A PEST CONTROL COMPOSITION FOR KHARIF CROPS AND PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pest control composition. Specifically, the present invention relates to an insecticide combination for pest control. More specifically, the present invention relates to an insecticide combination for pest control in kharif crops. Also, the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an insecticide combination for pest control. Further, the insecticide combination of the present invention is highly effective against pests in kharif crops and thereby increases the yield of the crops.

Specification

Description:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a pest control composition. Specifically, the present invention relates to an insecticide combination for pest control. More specifically, the present invention relates to an insecticide combination for pest control in kharif crops. Also, the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an insecticide combination for pest control. Further, the insecticide combination of the present invention is highly effective against pests in kharif crops and thereby increases the yield of the crops.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[0003] Kharif crops are crops that are sown in the rainy season and harvested in the fall. In India, the rainy season, or Kharif season, lasts from June to November. Kharif crops require a lot of heat and humidity when they are sown, and dry weather when they are maturing. Some examples of Kharif crops include: Rice, Maize, Cotton, Bajra, Soybean, Groundnut, Sugarcane and Jute.
[0004] Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important cereal crop grown all over the world as food for human consumption, animal feed, fodder and as an industrial product. It has the highest genetic yield potential among the cereals. It is cultivated on nearly 150 m ha in about 160 countries having wider diversity of soil, climate, biodiversity and management practices". Among the cereal crops, due to its highest genetic yield potential, maize is called the "queen of cereals". It is also known as the "Miracle Crop" because of its high solar use efficiency and immense potential for increased production. India produced 31.51 million tons in an area of 9.9 million hectares in 2020-21, whereas in kharif 2021-22, maize production was 21.24 million tons in an area of 8.15 million hectares. Its grain contains protein (3.27g), carbohydrates (18.7g), fat (1.35g), oil (4%), fiber (2g) and minerals (2%) [United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Nutrient Database]. Globally, India ranks 4th in area and 7th in production of maize contributing approximately 4% and 2% of global area and production of maize, respectively. In India, area under maize crop is 9.63 million hectare with production and productivity of 25.90 million tones and 2.68 T/ha respectively during 2016-17. During May-June 2018 it was reported on maize from Shivamogga district (Karnataka) for the first time in India since then, it has been spread to several states in the country causing havoc to the maize growing areas. Now, the presence of this pest is reported in all the states of India except in a few northern states. Where it has been reported to cause damage to maize, sweet corn and baby corn.
[0005] Now this pest has spread in many Asian countries. It was first reported in Maharashtra in September 2018 in Tandulwadi village, Solapur district by the farmer Ganesh Babar. The term "fall armyworm" (FAW) comes from their existence of destruction, in which the infestations will mimic an army when travelling through vast agricultural fields by eating all the green matter they come across. It is a polyphagous, gregarious and disruptive pest that targets 353 plant species from 76 families, with Poaceae (106), Asteraceae (31) and Fabaceae (31) receiving the bulk of the attacks. Spodoptera frugiperda infestations resulted in the yield losses of 15 to 73 percent when 55 to 100 per cent of the plants were infested at various stages of development. As FAW is a new invasive pest and seems to create havoc by their voracious nature, their management with a different group of insecticides and biopesticides during the Kharif season is needed, ensuring that the farmers avoid economic loss.
[0006] Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) often described as the miracle golden bean, the pearl of the Orient, the Cinderella crop of the century, the meat that grows on vines, the protein hope of the future and the salvation crop among others is globally considered as nutritious meal with tremendous food value. It is the world's most remarkable seed legume with the unique chemical composition which offers the health benefits not only to human beings but also to animals, poultry birds and fishes. The key benefits are related to their excellent protein content (contains all 8 essential amino acids), high levels of essential fatty acids, numerous vitamins and minerals and fiber. Soybean placed first in the world as edible oil and occupies an important place in the national economy of many developed and developing countries. About 85 percent of the world's soybeans are processed annually into soybean meal and oil. Approximately 98 per cent of the soybean meal is crushed and further processed into animal feed with the balance used to make soya flour and proteins, of the oil extraction, 95 per cent is consumed as edible oil; the rest is used for industrial products such as fatty acids, soaps and biodiesel. Globally, soybean is cultivated on an area of 126.95 million ha with 362.64 million MT of total production and 2860 kg per ha of an average yield. In India, soybean crop covers 11.13 million ha area with 13.26 million MT of total production and an average yield of 1192 kg per ha. The major soybean growing states are Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Chhattisgarh.
[0007] In Maharashtra, the area under soybean crop is 0.40 million ha with total production of 0.45 million MT and an average yield of 1125 kg per ha. Several biotic and abiotic factors are found responsible for reduction in soybean yield under Indian conditions. The major biotic stresses which reduce soybean productivity are diseases and insect-pests. Soybean is attacked by 273 species of insect-pests, amongst 20 insect-pest species are important in India. These insect-pests of soybean inflicted 30.8 per cent avoidable losses in seed yield. Whereas, 20 to 100 percent yield losses were noticed in soybean due to individual disease or insect or weed species. Soybean pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important pest capable of colonizing several species of cultivated plants, including soybean. H. armigera represents a significant challenge to soybean cropping systems in many parts of the world. The larvae damage vegetative and reproductive plant stages by feeding on leaves, stems, shoots, inflorescence, pods and seeds resulting in variable economic loss. The loss due to H. armigera in vegetable soybean varied from 38.49 to 45.04 per cent. However, the major damage due to H. armigera occurs during the pod-filling reproductive stage of soybean. Even relatively low infestations of H. armigera during this stage can cause significant reductions for soybean. Moreover, several chemical insecticides have been recommended by CIB and RC for the control of insect-pests infesting soybean in India. However, these label claimed insecticides need to be revalidated from time to time for the effective management of insect-pests. In addition, the residual toxicity resulting from foliar application of insecticides could be of great significance in indicating an effective period over which an insecticide could persist in a biologically active stage under field conditions.
[0008] Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seed of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the family of Malvasia. Cotton, the king of fiber, is one of the momentous and important cash crops exercising profound influence on economics and social affairs of the world. The word "cotton" derived from the Arabic word "alqatan" and popularly known as "White Gold". Cotton is one of the oldest fibers known to mankind. The total production of cotton in India was 30005 lakh bales with 415 kg/ha productivity in 12292 lakh hectares of land. Among the variety of reasons for low yield, the magnitude of insect pests, which damage (average 5-10%) the cotton crop from sowing to maturity. These attacks of insect pests cause heavy qualitative and quantitative yield losses varying from 40- 50 percent. Insecticides account for 60 percent of total pesticides consumed in India, out of which natural pesticides (including botanicals) consumption is a meager and only 2 per cent.
[0009] The pest spectrum of the cotton crop is quite complex, comprising several species of the insects. Bollworm complex viz., American bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera Hub.), spotted bollworm (Earias vitella Fab.) and pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders) account for a considerable yield loss to the extent of 36.2 percent losses by the bollworm complex However, A wide range of insecticides have proved as effective weapons in reducing the pest population. The cotton growers in India depend heavily on synthetic pesticides to combat pests and the crop consumes about 20 percent of the total insecticides used in the country. However, the indiscriminate use of organophosphates, carbamates and synthetic pyrethroids has created a number of problems such as resistance and pest resurgence.
[0010] Therefore, there is an unmet need in the art to develop a new pest control composition that is economical, sustainable and overcomes one or more drawbacks of the prior art.

OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION
[0011] An objective of the present invention is to provide a pest control composition.
[0012] Another objective of the present invention is to provide an insecticide combination for pest control in kharif crops.
[0013] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of an insecticide combination for pest control.
[0014] Another objective of the present invention is to provide an insecticide combination that is highly effective against pests in kharif crops and thereby increases the yield of the crops.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0015] The present invention relates to a pest control composition. Specifically, the present invention relates to an insecticide combination for pest control. More specifically, the present invention relates to an insecticide combination for pest control in kharif crops. Also, the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an insecticide combination for pest control. Further, the insecticide combination of the present invention is highly effective against pests in kharif crops and thereby increases the yield of the crops.
[0016] In an aspect, the present invention relates to a pest control composition for kharif crops comprising: one or more insecticides, one or more surfactant, a biocide, a defoamer and a solvent.
[0017] In another aspect of the present invention, the insecticides are selected from a group consisting of Alphacypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Emamectin benzoate and Chlorantraniliprole or a combination thereof.
[0018] In another aspect of the present invention, the insecticides are present in a concentration:
Alphacypermethrin in a range of 9% to 11%;
Deltamethrin in a range of 4% to 5%;
Emamectin benzoate in a range of 3 % to 4%; and
Chlorantraniliprole in a range of 4% to 5%.
[0019] In another aspect of the present invention, the surfactants are selected from a group consisting of Envipol M 98, Envipol TRN and Envipol PE or a combination thereof.
[0020] In another aspect of the present invention, the biocide is Nipacide BIT-20.
[0021] In another aspect of the present invention, the defoamer is Sag-1572 Defoamer.
[0022] In another aspect of the present invention, the solvent is selected from Propylene Glycol and demineralized water or a combination thereof.
[0023] In another aspect of the present invention, the composition further comprises Xanthum Gum and Precipitated Silica (Ppt Silica).
[0024] In another aspect of the present invention, the pest are selected from Fall Armyworm, (Spodoptera frugiperda), Soyabean pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera), American bollworm Spotted bollworm and Pink Bollworm.
[0025] In another aspect of the present invention, the Kharif crops are selected from maize (Zea mays L.), soyabean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) and cotton.
[0026] In another aspect, the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a pest control composition for kharif crops comprising the steps of:
a) mixing propylene glycol and one or more surfactant under stirring to obtain a mixture;
b) adding biocide, defoamer and demineralized (DM) water after 15 minutes in the mixture obtained in step (a) and followed by homogenization for 15 mins;
c) adding ppt silica in the mixture obtained in step (b) under continuous stirring and followed by adding one or more insecticides with homogenization for 30 min to obtain a wet slurry;
d) passing the wet slurry obtained in step (c) to Dyno-Mill under defined temperature;
e) collecting the slurry obtained in step (d) and followed by homogenization; and
f) adding the gel in the slurry obtained in step (e) under stirring and followed by packing the obtained gel composition.
[0027] In another aspect of the present invention, the surfactants are selected from a group consisting of Envipol M 98, Envipol TRN and Envipol PE or a combination thereof.
[0028] In another aspect of the present invention, the insecticides are selected from a group consisting of Alphacypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Emamectin benzoate and Chlorantraniliprole or a combination thereof.
[0029] In another aspect of the present invention, the temperature in step (d) is maintained in a range of 20℃ to 25℃.
[0030] In another aspect of the present invention, the Particle Size distribution (PSD) is d90 < 10 µ.
[0031] In another aspect of the present invention, the homogenization is carried out in a range of 280 to 320 rpm.
[0032] In another aspect of the present invention, the stirring in step (f) is carried out for 2 to 3 hours.
[0033] In yet another aspect of the present invention, the composition is packed in a HDPE container.
[0034] Various objects, features, aspects and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0035] Those skilled in the art will be aware that the present disclosure is subject to variations and modifications other than those specifically described. It is to be understood that the present disclosure includes all such variations and modifications. The disclosure also includes all such steps, features, compositions and compounds referred to or indicated in this specification, individually or collectively, and any and all combinations of any or more of such steps or features.
[0036] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification which follow, the word "comprise" and variations thereof, such as, "comprises" and "comprising" are to be construed in an open, inclusive sense that is as "including, but not limited to."
[0037] Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
[0038] As used in the description herein and throughout the claims that follow, the meaning of "a," "an," and "the" includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of "in" includes "in" and "on" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0039] In some embodiments, the numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, properties such as concentration, and so forth, used to describe and claim certain embodiments of the invention are to be understood as being modified in some instances by the term "about." Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters set forth in the written description are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by a particular embodiment. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should be constructed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of some embodiments of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as practicable.
[0040] The recitation of ranges of values herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein.
[0041] All processes described herein can be performed in suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g. "such as") provided with respect to certain embodiments herein is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element essential to the practice of the invention.
[0042] The headings and abstract of the invention provided herein are for convenience only and do not interpret the scope or meaning of the embodiments.
[0043] Various terms are used herein. To the extent a term used in a claim is not defined below, it should be given the broadest definition persons in the pertinent art have given that term as reflected in printed publications and issued patents at the time of filing.
[0044] In a general embodiment, the present invention relates to a pest control composition. Specifically, the present invention relates to an insecticide combination for pest control. More specifically, the present invention relates to an insecticide combination for pest control in kharif crops. Also, the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an insecticide combination for pest control. Further, the insecticide combination of the present invention is highly effective against pests in kharif crops and thereby increases the yield of the crops.
[0045] In an embodiment, the present invention relates to a pest control composition for kharif crops comprising: one or more insecticides, one or more surfactant, a biocide, a defoamer and a solvent.
[0046] In another embodiment of the present invention, the insecticides are selected from a group consisting of Alphacypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Emamectin benzoate and Chlorantraniliprole or a combination thereof.
[0047] In another embodiment of the present invention, the insecticides are present in a concentration:
Alphacypermethrin in a range of 9% to 11%;
Deltamethrin in a range of 4% to 5%;
Emamectin benzoate in a range of 3 % to 4%; and
Chlorantraniliprole in a range of 4% to 5%.
[0048] In another embodiment of the present invention, the surfactants are selected from a group consisting of Envipol M 98, Envipol TRN and Envipol PE or a combination thereof.
[0049] In another embodiment of the present invention, the biocide is Nipacide BIT-20.
[0050] In another embodiment of the present invention, the defoamer is Sag-1572 Defoamer.
[0051] In another embodiment of the present invention, the solvent is selected from Propylene Glycol and demineralized water or a combination thereof.
[0052] In another embodiment of the present invention, the composition further comprises Xanthum Gum and Precipitated Silica (Ppt Silica).
[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the pest control composition of the present invention comprises components in a concentration as given in Table 1.
Table 1
Sr. No. Components gm % w/w

