hydrostatic pressure behind retaining walls or embankments. These drainage layers play an essential role in erosion control and slope stabilization by ensuring efficient water flow and reducing soil displacement.

Fig.1 illustrates the comprehensive block diagram of the self-healing geotextiles for improved slope stability and erosion control (100) structured with five different layers. Those are primary polymer layer (102), supporting fiber layer (104), drainage layer (106), filter layer (108), environment resistance layer (110). The primary polymer layer (102) forms the main surface layer with self-healing capabilities. The microcapsules embedded within release the healing agent upon mechanical stress or damage, where it reacts with the catalyst to solidify and repair. The supporting layer (104) reinforced the geotextile, making it suitable for applications with load-bearing needs. The drainage layer (106) promotes water flow through the geotextile, necessary for erosion control and slope stability by reducing water buildup. The filter layer (108) prevents soil particles from migrating into other layers, maintaining structural integrity and separating soil effectively. Finally the optional environmental resistance layer (110) protects the geotextile from degradation due to UV exposure, moisture, and chemicals, thus prolonging its life.

Fig.2 illustrates the cross-section of a road or pavement, comparing the construction with and without a geotextile layer (200). The road without geotextile leads to a distressed pavement. This section represents an area where the pavement has deteriorated, showing cracks, potholes, and a weakened transition layer. Whereas the road or pavement with geotextile having intact pavement. This section shows a well-maintained pavement with a strong transition layer and provides structural support to the pavement. The subgrade is constructing under the transition layer or effective aggregation base, separated by geotextile separation.

Fig. 3 illustrates the method of self-healing geotextiles for improved slope stability and erosion control (300). This figure shows the water flow on the pavement with and without geotextile. The water flow without geotextile represent a water layer having fines, that are directly moving with water flow into coarse aggregates and leads to damaged pavement. Whereas the water flow with geotextile represents a water layer having fines but the fines are separated by geotextile. So that the only clean water are moving into coarse aggregates and improves longtivity and stability of pavement.

Geotextile Functions:

Geotextiles serve multiple functions within pavement systems:
1. Separation: Geotextiles create a distinct layer between different materials, preventing intermixing and maintaining the integrity of each layer. This separation improves the overall stability and performance of the pavement.
2. Filtration: Geotextiles act as filters, allowing water to pass through while retaining fine soil particles. This prevents clogging of the aggregate layer and ensures efficient drainage, reducing the risk of frost heave and other water-related damages.
3. Reinforcement: In certain applications, geotextiles can be used to reinforce the soil or aggregate layer, increasing its strength and load-bearing capacity. This is particularly useful in areas with weak subgrades or where heavy traffic loads are expected.
4. Drainage: Geotextiles can be used to create drainage paths within the pavement structure, improving water dissipation and reducing the potential for hydrostatic pressure buildup.

Applications:
Geotextiles find applications in various pavement types:
• Roadways: Geotextiles can be used to improve subgrade stability, enhance drainage, and reduce pavement thickness.

• Airport runways: They are used to improve the load-bearing capacity and drainage of airport runways, especially in areas with poor soil conditions.

• Railway tracks: Geotextiles can be used to stabilize the ballast layer and reduce track maintenance requirements.

• Parking lots and driveways: Geotextiles can be used to improve the load-bearing capacity and drainage of parking lots and driveways, especially in areas with soft soils.

Potential Applications:

Self-healing geotextiles have a wide range of potential applications, including:
• Slope stabilization: Reinforcing slopes to prevent landslides and erosion.

• Road construction: Improving the stability and durability of road embankments and retaining walls.

• Dam construction: Enhancing the stability and water-tightness of dams.

• Coastal protection: Protecting coastal infrastructure from erosion and wave action.

• Mining applications: Stabilizing mine slopes and preventing soil erosion.
, Claims:CLAIMS
I/We Claim:
1. A self-healing geotextiles for improved slope stability and erosion control (100) comprising:
a primary polymer layer (102) embedded with microcapsules containing a healing agent;
a catalyst integrated within the polymer layer that initiates a solidification reaction upon contact with the healing agent;
a supporting fiber layer (104) attached to the primary polymer layer to enhance tensile strength and provide reinforcement for applications involving soil separation or load-bearing;
a drainage layer (106) that allows controlled water permeability to facilitate drainage in applications such as slope stabilization, erosion control, or subsurface soil stabilization;
a filter layer (108) embedded within the geotextile to prevent the migration of soil particles while maintaining permeability, enhancing the geotextile's functionality in filtration and separation applications.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microcapsules rupture when subjected to mechanical stress, releasing the healing agent to repair the damaged area, thereby restoring the structural integrity of the geotextile material.

3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the healing agent is selected from a group of polymers capable of bonding with the primary polymer layer (102) to achieve full or partial mechanical property restoration.

4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the primary polymer layer (102) is coated with an environmental resistance layer (110) to provide protection against UV radiation, moisture, and chemical exposure, thereby extending the service life of the geotextile.

5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the healing agent is activated by temperature changes, allowing self-healing to occur under fluctuating environmental conditions without external intervention.

6. A method for self-healing geotextiles for improved slope stability and erosion control (100) as claimed in claim 1, comprising:

• embedding microcapsules containing a healing agent within a primary polymer layer (102);
• incorporating a catalyst that reacts with the healing agent upon rupture of the microcapsules to initiate a solidification process that repairs mechanical damage;
• optionally applying an environmental resistance layer (110) to protect against UV, moisture, and chemical exposure.

7. The method as claimed in claim 6, further comprising integrating a supporting fiber layer (104) and a drainage layer (106) to provide structural reinforcement and water permeability, respectively, for enhanced geotextile performance in slope stabilization and soil separation.

8. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the self-healing geotextile is applied in slope stabilization, erosion control, road construction, or dam reinforcement, thereby enhancing structural durability, minimizing maintenance, and extending the operational life of the infrastructure.

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