1 Alphacypermethrin 10
2 Deltamethrin 4.8
3 Emamectin benzoate 3.5
4 Chlorantraniliprole 4.8
5 Envipol M 98 2.0
6 Envipol TRN 3.0
7 Envipol PE 4.0
8 Nipacide BIT-20 0.1
9 Xanthum Gum 10
10 Sag-1572 Defoamer 0.5
11 Demineralized Water 51.9
12 Ppt Silica 0.4
13 Propylene Glycol 5
Total 100

[0054] In another embodiment of the present invention, the pest are selected from Fall Armyworm, (Spodoptera frugiperda), Soyabean pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera), American bollworm Spotted bollworm and Pink Bollworm.
[0055] In another embodiment of the present invention, the Kharif crops are selected from maize (Zea mays L.), soyabean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) and cotton.
[0056] In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a pest control composition for kharif crops comprising the steps of:
a) Preparation of Aqueous Phase;
b) Gelification; and
c) Packing.
[0057] In another embodiment of the present invention, the process for the preparation of aqueous phase comprises the steps of:
1. Taking 5.0 parts by weight of Propylene Glycol in Vessel, weigh and add 2.0 parts by weight of Envipol M 98 followed by 2.0 parts by weight of Envipol TRN, followed by Envipol PE under stirring and mix well. After 15 min, add Biocide, Defoamer and DM water. Continue the homogenization for further 15 min.
2. Weigh and add ppt silica under stirring. Followed by adding Alphacypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Emamectin Benzoate and Chlorantraniliprole.
3. Continue the homogenization for 30 min.
4. Passing the wet slurry to Dyno-Mill by maintaining the temperature less than 25°C throughout the process.
5. Collecting the slurry and keeping it for homogenization at 300 rpm.
[0058] In another embodiment of the present invention, the gelification is done by adding gel and continuing stirring for 2-3 hr.
[0059] In another embodiment of the present invention, the composition is packed in a HDPE container.
[0060] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the Particle Size distribution (PSD) is d90 < 10 µ.
[0061] In another embodiment of the present invention, the cost benefit ratio is calculated to prove that the use of the composition of the present invention is economical and sustainable. Also, the bio-efficacy of new insecticides combination of the present invention against H. armigera infesting soybean and bollworm complex in cotton is done. Further, the new insecticides combination of the present invention were selected for reducing the bollworm population and avoiding the insecticide resistance.
[0062] While the foregoing describes various embodiments of the disclosure, other and further embodiments of the disclosure may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, versions or examples, which are included to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention when combined with information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.
EXAMPLES
[0063] The disclosure will now be illustrated with working examples, which is intended to illustrate the working of disclosure and not intended to take restrictively to imply any limitations on the scope of the present disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood to one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. Although processes and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice of the disclosed processes and compositions, the exemplary processes, devices and materials are described herein. It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to particular processes, and experimental conditions described, as such processes and conditions may vary.
[0064] Example 1: Process for the preparation of pest control composition
Take 5.0 parts by weight of Propylene Glycol in Vessel, add and mix well. Weigh and add 2.0 parts by weight of Envipol M 98 followed by 2.0 parts by weight of Envipol TRN, followed by Envipol PE under stirring. After 15 min, add Biocide, Defoamer and add demineralized (DM) water. Continue the homogenization for further 15 min. Weigh and add ppt silica under stirring. Followed by adding Alphacypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Emamectin Benzoate and Chlorantraniliprole. Continue the homogenization for 30 min. Pass the wet slurry to Dyno-Mill by maintaining the temperature less than 25°C throughout the process. Particle Size distribution (PSD) should be d90 < 10 µ. Collect the slurry and keep it for homogenization at 300 rpm. Add the gel and continue stirring 2-3 hr. Finally packing the composition in a HDPE Container.
[0065] Example 2: Field Efficacy of insecticides combination against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda on Maize (Zea mays L.)
The studies on "Bio-efficacy of different insecticides combinations against fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda on Maize" were conducted under field conditions during Kharif seasons at Sahyadri Seeds Pvt. Ltd. R&D Farm at Sayane, Dist. Dhule (Maharashtra, India). The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) with eight treatments including untreated control with three replications. Maize crop was sown in a gross plot. The row to row distance of 60 cm and plant to plant distance of 30 cm was maintained. The crop was grown under protective irrigation, with all recommended packages of practices, except plant protection. The treatments of different insecticides is Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC by M/s Sahyadri Seeds Science LLP. were evaluated against S. frugiperda and subsequent sprays were given at 15 days intervals using manually operated knapsack sprayer. The observations were recorded on the number of live larvae per 5 plants on one day before spray and three days, seven days and fourteen days after the spray. These observations of live larvae were taken based on the appearance of fresh excreta in the leaf whorl of the plant. The data was subjected to statistical analysis for interpretation.
A field experiment was conducted during Kharif seasons (2022-23 and 2023-24) at Sahyadri Seeds Pvt. Ltd. R&D Farm at Sayane, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra. The Bio-efficacy of insecticide combination against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda on Maize were done during Kharif seasons. A view to evaluate the bio-efficacy of Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @500, 750, 1000, 1250ml/ha, Emamectin benzoate 5% SG @200 g/ha Chlorantraniliprol 18.5% SC 150 ml/ha and Alpha-cypermethrin 10% EC @ 500m l /ha against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda on Maize. On the basis of efficacy, T-4 (Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @ 1250ml/ha) and T-3(Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @ 1000ml/ha) found relatively more effective against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda on Maize. These two doses of Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC also reflected on Maize yield. Table 2 shows the treatment details for evaluation of bio - efficacy of different insecticides (2022-23 and 2023-24).
Table 2
Treatment Number Treatment DOSAGE
Formulation (ml/g per ha)
T-1 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 500 ml
T-2 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 750 ml
T-3 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80 % + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 1000 ml
T-4 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80 %+ Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 1250 ml
T-5 Emamectin benzoate5%SG 200 g
T-6 Chlorantraniliprole18.5%SC 150 ml
T-7 Alpha-Cypermethrin 10%EC 300 ml
T-8 Deltamethrin 2.80 % EC 200 ml
T-9 Control (Untreated)

Results:
The data regarding bio-efficacy of insecticides combination on larval population of fall armyworm, S. frugiperda during Kharif (2022-23 and 2023-24) on Maize is presented here under.
First Spray: The data pertaining to effect of different insecticides on larval population of S. frugiperda revealed that all the treatment were found significantly superior over the untreated control in reducing larval population of S. frugiperda with first spray at 3, 7 and 14 days after spraying (Table 3). The data recorded on larval population on one day before first spray revealed no significant difference among the treatments. The data recorded for S. frugiperda larvae on seven days after spraying exhibited significant differences among the treatments. The population ranged from 3.77±0.19 larvae per 5 plants. The least population was recorded on Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @ 1250ml/ha which exhibited much effective management of S. frugiperda population (3.77-5.23 larvae per 5 plants) followed by Treament - 3 @ 1000 ml/ha (4.93-5.50 larvae per 5 plants). Significantly highest number of larval populations was recorded in untreated plot (12.33 larvae per 5 plants).
Table 3

T. No.
Treatment
For mula tion
1
DBT No. of larvae per 5 plants
After First Spray % ROC
3
DAT 7
DAT 14
DAT Mean
1.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + 500 7.37 6.33 5.77 6.67 6.26 46.35
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC ml (2.80) (2.61) (2.50) (2.67)
2.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + 750 7.23 5.50 5.07 5.83 5.44 53.38
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC ml (2.76) (2.45) (2.35) (2.52)
3.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + 100 7.33 5.33 4.93 5.50 5.20 55.44
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 0 ml (2.79) (2.41) (2.32) (2.45)
4.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + 125 7.30 5.10 3.77 5.23 4.38 62.46
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 0 ml (2.79) (2.33) (1.98) (2.35)
5.0 Emamectin benzoate5%SG 200 7.33 6.33 5.90 6.77 6.39 45.24
g (2.78) (2.61) (2.50) (2.69)
6.0 Chlorantraniliprole18.5%SC 150 7.53 6.40 6.40 7.13 6.60 43.44
ml (2.83) (2.61) (2.61) (2.73)
7.0 Alpha-Cypermethrin 10%EC 300 7.50 6.53 6.53 7.33 6.74 42.24
ml (2.82) (2.65) (2.65) (2.80)
8.0 Deltamethrin 2.80 % EC 200 6.33 6.81 5.55 6.10 6.39 44.14
(2.11) (2.22) (2.03) (2.21)
9.0 Control (Untreated) - 7.50 10.67 11.00 12.33 11.67 -
(2.83) (3.29) (3.35) (3.54)
SE ± NS 0.16 0.19 0.17 - -
CD @ 5% - 0.48 0.57 0.53 - -
CV% 8.90 10.65 13.06 11.21 - -

Figures in parentheses are square root (x + 0.5) transformed values. DBT - Days before treatment, DAT - Days after treatment ROC - Reduction over control
Second Spray: The data pertaining to effect of different insecticides on larval population of S. frugiperda revealed that all the treatment were found significantly superior over the untreated control in reducing larval population of S. frugiperda with Second spray at 3, 7 and 14 days after spraying (Table 4). The data recorded on larval population on one day before first spray revealed no significant difference among the treatments. The data recorded for S. frugiperda larvae on seven days after spraying exhibited significant differences among the treatments. The population ranged from 3.07±0.16 larvae per 5 plants. The least population was recorded on Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrine 2.80% + Emamectin benzoate 5% + Chlorantraniliprol 18.5% SC @ 1250ml/ha which exhibited much effective management of S. frugiperda population (3.07-4.30 larvae per 5 plants) followed by Treament - 3 @ 1000 ml/ha (4.17-5.67 larvae per 5 plants). Significantly highest number of larval population was recorded in untreated plot (14.67 larvae per 5 plants). Mean larval population of S. frugiperda after first and second spray ranged from 4.38-11.67 & 3.88-14.00 larvae per 5 plants respectively. The subsequent order of effectiveness was with the treatments of Alpha Cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 2.80% + Emamectin benzoate 5% + Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC @ 1250ml/ha revealing 4.38 & 3.88 larvae per 5 plants, followed by T-3, T-2, T-1, T-5, T-6, T-7 and T-8 (Untreated control). The reduction of larval population over control after first and second spray ranged from 42.24-62.46 and 50.64-72.29 respectively.
Table 4

T. No.
Treatment

Formul ation
1
DBT No. of larvae per 5 plants
After Second Spray % ROC
3
DAT 7
DAT 14
DAT Mean
1.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 500
ml 7.37
(2.80) 6.67
(2.65) 5.70
(2.44) 6.83
(2.68) 6.40 54.28
2.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 750
ml 7.23
(2.76) 5.77
(2.50) 4.77
(2.28) 5.87
(2.52) 5.47 60.92
3.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 1000
ml 7.33
(2.79) 5.33
(2.41) 4.17
(2.13) 5.67
(2.47) 5.06 63.85
4.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 1250
ml 7.30
(2.79) 4.27
(2.14) 3.07
(1.86) 4.30
(2.15) 3.88 72.29
5.0 Emamectin benzoate5%SG 200 g 7.33
(2.78) 6.93
(2.72) 5.67
(2.46) 6.87
(2.17) 6.49 53.64
6.0 Chlorantraniliprole18.5%SC 150
ml 7.53
(2.83) 7.00
(2.73) 6.00
(2.54) 6.97
(2.73) 6.66 52.42
7.0 Alpha-Cypermethrin 10%EC 300
ml 7.50
(2.82) 7.17
(2.75) 6.50
(2.63) 7.07
(2.75) 6.91 50.64
8.0 Deltamethrin 2.80 % EC 200 g 7.43
(2.83) 7.10
(2.73) 6.20
(2.54) 6.33
(2.73) 6.66 53.98
9.0 Control (Untreated) - 7.50
(2.83) 13.33
(3.66) 14.00
(3.76) 14.67
(3.86) 14.00 -
SE ± NS 0.19 0.16 0.21 - -
CD @ 5% - 0.57 0.51 0.66 - -
CV% 8.90 12.18 11.66 13.81 - -

Figures in parentheses are square root (x + 0.5) transformed values. DBT - Days before treatment, DAT - Days after treatment ROC - Reduction over control
Hence, concluded that among the eight treatments, all the insecticide treatments were more effective than control in reducing the fall armyworm, S. frugiperda. Whereas, Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @ 1250ml/ha was found extremely effective for control of larval population on Maize.
[0066] Example 3: Efficacy of Insecticides combination against Soyabean pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) on Soyabean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
The studies on "Efficacy of different insecticides combinations against Soyabean pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera on Soyabean" were conducted under field conditions during Kharif seasons at Sahyadri Seeds Pvt. Ltd. R&D Farm at Sayane, Dist. Dhule (Maharashtra, India). The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) with eight treatments including untreated control with three replications. Soyabean crop was sown in a gross plot. The row to row distance of 45 cm and plant to plant distance of 05 cm was maintained. The crop was grown under protective irrigation, with all recommended packages of practices, except plant protection. The treatments of different insecticides viz., Alpha-cypermethrin 10%, Deltamethrine 4.80%, Emamectin benzoate 3.50 % and Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC, by M/s Sahyadri Seeds Science LLP. were evaluated against H. armigera and subsequent sprays were given at 15 days' interval using manually operated knapsack sprayer. The observations were recorded on number of live larvae per 5 plants on one day before spray and three days, seven days and fourteen days after the spray. The data was subjected to statistical analysis for interpretation.
A field experiment was conducted during Kharif seasons (2023-24) at Sahyadri Seeds Pvt. Ltd. R&D Farm at Sayane, Dist. Dhule, and Maharashtra. The Bio-efficacy of insecticide combination against Soyabean pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera on Soyabean were done during Kharif seasons. A view to evaluate the bio- efficacy of Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.50 % + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @500,750,1000,1250ml/ha, Emamectin benzoate 5% SG @200 g/ha Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC 150 ml/ha and Alpha-cypermethrin 10% EC @ 500m l /ha against Soyabean pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera on Soyabean. On the basis of efficacy, T-4 (Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.50 % + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @ 1250ml/ha) followed by T-3(Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.50 % + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @ 1000ml/ha) found relatively more effective against pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera on Soyabean. These two doses of Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.50 % + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC also reflected on Soyabean yield.
Results:
The data regarding efficacy of insecticides combination on larval population of Soyabean pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera during Kharif- (2023-24) on Soyabean is presented here under.
First Spray: The data pertaining to effect of different insecticides on larval population of H. armigera revealed that all the treatment were found significantly superior over the untreated control in reducing larval population of H. armigera with first spray at 3, 7 and 14 days after spraying (Table 5). The data recorded on larval population on one day before first spray revealed no significant difference among the treatments. The data recorded for H. armigera larvae on seven days after spraying exhibited significant differences among the treatments. The population ranged from 2.91±0.19 larvae per 5 plants. The least population was recorded on Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @ 1250ml/ha which exhibited much effective management of H. armigera population (2.91-4.10 larvae per 5 plants) followed by Treament - 3 @ 1000 ml/ha (4.43-5.35 larvae per 5 plants). Significantly highest number of larval population was recorded in untreated plot (14.67 larvae per 5 plants).
Table 5
T. No.
Treatment
Formul ation 1
DBT No. of larvae per 5 plant After First Spray
3 DAT 7 DAT 14 DAT Mean

1.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrine 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 500
ml 7.10
(2.75) 6.00
(2.55) 5.43
(2.43) 5.50
(2.41)
5.64

2.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrine 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 750
ml 7.23
(2.77) 5.50
(2.45) 4.57
(2.23) 4.73
(2.28)
4.93

3.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrine 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 1000
ml 7.33
(2.79) 5.33
(2.41) 4.43
(2.20) 4.50
(2.22)
4.76

4.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrine 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 1250
ml 7.30
(2.79) 4.10
(2.11) 2.91
(1.76) 2.93
(1.81)
3.31
5.0 Emamectin benzoate5%SG 200 g 7.33
(2.80) 6.17
(2.56) 5.57
(2.43) 6.27
(2.58) 6.00

6.0 Chlorantraniliprole18.5%SC 150
ml 7.63
(2.85) 6.40
(2.61) 6.00
(2.51) 6.73
(2.63) 6.38
7.0 Alpha-Cypermethrin 10%EC 300
ml 7.50
(2.82) 6.70
(2.68) 6.03
(2.55) 6.83
(2.70) 6.52

8.0 Deltamethrin 2.8 EC 200 ml 7.33 5.60 5.23 5.40 5.41
(2.80) (2.45) (2.34) (2.43)
9/0
9.0 Control (Untreated) - 7.50
(2.83) 11.67
(3.45) 12.67
(3.67) 14.67
(3.84) 13.00
SE ± NS 0.18 0.19 0.18 -
CD @ 5% - 0.54 0.56 0.53 -
CV% 6.15 11.89 13.00 11.87 -

Figures in parentheses are square root (x + 0.5) transformed values. DBT - Days before treatment, DAT - Days after treatment
Second Spray: The data pertaining to effect of different insecticides on larval population of H. armigera revealed that all the treatment were found significantly superior over the untreated control in reducing larval population of H. armigera with Second spray at 3, 7 and 14 days after spraying (Table 6). The data recorded on larval population on one day before first spray revealed no significant difference among the treatments. The data recorded for H. armigera larvae on seven days after spraying exhibited significant differences among the treatments. The population ranged from 1.83±0.16 larvae per 5 plants. The least population was recorded on Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80 % + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprol 4.80 % SC @ 1250ml/ha which exhibited much effective management of H. armigera population (1.83-2.10 larvae per 5 plants) followed by Treament - 3 @ 1000 ml/ha (3.33-3.60 larvae per 5 plants). Significantly highest number of larval population was recorded in untreated plot (19.00 larvae per 5 plants). Mean larval population of H. armigera after first and second spray ranged from 3.31-13.00 & 1.98-17.67 larvae per 5 plants respectively. The subsequent order of effectiveness was with the treatments of Alpha- cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrine 4.80 % + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprol 4.80 % SC @ 1250ml/ha revealing 3.32 & 1.98 larvae per 5 plants, followed by T-3, T-2, T-1, T-5, T-6, T-7 and T-8 (Untreated control).
Table 6
T. No.
Treatment
Formul ation 1
DBT No. of larvae per 5 plant After Second Spray
3 DAT 7 DAT 14 DAT Mean

1.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrine 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 500
ml 7.10
(2.75) 4.33
(2.15) 4.67
(2.23) 4.83
(2.31)
4.61

2.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrine 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 750
ml 7.23
(2.77) 3.67
(2.00) 4.07
(2.11) 4.33
(2.19)
4.02

3.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrine 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 1000
ml 7.33
(2.79) 3.33
(1.90) 3.60
(1.96) 3.50
(1.95)
3.48

4.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrine 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC 1250
ml 7.30
(2.79) 2.10
(1.56) 1.83
(1.50) 2.00
(1.53)
1.98
5.0 Emamectin benzoate 5%SG 200 g 7.33 5.60 5.23 5.40 5.41
(2.80) (2.45) (2.34) (2.43)
6.0 Chlorantraniliprole 18.5%SC 150 7.63 5.83 5.33 5.60 5.59
ml (2.85) (2.48) (2.39) (2.45)
7.0 Alpha-Cypermethrin 10%EC 300 7.50 6.20 5.70 5.80 5.90
ml (2.82) (2.57) (2.48) (2.51)
8.0 Deltamethrin 2.8 % EC 200 ml 7.33 5.60 5.23 5.40 5.41
(2.80) (2.45) (2.34) (2.43)
9.0 Control (Untreated) - 7.50 16.67 17.33 19.00 17.67
(2.83) (4.14) (4.19) (4.41)
SE ± NS 0.19 0.16 0.17 -
CD @ 5% - 0.59 0.50 0.51 -
CV% 6.15 13.92 11.87 11.71 -

Figures in parentheses are square root (x + 0.5) transformed values. DBT - Days before treatment, DAT - Days after treatment
Hence, concluded that among the eight treatments, all the insecticide treatments were more effective than control in reducing the Soayaben pod borer, H. armigera. Whereas, Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.50 % + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @ 1250ml/ha was found extremely effective for control of larval population on Soyabean.
[0067] Example 4: Bio-efficacy of combination of insecticide against bollworms complex in Cotton.
Field experiment was conducted at Sahyadri Seeds Pvt. Ltd. R&D Farm at Sayane ,Dist. Dhule Maharashtra during Kharif seasons of (2022-23 and 2023-24) in Randomized Block Design with eight treatment and three replications to determine the bio- efficacy Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC by M/s Sahyadri Seeds Science LLP. The treatments wise spray was applied on cotton when bollworm pests reached ETL using high volumes prayer. The observations on population of cotton bollworms were recorded on five plants selected randomly in each block of the trial plot. Effect of insecticides on infestation of bollworm in fruiting bodies. The observation of infested squares, flowers, buds, bolls from each observation plant from seven and fourteen days after each spraying was taken. The percent damage in fruiting bodies was worked out by using the following formula.

The data on seed cotton yield were also recorded during the first and second year of study and were summed up for further statistical analysis.
The Bio-efficacy of combination of insecticide against bollworm complex in cotton were done during kharif seasons (2022-23 and 2023-24) at Sahyadri Seeds Pvt. Ltd. R&D Farm at Sayane, Dist. Dhule Maharashtra. A view to evaluate the bio-efficacy of Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @ 500, 750, 1000, 1250 ml/ha, Alpha cypermethrin 10% EC @ 500 m l /ha, Deltamethrine 2.80% EC @ 250 ml/ha, Emamectinbenzoate 5% SG @ 200 g/ha and Chlorantraniliprol 18.5% SC 150 ml/ha against bollworm pests of cotton. On the basis of efficacy, Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC (1000 and 1250 ml/ha) found relatively more effective against bollworm complex viz., American bollworm Spotted bollworm and Pink Bollworm. These two doses of diafenthiuron Alpha cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrine 2.80% + Emamectin benzoate 5% + Chlorantraniliprol 18.5% SC also reflected on cotton seed yield.
Results:
The observations recorded 7 Days and 14 Days after each spraying i.e., first spray, second spray and third spray showed significant treatment differences in percent fruiting body damage due to bollworm damage. The data on first (7 & 14 days after spray), Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @ 1250ml/ha (0.72 & 1.43%) proved to be the most effective and significantly superior over other treatment of insecticide applications and it was at par with Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @ 1000 ml/ha (1.17 & 2.24%). After second spray, significantly reduction in fruiting body damage was observed In plots treated with Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @ 1250ml/ha (1.07 & 1.43%) than all the tested insecticides except 1000ml/ha (1.80 & 2.47%) The next best treatments observed are Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @ 750 ml/ha at par with Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC @ 500 ml/ha & Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC @ 150 ml/ha. More or less similar trend of reduction in per cent fruiting damage body after spraying different insecticides against bollworm complex was notice after third spraying of insecticide as it was recorded at first and second spraying.
The mean data (Table 7) indicated that all treatments are significantly more effective than control in reducing per cent of the fruiting body. Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC (1000 and 1250 ml/ha) found relatively more effective against bollworm complex viz., American bollworm Spotted bollworm and Pink Bollworm. These two doses of Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC also reflected on cotton seed yield.


Table 7
T. No
Treatment Formulation BIS First Spray Second Spray Third Spray
Mean
7 DAS 14 DAS 7 DAS 14 DAS 7 DAS 14 DAS
1.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC

500 ml
10.33
(18.72)
2.03
(8.19)
3.13
(10.19)
2.63
(9.20)
3.27
(10.40)
1.97
(8.06)
3.17
(11.16)
2.70
(9.45)
2.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC

750 ml
10.67
(18.98)
1.83
(7.77)
2.53
(9.11)
2.23
(8.55)
2.73
(9.47)
1.93
(7.99)
2.57
(9.19)
2.31
(8.71)
3.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC

1000 ml
10.33
(18.58)
1.17
(6.17)
2.24
(8.54)
1.80
(7.70)
2.47
(8.95)
1.33
(6.56)
2.33
(8.70)
1.89
(7.81)
4.0 Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC

1250 ml
10.50
(18.81)
0.72
(4.74)
1.43
(6.74)
1.07
(5.91)
1.43
(6.86)
0.80
(5.01)
1.43
(6.85)
1.15
(6.15)
5.0 Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC 150 ml 10.67
(18.98) 2.22
(8.70) 3.04
(9.96) 2.63
(9.30) 3.63
(10.91) 2.50
(9.07) 3.13
(10.15) 2.88
(9.67)
6.0 Emamectin benzoate 5% SG 200 g 10.33
(18.58) 2.43
(8.81) 3.37
(10.56) 2.87
(9.68) 3.97
(11.49) 3.17
(10.23) 3.30
(10.44) 3.18
(10.28)
7.0 Alpha-Cypermethrin 10% EC 300 ml 10.33
(18.72) 2.77
(9.57) 3.55
(10.84) 3.27
(10.41) 4.03
(11.51) 3.17
(10.20) 4.00
(11.44) 3.46
(10.65)
8.0 Deltamethrin 2.8 EC 200 ml 10.23
(18.38) 2.45
(8.41) 3.77
(10.16) 2.37
(9.18) 3.12
(11.19) 3.44
(10.23) 3.65
(10.32) 3.22
(10.21)
9.0 Control (Untreated) - 10.67
(19.03) 10.33
(18.72) 11.00
(19.26) 11.00
(19.37) 12.00
(20.23) 11.00
(19.32) 13.67
(21.68) 11.50
(19.81)
SE ± - 0.69 0.79 0.65 0.78 0.65 0.75 0.71
CD @ 5% NS 2.08 2.41 1.96 2.37 1.95 2.28 2.10
CV% - 13.12 12.93 11.21 12.08 11.69 11.81 12.14

Figures in parentheses are angular transformed values. BIS- Before insecticide spraying count, DAS- Days after spraying
Hence, significantly minimum per cent fruiting body damage observed in all the treatments over the control. The plot treated with Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% + Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC (1250 ml/ha) found relatively more effective against bollworm complex recorded minimum per cent fruiting body damage (1.15%) and which was at par with Alpha-cypermethrin 10% + Deltamethrin 4.80% + Emamectin benzoate 3.5% +
Chlorantraniliprole 4.80 % SC (1000 ml/ha).
[0068] A skilled artisan will appreciate that the quantity and type of each ingredient can be used in different combinations or singly. All such variations and combinations would be falling within the scope of present disclosure.
[0069] The foregoing examples are merely illustrative and are not to be taken as limitations upon the scope of the invention. Various changes and modifications to the disclosed embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
1. The present invention provides an insecticide combination for pest control in kharif crops.
2. The present invention provides an insecticide combination that is highly effective against pests in kharif crops and thereby increases the yield of the crops.
3. The present invention provides a pest control composition that is economical and sustainable.
4. The present invention provides bio-efficacy of new insecticides combination against H. armigera infesting soybean and bollworm complex in cotton
5. The present invention provides a new insecticides combination for reducing the bollworm population and avoiding insecticide resistance.
, Claims:1. A pest control composition for kharif crops comprising: one or more insecticides, one or more surfactant, a biocide, a defoamer and a solvent;
wherein, the insecticides are selected from a group consisting of Alphacypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Emamectin benzoate and Chlorantraniliprole or a combination thereof.

2. The pest control composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insecticides are present in a concentration:
Alphacypermethrin in a range of 9% to 11%;
Deltamethrin in a range of 4% to 5%;
Emamectin benzoate in a range of 3% to 4%; and
Chlorantraniliprole in a range of 4% to 5%.

3. The pest control composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surfactants are selected from a group consisting of Envipol M 98, Envipol TRN and Envipol PE or a combination thereof.

4. The pest control composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biocide is Nipacide BIT-20 and the defoamer is Sag-1572 Defoamer.

5. The pest control composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solvent is selected from Propylene Glycol and demineralized water or a combination thereof.

6. The pest control composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises Xanthum Gum and Precipitated Silica (Ppt Silica).

7. The pest control composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pest are selected from Fall Armyworm, (Spodoptera frugiperda), Soyabean pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera), American bollworm Spotted bollworm and Pink Bollworm.

8. The pest control composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Kharif crops are selected from maize (Zea mays L.), soyabean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) and cotton.

9. A process for the preparation of a pest control composition for kharif crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprising the steps of:
a) mixing propylene glycol and one or more surfactant under stirring to obtain a mixture;
b) adding biocide, defoamer and demineralized (DM) water after 15 minutes in the mixture obtained in step (a) and followed by homogenization for 15 min;
c) adding ppt silica in the mixture obtained in step (b) under continuous stirring and followed by adding one or more insecticides with homogenization for 30 min to obtain a wet slurry;
d) passing the wet slurry obtained in step (c) to Dyno-Mill under defined temperature;
e) collecting the slurry obtained in step (d) and followed by homogenization; and
f) adding the gel in the slurry obtained in step (e) under stirring and followed by packing the obtained gel composition.

10. The process as claimed in claim 9, wherein the surfactants are selected from a group consisting of Envipol M 98, Envipol TRN and Envipol PE or a combination thereof.

11. The process as claimed in claim 9, wherein the insecticides are selected from a group consisting of Alphacypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Emamectin benzoate and Chlorantraniliprole or a combination thereof.
12. The process as claimed in claim 9, wherein the temperature in step (d) is maintained in a range of 20℃ to 25℃.

13. The process as claimed in claim 9, wherein the Particle Size distribution (PSD) is d90 < 10 µ.

14. The process as claimed in claim 9, wherein the homogenization is carried out in a range of 280 to 320 rpm.

15. The process as claimed in claim 9, wherein the stirring in step (f) is carried out for 2 to 3 hours.

16. The process as claimed in claim 9, wherein the composition is packed in a HDPE container.

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